("Pearl Capsule" and "Classic" original peony)

Root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa with different names (Compendium), Paeonia suffruticosa (Materia Medica) and Dangen (Guizhou Folk Prescription Collection).

The source is the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa of Ranunculaceae.

Plant peony, also known as: Lujiu, Shugu (Ben Jing), Atractylodes macrocephala (Guangya), Bailianjin, Wu Peony (Tang Herbal Medicine), Woody Peony (The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao), Kao Hua (Luoyang Famous Garden), Luoyang Flower (Qunfangpu) and Tiejiao Niu.

Deciduous perennial shrub, height1~1.5 m. Rhizome hypertrophy. The branches are short and stout. Leaves alternate, usually 2 times and 3 leaves; The stalk length is 6 ~10 cm; Leaflets are ovoid or broadly ovoid, the terminal leaflets are usually 3-lobed, and the lateral leaflets are palmately 3-lobed, with dark green and hairless surfaces. The lower part is slightly white, and the midvein is sparsely white with long hair. Flowers solitary at the ends of branches, large; Sepals 5, imbricate, green; There are 5 or more petals, and most of them are double petals, which vary greatly, usually inverted oval, with notch at the top, rose, red, purple and white; Stamens are numerous, filaments are red and anthers are yellow; 2 ~ 5 pistils, green, densely short hair, short style and leaflike stigma; Disk cup-shaped. The fruit is an aggregate of 2 ~ 5 clams, oval, green and short brown hair. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruiting period is from July to August.

Born in sunny and fertile soil, it is often cultivated in gardens. Distributed in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places. It is cultivated all over the country.

The flower (peony flower) of this plant is also used for medicine, and another article is detailed.

Collect peony cultivated for 3-5 years, dig it in autumn or early spring, wash the soil, remove fibrous roots and stem seedlings, cut off the root bark and dry it in the sun. Or after scraping off the skin, cut off the root skin and dry it in the sun. The former is called "original cortex moutan" and the latter is called "scraping cortex moutan."

Medicinal materials ① Cortex Moutan

The root bark is cylindrical and semi-cylindrical, with longitudinal cracks, and both sides are curled inward, usually 3 ~ 8 cm long and about 2 mm thick. The appearance is grayish brown or purplish brown, some of the cork has fallen off, showing brownish red, and fibrous root marks and protruding lenticels can be seen; The inner surface is light brown or grayish yellow, with longitudinal fine texture and shiny crystals. Hard and brittle, uneven section, or powdery, yellowish and reddish. It has a special aroma, tastes slightly bitter and astringent, and has a slight tingling feeling.

(2) scraping cortex moutan

Also known as: Paeonia suffruticosa (Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan), the surface is slightly rough and pink. Everything else is the same as the original Cortex Moutan.

Among the above two kinds of medicinal materials, the one with thick strips, thick skin, full powder, strong aroma and many crystals is the best.

Location: Anhui, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Shandong, Guizhou and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Yunnan and Zhejiang. Sichuan and Anhui have the largest output. Phoenix Mountain in Tongling, Anhui Province has the best quality, which is called Fengmoutan. Produced in Nanling, Anhui Province, is called Yao Mudan; Sichuan Dianjiang and Guanxian are called Sichuan Mudan Cortex; Gansu, Shaanxi, Kangding and Luding in Sichuan are called Xidan Peony; It is called Xichang Cortex Moutan produced in Xichang, Sichuan, and its quality is inferior.

In addition to the above-mentioned authentic peony bark, the root bark of dwarf peony and purple peony is still used in Shaanxi. The variety of Paeonia suffruticosa in Xichang is complex. Besides the genuine Paeonia suffruticosa, the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia suffruticosa in Sichuan is also used.

In addition, there is a kind of Maomoutan in Sichuan, which is Maowen Peony. The tree peony in Yunnan is the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia suffruticosa in Yunnan.

The roots of chemical constituents contain paeonol, paeonol glycoside, paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin. It also contains 0.15 ~ 0.4% of volatile oil and phytosterols.

Pharmacological action ① Effect on central nervous system

Mice injected or taken orally with paeonol have sedative, hypnotic and analgesic effects. It can reduce the body temperature of normal mice (intraperitoneal injection or gastric perfusion), and also has antipyretic effect on artificially febrile mice (caused by injection of typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli); It also has the effect of resisting electric shock or drug-induced shock.

② Hypotensive effect

Intravenous injection of Cortex Moutan decoction (equivalent to 0.75 g/kg of crude drug) has antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, cats and rats. Paeonol and its decoction also have antihypertensive effect in acute animal experiments. Experimental hypertension ("primary" type and renal type) can be taken orally by dogs or rats, but the effect appears slowly, which may be due to slow absorption in gastrointestinal tract.

③ Antibacterial effect

In the test tube, it has strong antibacterial effect on staphylococcus albus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and typhoid Bacillus. Peony bark has a significant effect on Shigella dysenteriae and typhoid Bacillus (double dilution method in test tube), and its bactericidal power is the strongest at pH 7.0 ~ 7.6. Agar plate trenching method has also proved that it is effective for typhoid Bacillus, dysentery Bacillus, paratyphoid Bacillus and Escherichia coli. Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, Vibrio cholerae and many other bacteria have different degrees of inhibition. Paeonol can also inhibit Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The extract of Paeonia suffruticosa also has a certain inhibitory effect on 10 kinds of skin fungi such as Microsporum ferruginosum in vitro.

④ Other functions

Paeonol can inhibit edema of hind limbs and reduce vascular permeability in rats, and the above effects will be lost after peony bark is removed. The experiment with chicken embryo showed that Cortex Moutan had a certain antiviral effect, but the results were different after gavage and reinfection with influenza virus in mice, so its antiviral effect was still uncertain.

The hot soaking liquid of Hima pumila produced in Himalayan Mountain has exciting effect on uterus of various animals, but it inhibits frog heart and has spasmolytic effect on intestine of rabbits and guinea pigs. The ethanol extract of Paeonia suffruticosa has digitalis-like effect on frog heart, can excite uterus, inhibit intestine of rats and rabbits, and slightly lower blood pressure of rats, but has no analgesic and anticonvulsant effects (electric shock and shock of pentamethene tetrazole).

Processing peony bark: remove impurities, remove wood core, wash, moisten thoroughly, slice and dry. Stir-fry cortex moutan: put the slices of cortex moutan into a hot pot, stir-fry until they are slightly yellow and scorched, take the mountain and cool thoroughly. Tree peony bark: Put the peony bark slices into the pot, stir-fry them with strong fire until they are brown, spray clean water, take them out and let them cool thoroughly.

Sexual taste is hard and cold.

① Classic: "pungent taste, cold."

② Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan: "Cold in nature, sour and pungent in taste."

③ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Xin Gan, slightly cold."

Meridian entering heart, liver and kidney.

(1) Pearl Capsule: "Hand Jue Yin, Foot Shao Yin."

(2) Compendium: "Four Meridians of Shaoyin and Jueyin in Hand and Foot."

③ "Explanation of the nature of Leigong's processed drugs": "Entering the lung meridian."

Functions: clearing away heat, cooling blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Treat heat entering blood, macula, epilepsy, vomiting, epistaxis, bloody stool, bone steaming fatigue, amenorrhea, abdominal mass, carbuncle, and palpitation.

① Ben Jing: "Treating cold and heat, apoplexy, carbuncle, spasm, convulsion and epilepsy, removing symptoms and blood stasis, retaining the stomach and intestines, calming the five internal organs and treating carbuncle and sore."

(2) Bielu: "Except for headache due to seasonal gas, five fatigue due to guest fever, headache and lumbago due to fatigue, wind silence, epilepsy."

③ The Theory of Medicinal Properties: "Treat cold air, dispel all kinds of pain, and treat women's meridian obstruction, bleeding and backache."

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Eliminating pathogenic factors, pleasing the color, clearing the blood vessels, expelling pus, dredging menstruation, eliminating blood stasis, continuing bones and muscles, removing wind arthralgia, giving birth and giving birth, and all cold and hot blood gas after delivery."

⑤ Pearl Capsule: "Treating gastrointestinal hemorrhage, epistaxis, hematemesis and sweating without sweat."

⑥ Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan: "Break blood, activate blood, eliminate the disease of abdominal mass, and remove the heat of blood."

⑦ Introduction to Medicine: "Purging fire, nourishing true blood and gas, and breaking accumulation."

8 "Compendium": "Blood, raw blood, cool blood. "Cure fire in blood, and get rid of vexation and heat."

Usage and dosage for oral administration: decoction,1.5 ~ 3 RMB; Or into the pill, scattered.

It is advisable to avoid blood deficiency and cold, and pregnant women and those with menorrhagia should take it with caution.

① Notes on Materia Medica Classics: "Fear of Cuscuta chinensis."

(2) Ancient and Modern Records of Folk Prescriptions: "Avoid coriander."

③ Herbal Medicine of Tang Dynasty: "Fear Fritillaria and rhubarb."

④ "Rihuazi Herbal Medicine": "Avoid garlic."

⑤ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "Those who have excessive spontaneous sweating should not use it, so that they can drain body fluids. Don't use acne rash at first, because it is specialized in dispersing blood. There is no reason to worry about spreading the roots and feet. "

⑥ "De Pei Ben Cao": "Do not use it if the stomach is qi-deficient and cold, and the fire is weak."

Prescription 1: Treating typhoid fever and toxic sores such as peas: Cortex Moutan, Fructus Gardeniae, Scutellariae Radix (removing black heart), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (filing and frying), Radix Aucklandiae and Herba Ephedrae (removing roots and knots). Divide the six flavors equally and file it as big as a bean. Every time you take a San Qian Bi and a lamp of water, fry until seven minutes, remove me and take it warm. (Peony Soup in Shengji Zonglu)

(2) Curing women's evil blood attacks on the top, and they are more angry: half a piece of peony bark and half a piece of dry paint (burning smoke). Water for two minutes and fry for one minute. ("Discrimination of Various Evidence")

③ For typhoid and epidemic febrile diseases, blood should be accumulated without sweating, as well as epistaxis and hematemesis, blood stasis, yellow face and black stool; Eliminating blood stasis: one or two rhinoceros horns, eight or two raw rehmannia, three or two peony and two or two peony skins. Serve four flavors, finely cut, boil three liters with nine liters of water and take three servings. ("Qian Jin Fang" Rhinoceros Horn Dihuang Decoction)

④ Treatment of Prenatal Hemorrhage: Cortex Moutan, Scutellariae Radix, Pollen Typhae, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Platycladus orientalis. * * * is fine powder, and early rice paste is pill. Hollow white soup with 100 pills. ("Women's Experience in the Secret House")

⑤ Treat women with bone steaming, and the meridians are blocked, which gradually increases emaciation: one and a half peony bark, one or two cinnamon bark, one or two Akebia stem (filing and frying), one and a half peony, two and a half turtle shell (vinegar-baked, skirt-removed), one and a half sweet potato root, and one and a half peach kernel (soup-soaked, peeled, pointed, and fried). Sift the seven flavors roughly. Every five dollars, one and a half cups of water, fry until one cup, remove me, take two servings at different temperatures, and one after each empty meal. (Peony Soup in Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Treating intestinal carbuncle, less abdominal swelling and swelling, pain like pouring, self-regulating urination, constant fever, spontaneous sweating, aversion to cold, delayed pulse, pus failure, which can be discharged. When there is blood, the pus has been discharged, but it cannot be discharged: rhubarb is four or two, peony is one or two, peach kernels are fifty, melon seeds are half liter, and mirabilite is three. Serve five flavors, take six liters of water, boil one liter, remove me, add mirabilite, fry again, and take it immediately. If there is pus, there is blood if there is no pus. (Rhubarb Peony Soup in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑦ Treatment of hanging carbuncle was born before Gu Dao, and after urinating, it was itchy at first, like pine nuts, red and swollen like peaches, and it was broken when it was treated late, and all the urine and urine came out from here. Those who didn't need to take the old soup first: Peony bark, rhubarb, Fritillaria, Angelica dahurica, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Angelica sinensis cost five yuan each. * * * is fine powder, and the wine is mixed with two yuan, which is eaten in the hollow. (General San of Materia Medica Huiyan)

⑧ For patients with lower sores, the hole has been made: peony square inch dagger, three times a day. ("Filling the back of the elbow")

⑨ Treatment of internal leakage of gold sores without bleeding: Peony bark is scattered, and water is taken with three fingers to make urine bleed. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑩ Treatment of wrist broken blood stasis: 20 tabanus and one or two peonies. Take two flavors to treat the lower sieve, and take a square inch of wine. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑾ hernia (feeling bloated and unable to move). Divide peony bark and Saposhnikovia divaricata into powder, with two yuan for each serving and wine for the next delivery.

⑿ Women hate blood (blood rushes up, blushes and is irritable). Use half a piece of peony bark, half a piece of dry paint (until the smoke is exhausted), add two cups of water, and fry into one cup to take.

[13] Injury and blood stasis. Use 22 pieces of peony bark and 21 pieces of scale insects (survive) and mash them together. Take a spoonful every morning and bring warm wine.

[14] Internal bleeding after a knife wound. Grind with peony bark and take a little with water. Blood stasis is excreted from the urine.

⒂ The lower part is sore (broken). Take a spoonful of peony powder and decoct it. Three times a day.

Clinical application ① Treatment of hypertension

Take two pieces of Cortex Moutan1~1.5, and decoct them in water into120 ~150ml, and take them three times a day. Or the initial dosage is 5 ~ 6 yuan, and if there is no adverse reaction, it will increase to 1 2. After treatment of more than 20 cases, the blood pressure decreased obviously after about 5 days of medication, and the symptoms improved. After taking the medicine for 6 ~ 33 days, the average diastolic blood pressure decreased by10 ~ 20mmhg, and the average systolic blood pressure decreased by 20 ~ 40mmhg. All the cases in this group can reduce the blood pressure to the normal range or close to the normal range in the near future, and the symptoms will disappear or improve, but the long-term curative effect needs to be observed. Some patients have side effects such as nausea and dizziness after taking the medicine, which can disappear naturally without stopping taking the medicine.

② Treating allergic rhinitis.

Take 10% peony bark decoction, 50 ml every night, 10 days as a course of treatment, treat 3 1 case, and recover 12 cases. Another 9 cases were treated, and the symptoms improved quickly after taking the medicine, but no 1 case was cured.

In addition, oral administration of 10% Paeonia suffruticosa decoction (50ml every night) was used to try to treat 6 patients who were delayed in dry ears due to allergic reaction after mastoidectomy. As a result, 5 patients were cured and 1 patient was relieved.

Attached to the function of peony. It lies in clearing away heat and cooling blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and can cure the latent fire of heart, kidney and liver (yin fire, phase fire). To suppress fire, many people use yellow tillers; In fact, peony is better than yellow tiller. Li Shizhen pointed out: Peony only takes red and white single petals as medicine, and other varieties are artificially cultivated. "The smell is not pure and can't be used." Red flowers tend to be beneficial, while white flowers tend to be tonic.

Remind you: Peony bark is a Chinese herbal medicine from the Internet. Please follow the doctor's advice before using it.