Go back and say goodbye. original text
Go back to Xi, the countryside will ruin Hu Bugui! Since the eyes are heart-centered, are you very sad? Without remonstrating with the past, you can pursue what you know. Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.
It looks forward to Yu Heng and runs with joy. Servants are welcome and children are waiting for the door. The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room, there will be wine bottles. Lead the pot to think for yourself and make the court happy. Leaning against the south window to send lofty sentiments, judge your knees to be comfortable. Garden Day includes fun, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.
Come back, please rest assured that you will never travel again. The world is against me, what can I ask for? Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that he wanted to do something with Xichou. Or a towel cart, or a boat There are both gentle and graceful valley searching and rugged climbing. Wood is thriving and spring is blooming. When everything is fine, I feel that my journey of life is over.
I don't hold grudges anymore! How long will it take to get back into space! Do you want to stay? What does Hu Wei want? Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. When you are pregnant, you can go alone or plant a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. Chatting, riding, returning, the fate of Lotte is really ridiculous!
Return and coming, Xi word, translation
Go home, the countryside is almost deserted, why don't you go back! Since I think my mind is enslaved by my body, why do I feel sad and sad alone? Recognize that past mistakes are irreversible, and know that future things can still be redeemed. It's not too far to go astray. I have realized that today is "yes" and yesterday is "no". The boat that returned is floating briskly, and the breeze slowly blows up the coat. Ask pedestrians the way ahead, I hate that the morning light is still so faint and fuzzy.
Seeing the dilapidated house in my hometown, I walked straight ahead with joy. The boy came to meet with joy, and the children met at home. Although the courtyard path will be deserted, I am glad that the cypresses and chrysanthemums in the garden still exist. I took the children into the back room, where there was a bottle full of wine. I took the hip flask and poured myself a cup. Looking at the branches in the yard, I really smiled. By the south window, I feel proud of the world and feel comfortable living in a simple house. It is fun to walk in the garden every day. Although there is a garden door, it is often closed. Walking around or resting leisurely on crutches, raising your head from time to time and looking into the distance. Clouds naturally float out of the hole, and birds know when they are tired of flying. The sun is setting, and the sun is about to set. I feel lonely and can't get rid of it.
Go home, I want to break up my friendship with outsiders. Since the world is against my obedience, what can go on road trip ask for? Talking about confidence between relatives makes people feel happy, and learning to play the piano can relieve boredom. The farmers told me that spring was coming and I would go to the west to cultivate my fields. Some people are driving tarpaulins, while others are rowing boats. Sometimes along the winding stream into the valley, and sometimes along the rugged path through the hills. Trees are thriving, and springs are beginning to trickle. Envy everything when you are right and sigh that life is about to stop.
Forget it! How many days will you stay between heaven and earth! Why not let go of life and death? Why are you wandering where you want to go? Seeking money is not my wish, and I can't expect to find a fairyland. I just hope it's sunny, go out alone, or put sugar cane in the field to weed and raise seedlings. Climb the mountains in the east and shout loudly, and recite poems in the face of clear water. Let's go to the end of life with the change of nature, there is nothing to doubt about a happy life!
Appreciate:
In the first year of Jin 'an (405), Tao Yuanming abandoned his official position and returned to the field, and wrote "Returning to the Ci". This lyric poem is not only a sign of the turning point of Yuan Ming's life, but also the peak of his recluse consciousness in the history of China literature.
The full text describes the author's situation on his way home and after his arrival, and envisages his future seclusion, thus expressing the author's dislike of officialdom and longing for rural life at that time. On the other hand, it also reveals the poet's negative thought of "being happy to know life".
In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, he offered wine to the country in the 18th year of Taiyuan (393), and served as the ambassador of Peng in the first year. During these thirteen years, he became an official several times and retired several times. Yuan Ming had political ambitions, but the political society at that time was extremely dark. In the second year of Emperor Yuan Xing of Jin 'an (403), Huan Xuan, a warlord, usurped Jin and called himself Emperor Chu. In the third year of Yuanxing, another warlord, Emperor Wu of Song, set out to beg for Huan and entered Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the first year of Yixi, Emperor Wu of Song completely manipulated the military and political power in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At this time, it was only fifteen years since Huan Xuan usurped Jin. Along with these usurpations, there are countless massacres of dissidents and unjust wars. Yuan loves a free tomorrow, but at that time, the official atmosphere was extremely decadent, flattering his superiors, arrogant, rampant, and shameful. An upright scholar had no place in a politically harmonious society at that time, let alone realize his ideals and ambitions. After thirteen years of twists and turns, Yuanming finally realized this completely. The fundamental opposition between Yuan Ming's personality and political society doomed his ultimate choice-seclusion.
Orderliness before resignation is an excellent essay. From "I come from a poor family" to "I seek for it because of my poor family", I briefly describe my tortuous experience of being an official because of my poor family. Among them, "relatives and friends advised Yu to be an official, but he was pregnant" and "Peng Ze went home for a hundred miles, and the benefits of the commons were enough, so he asked for it", which wrote the joy and yearning he had when he was an official in the past, showing the simplicity of the poet's nature. From the second half of Jishaori to Ye Si in November, I wrote down the reasons why I decided to abandon my official position and return to the field. "Nature is natural, but the income is not excessive", which is the fundamental reason for abandoning officials. After several official careers, the poet knows that "self-service" is to lose himself and "be deeply ashamed of his lifelong ambition". Therefore, "hunger and freezing are all cut", and we are never willing to "fight against ourselves and get sick". Although the language is gentle, the will is as firm as a rock and there is no turning back. As for the "self-termination" because of the loss of my sister, it is only a superficial reason. The preface is a reflection on the road of the first half of life. Ci is the imagination and yearning for a new life when he left the officialdom at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty.
"Come back, the countryside will be destroyed by Hu Bugui!" The first two sentences are like giving yourself a blow, which shows the great enlightenment of life. In the poet's deep consciousness, pastoral is the root of human life and a symbol of free life. The destruction of the countryside means losing roots and freedom. Going back and forth is the call of the countryside. It is also the call of the poet's nature. "Since the heart is the form of service, I am sad." In other words, I have let my heart be driven by my body. Since I asked for it, why should I be disappointed and sad alone? Let bygones be bygones. The poet's attitude towards life is firm. "Don't remonstrate with the past, those who know it will pursue it. It's not far from being lost. I don't think today is yesterday. "The past is irreversible, but the future can be grasped. It's not too late to retire. This "enlightenment", "knowledge" and "awareness" shows that the poet has grasped himself and gained a new life. " The ship is far away, and the wind blows clothes. Ask the recruiter the way forward, hate dawn. "These four sentences are filled with joy when the poet imagined going home by land and water. The lightness of the boat and the wind blowing on the skirt show the looseness of abandoning the official. When the morning comes, I hate not seeing the road, and then I see anxious to return's home. This is going out of the cage to freedom. It's really comforting to ask pedestrians about the land line.
"Is deep in constant, carrying hin carrying rush. The servant waits for it, and the son waits for the door. " A 4 1 year-old poet ran away with joy as soon as he got home, still so naive. The servant greeted him with joy, because the poet regarded him as "the son of man" and "it was good to meet him" (Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming). The children greeted them at the door, because their father was with them from now on. The image of the poet's wife can be seen from this grand welcome arrangement. "His wife, Zhai, can also be diligent and work with his comrades" (ibid.). Behind the cheering children is her quiet and happy smile. "Three path barren, pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room and have a wine bottle. " Seeing that seclusion is often a desolate road, the poet suddenly felt remorse for straying into his official career; To the poet's relief, his nature still exists. Bring the young man into the room and see his wife taking care of the young man and his ability and virtue. There is also a bottle of wine, which is clearly a warmth from his wife. What a warm family, this is the guarantee of seclusion. "Lead pot action, court coke. Proud of leaning against the south window, it is easy to judge the knee. " Drink heartily, humble room is easy to settle down, and write the poet's contentment. It is the poet's loneliness and pride to squint at the pavilion guests and lean proudly against the south window.
"Garden Day is very interesting, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the elderly to rest, and correct their heads at a distance. " The poet's soul and life have been isolated from the secular world and open to nature. It is interesting to walk in the garden every day. Walking or resting on crutches always looks up and looks far away. Only the vast nature can accommodate the poet's lofty sentiments. "Clouds come out of the hole unintentionally, and birds are tired of flying. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering. " The description of these four sentences is obviously profound. In Song Dynasty, Ye Mengde commented on two sentences in Summer Tales: "This is the origin of Tao Yuanming. I have this feeling in my chest and can't say it for this. " The cloud "goes out unintentionally" and the bird "flies wearily" and "knows to return", which really metaphor the poet's mental journey from being an official to retiring. Tao Qing commented on the Collection of Mr. Jingjie in two sentences: "Min Jinzuo will be exhausted, knowing that it is too late, thinking about hiding in the valley, being in chaos, and getting all the rest." The sun is dim and will set in the west. Whether it is pity for Kim Yong, whether it is or not, lonely wandering is obviously a symbol of the poet Geng Jie's wild heart. In this speech, the words "Songju", "Pavilion Guest" and "Solitary Pine" are three compliments in an article. "Come back to Xi, please rest assured that you will never swim. The world is against me, and I ask for it. " Poets are out of tune with the secular world, so what is the purpose of traveling? "Yue relatives love language, Le Shu to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that something was going to happen in Xichou. " Farmers talk about how sweet and real crops are. I can't hear the annoying word "see the official" anymore. Besides the piano book Coke, it is also a good book that can't be read, not to mention the spring full of hope. "Or life towel car, or a boat. Finding a gully is not only awkward, but also rugged and hilly. "
Taking a boat, going deep into mountains and rivers, deep mountain roads and rugged mountain roads are all full of interest. "Wood is thriving, and spring blossoms. When everything is fine, I feel that my life journey is over. " Nature is full of vitality and rhythm, which makes people both excited and depressed. Everything is thriving, just as you are young and you are getting old. "It has disappeared, how long will it take to form a space? Whether to stay or not, Hu Weiwei will do whatever he wants. " Looking at the limitation of life, the more precious freedom is. I don't have many years to live. Why don't I follow my own wishes? Why do I need to look outside? "Wealth is not my wish, and the hometown of emperors cannot be expected." The land of emperors is the land of immortals, which refers to the immortal world in Taoism, but it can also refer to the pure land in the west in Buddhism. Wealth and fame are not my wish, and and heaven remains our neighbourhood cannot be trusted. From this, we can see through Yuan Ming's philosophy of life. He not only denied the secular political society, but also abandoned the other side of religion. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the scholar-officials were keen on official positions, and the Buddha and the old prevailed, but their realm was not brilliant. His attitude towards life is serious and secular. He wants to find the meaning of life in his own life and realize the value of life. "If you are pregnant, you will go alone, or you will plant a stick. These four sentences, Deng Yu and Lin Zuoshi, are a concentrated description of the poet's ideal life. When it's sunny, you will travel, when the farm is busy, you will climb and scream, and when you are near the water, you will write poems. Labor, nature and humanity constitute the poet's whole life. "Talking about riding to the end, the fate of love is in doubt." Summarizing two sentences is a high generalization of the poet's philosophy of life. The Book of Changes says, "Lotte know life is not worried." Both culture and fate refer to the way of nature. Let your life always conform to the way of nature, that is, realize the meaning of life, which is enough happiness. This is happiness, and there is no doubt! This is beyond the realm and down-to-earth.
Gui Xi Ci is a lyric poem in poetic style. The source of ci style is Chu ci, especially Li Sao. The realm of Songs of the South is a tragic realm of enthusiastic use of the world. The realm of "Gui Xi Ci" is the transcendental realm of retiring and avoiding the world. The traditional literati in China are educated by Confucianism, and their life ideal is to be active in the world. In the extremely dark historical era of politics, the ideals of literati cannot be realized, and even their lives are not guaranteed. At this time, abandoning the official and retiring is the real meaning. Its significance lies in refusing to cooperate with the dark forces and promoting the spirit of independence and freedom. Tao Yuanming was the first person to express this recluse consciousness truly, profoundly and comprehensively in his poems. This is the significance of "Back to Xi Ci" in the history of Ci and literature.
In the Song Dynasty, the word "Gui Xi" was rediscovered and recognized. Ouyang Xiu said: "Jin has no articles, only Tao Yuanming's" Restoring Words "." Song Yu said: "The return of Tao Gong is the swan song of the North and South." This paper comments on the important position of this poem in the history of literature. Li said: "Restored Words is from the heart, but there is no axe mark." Zhu said: "The meaning of his words is extensive and scattered. Although with the voice of Chu, there is no complaint. " (See Tao Shu's note for the quotation), pointing out the true, natural and harmonious style of this poem. These comments of Song people are in line with reality.
Reading "Gui Xi Ci" can't give people a relaxed feeling, because there is a sadness and helplessness behind the seemingly carefree poet. In essence, Tao Yuanming is not a pure hermit who only likes to travel around and doesn't care about current events. Although he said that "nature loves hills", his essence is to benefit society. When talking about Tao Yuanming, Mr. Lu Xun said, "It's poetry. In addition to the "leisurely view of Nanshan" praised by critics, there is also "jingwei holds a small wood, will fill the sea and dance in the fields, and his fierce ambition is always there", which proves that he is not in the clouds all day and all night. Through the angry words of "please rest and never travel" and "the world is against me", we feel heavy.
Is the setting of "Gui Xi Ci" real or fictional? Mr. Qian Zhongshu said: "The preface was written in November, still in the middle of winter;" If it is a retrospective direct record, did you search for' wood is thriving' and' when everything is fine'? Is there any personnel such as' the farmer told Yu Yichun that he would have something to do with Xichou' or' helping with a stick'? It goes without saying that it is an imagination that has not returned to the past. " (See Qian Zhongshu's "Pipe Tapping" 1225 ~ 1226, Zhonghua Book Company, 1979) In this way, the first writing feature of this article is imagination. What the author writes is not the immediate scene, but the imaginary scene and the scene in his heart. So, what's the difference between writing the scene in your heart and the scene in front of you? The scene in front of you is what you can see with your eyes. There are scenes in front and words behind them, which are consistent with the scene and focus on truth. The scene in your mind is the scene of creation. You can do whatever you want. When you follow your heart, there is not necessarily a scene. If you have a scene, it may not be true. It's just lyrical.
The language of this article is exquisite. Poetry is mainly composed of six sentences, including three, four, seven and eight-character sentences, which are catchy and melodious. The words "zhi", "one" and "two" in the sentence are soothing and elegant. Sometimes with overlapping words, there is a strong sense of music. For example, "the boat is swaying, the wind is fluttering and blowing clothes" and "Mu Xinxin, spring water begins to flow". Use more antithetical sentences, no matter right or wrong, they are just right. Description is combined with lyricism and discussion, sometimes writing scenery, sometimes lyricism, and sometimes discussion, which is scenic, affectionate, rational and interesting.
Finally, Tao Yuanming is different from the working people, although he retired to the countryside, whether he did it actively or passively. Whether he wrote "Returning to the Garden" or "Returning to the Garden to Xi Ci", it was actually a phenomenon of that era, and he was not the only one who retired to the countryside. However, his seclusion has created a writer and formed a literary style, which shines brilliantly in the history of China literature. Ouyang Xiu said: "Jin has no article, and Tao Yuanming's Gui Ci is just a poem." Although this statement is exaggerated, we can see its position in the history of literature.