What kinds of Chai Chicken are there?
There are many varieties of Chai chicken, which are distributed all over the country, namely:
Tibetan chicken, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Border chickens in Meng Xin Plateau
Jingyuan Chicken, Lueyang Chicken and Zhengyang Sanhuang Chicken in Loess Plateau
Pengxian Yellow Chicken, Wuding Chicken, Lin Dian Chicken and Dagu Chicken in the southwest mountainous area and northeast area.
Beijing Oil Chicken, Shouguang Chicken and Jining Chicken in Huanghuai Sea Area
Southeast Pudong Chicken, Xianju Chicken, Xiaoshan Chicken, Baierhuang Chicken, Chongren Chicken, Hejiang Chicken, Huiyang Lake Cooked Chicken, Xinghua Chicken, Qingyuan Chicken, Xia Yan Chicken, Taoyuan Chicken, Gushi Chicken, Li Yong Chicken, Nanyuan Chicken and Langshan Chicken.
There are three kinds of high-quality Chai chicken varieties in China, which are introduced in detail below.
1, producing chicken breeds with consistent performance, body shape and appearance.
This kind of chickens tend to breed and support themselves in places where they are used to raising monochrome chickens or areas with inconvenient transportation, so as to keep their characteristics. The former, such as the custom of raising black chickens in Matang, Dongchahe, Jiangsu, forms the origin of black Langshan chickens, while the latter, such as Hejiang, Longyan, Fujian.
Most of these chicken breeds have established breeding farms for breeding or conservation, such as Beijing You Chicken, Dagu Chicken (Zhuanghe Chicken), Green Shell Chicken, Langshan Chicken, Luyuan Chicken, Liyang Chicken, Shouguang Chicken, Taihe Silky Chicken, Huiyang Hu Chicken and Gushi Chicken.
2 chicken breeds with great differences in production performance, body shape and appearance.
This kind of chicken breeds can be said to be the vast majority of high-quality local chicken breeds in China. Xianju chicken in Zhejiang, for example, belongs to the type of laying hens in terms of body structure and nerve type, but its coat color is very different, and it has been cultivated in both directions of meat and eggs in recent years. 1976, Jiangsu Poultry Science Research Institute bought more than 200 yellow and ephedra feathered male hens in the production area for phenotypic homozygous mating, but 5% of their offspring were white-feather chickens or white-collar chickens. After three generations of strict breeding of yellow feather chicken, the white feather gene was eliminated. In fact, there are yellow feather, white feather, Henaan chicken and even yellow feather silky fowl.
Many high-quality native chicken varieties in China are famous for their big size, but in fact, the big ones in the producing areas are a few. Large, medium and small mixed breeds, it is difficult to purify chicken breeds if they are not clear. For this kind of chicken, a lot of purification and breeding work is needed.
3. Original types of chicken breeds
There are few local chickens, mainly Yunnan Camellia oleifera chicken and tibetan chicken. These chickens walk fast, are good at jumping, have long tails and plump chest muscles. Tibetan chicken likes to live on the roof beam at night, with little egg production, and can tolerate the living conditions in plateau areas. From the perspective of economic use, most local chicken breeds in China belong to dual-purpose type. Some of them are mainly used for meat, such as meat, eggs and ornamental or medicinal varieties. The high-quality native chicken mentioned in this book mainly refers to the excellent native chicken used as meat.
Chai chicken breed chicken pictures daquan
First, Xianju Chicken (also known as Meilin Chicken)
Origin (or distribution): Xianju, Zhejiang and its neighboring places such as Linhai, Tiantai and Huangyan.
Main features: it is a small laying hen breed. Xianju chicken can be divided into yellow, flower, white and other coat colors. At present, the breeding goal of the breeding farm is to focus on cultivating yellow chicken breeds. The appearance characteristics of the yellow chicken breed are briefly described as follows: the breed has compact body structure, high tail feathers, upright single crown, short brown beak and yellow toes, and a few Gastrels have small feathers. 32.7 grams of newborn cock and 3 1.6 grams of hen. 180-day-old cock weight1256g, hen weight 953g. Slaughter determination: 3-month-old cock has a semi-clean chamber of 8 1.5% and a full clean chamber of 70.0%; Six-month-old cock's semi-clean bore is 82.7%, total clean bore is 765438 0%, hen's semi-clean bore is 82.96%, and total clean bore is 72.2%. The first day of laying eggs is 180 days, and the annual egg production is 160 ~ 180. The tallest eggs can reach more than 200, and the eggs weigh about 42 grams. The shell color is mainly light brown and the egg shape index is 1.36.
Second, white-eared yellow chicken (also known as white-eared silver chicken, Jiangshan white-eared chicken, Shangrao white-eared chicken)
Origin (or distribution): mainly produced in Guangfeng, Shangrao and Yushan counties in Shangrao, Jiangxi Province and Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province.
Main characteristics: it is a rare early-maturing white-eared chicken breed in China. White-eared yellow chicken takes the appearance characteristics of "three yellows and one white" as the standard, that is, yellow feathers, yellow beak, yellow feet and white ears, large ear leaves, silvery white, like white peach petals, golden iridescence, slightly curved beak, yellow or grayish yellow, yellow feathers all over the body, upright single crown, yellow skin and skin of male hens, and no shin hair. The average birth weight is 37 grams, the average age of first birth is 150 days, and there are 180 eggs per year, the egg weight is 54 grams, the shell thickness is 0.34 ~ 0.38 mm, and the egg shape index is 1.35 ~ 1.38.
Third, Langshan Chicken
Origin (or distribution): produced in Rudong, Jiangsu.
Main features: Chicken is an egg and meat. There are two types of body shapes: heavy and light, and strong. The feather color of Langshan chicken is divided into pure black, yellow and white, and now it mainly retains the black chicken variety. The chicken's head is short and round, its face, ears and meat are bright red, and its skin is white and its shin is black. Some chickens have crests and hairy feet. The adult weight of 500-day-old cock is 2840 grams, and that of hen is 2283 grams. 6.5-month-old slaughter test: cock's semi-clean chamber is about 82.8%, hen's semi-clean chamber is about 76%, hen's semi-clean chamber is 80%, and hen's whole chamber is 69%. Oviposition per year 135 ~ 175, reaching 252, with an average egg weight of 58.7 grams.
Four, big bone chicken (also known as Zhuanghe chicken)
Origin (or distribution): mainly produced in zhuanghe city, Liaoning Province, but also distributed in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and other provinces.
Main features: it is an egg and meat variety. Bone-boned chicken is big, with deep and wide chest, wide and long back, high and stout legs, large and stocky abdomen, and is famous for its big body, big eggs and delicious taste. Strong foraging ability. The cock's feathers are reddish brown, and its tail feathers are black and metallic. Hens are mostly hemp yellow, with thick head and neck, big and bright eyes, single crown and red crown, and fleshy drooping ears. Beaks, shins and toes are all yellow. The adult weight of cock is 2900-3750g, and that of hen is 2300g. The average age of laying eggs for the first time is 2 13 days, the average annual egg production is about 164, and the height can reach more than 180. The average egg weight is 62-64g, the shell is dark brown and the egg shape index is 1.35.
Five, Beijing oil chicken
Origin (or distribution): Datun and Wali in Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the adjacent Haidian and Qinghe.
Main features: it belongs to both meat and eggs. It is famous for its delicious meat and high-quality eggs. Beijing oil chicken is of medium size, with reddish-brown feathers (commonly known as purple hair) and small size; Yellow feather (commonly known as plain yellow) chicken is slightly bigger. Newborn chicks are covered with yellowish or khaki down feathers, with obvious crown feathers, shin feathers and bearded feathers, and their bodies are round. Adult chicken feathers are thick and fluffy, with crown feathers and shin feathers. Some individuals have toes, feathers and five toes, and many individuals have beards under their jaws and cheeks. Fatty chicken grows slowly, weighing 38.4 grams at birth, 2049 grams for cock and 0/.730 grams for hen. Slaughter determination: the semi-clean room of adult cock is 83.5%, and the total clean room is 76.6%; The semi-clean chamber of hens is 70.7%, and the full clean chamber is 64.6%. Sexual maturity is late, and hens lay eggs at the age of 7 months. The annual egg production is1125, the average egg weight is 56g, the eggshell thickness is 0.325mm, the eggshell is brown, with individual lavender, and the egg shape index is 1.32.
6. Pudong Chicken (also known as Jiujin Yellow)
Origin (or distribution): produced in Shanghai Nanhui, Fengxian, Chuansha and other places. Because it is produced in the vast area east of Huangpu River, it is named Pudong Chicken.
Main features: it belongs to both meat and eggs, large in size and slow-feathered. Cock feathers have yellow chest and yellow back, red chest and red back and black chest and red back. Hens are different shades of yellow, and there are black spots at the end or edge of feathers, thus forming a dark hemp or light hemp color. The cock stands upright with a single crown, while the hen's crown is smaller and sometimes her teeth are unclear. The newborn weighs 36.4 grams, the adult cock weighs 3550 grams and the hen weighs 2840 grams. Slaughter determination: 12-month-old cocks have a semi-clean bore of 85. 1 1% and a full clean bore of 80.06%; The semi-clean chamber of hens is 84.76%, and the full clean chamber is 77.32%. The average age of delivery was 208 days, which was 150 days earlier and 294 days later. The average annual egg production is130,216, which is 86% lower. Eggs weigh 57.9 grams, and the eggshells are mostly brown and light brown.
Seven, Shouguang Chicken (also known as Lentz Chicken)
Origin (or distribution): produced in Shouguang County, Shandong Province.
Main features: This chicken is a breed with both eggs and meat. There are two kinds of longevity chickens: large and medium; There are a few small ones. The big Shouguang chicken is magnificent in appearance, tall and square. Adult chickens are covered with black feathers, and some parts are dark black and shiny green. Single crown, cock crown is large and erect; Hens' crowns vary in size, their necks and toes are grayish black, and their skin is white. The newborn weighs 42.4 grams, the adult cock weighs 3609 grams, the hen weighs 3305 grams, the medium-sized cock weighs 2875 grams, and the hen weighs 2335 grams. Slaughter determination: the cock's semi-clean chamber is 82.5%, the total clean chamber is 77.65438 0%, the hen's semi-clean chamber is 85.4%, and the total clean chamber is 80.7%. The laying period of large chickens is more than 240 days, and that of medium-sized chickens 145 days. The annual egg production of large chickens is 1 17.5, and that of medium-sized chickens is 122.5. Large eggs weigh 65-75g, and medium-sized chickens weigh 60g. Egg shape index of large chicken 1.32, medium chicken 1.3 1, eggshell thickness of large chicken 0.36 mm and medium chicken 0.358 mm The shell color is brown, the eggshell thickness is 0.36 mm, and the egg shape index is 1.32.
Eight, Wenshang Lu Hua Chicken
Origin (or distribution): Wenshang County, Shandong Province and its vicinity, hence the name.
Main features: Chicken's body feathers are black and white, with horizontal spots, and the people commonly call it "Lu Hua Chicken". The body shape is the same, and the body shape is "Yuanbao". Cross-spotted feathers, mostly black and white, are uniform in width and stripes. The edge of the hen's head and neck feathers is inlaid with orange or khaki, and the feathers are tight. Cock neck feathers and saddle feathers are mostly red, and tail feathers are black with green luster. There are more single crowns, but fewer double crowns, rose crowns, pea crowns and strawberry crowns. The base of the beak is black, and the edges and tips are white. Rainbow orange. The color of tibia is mainly white. The color of claws is mostly white. The skin is white. Adult weight of cock1.4 0.13kg, adult weight of hen1.26 0.18kg. 6-month-old slaughter test: the semi-clean bore of cock is 865438 0.24%, and that of hen is 80%; The clean bore of cock is 7 1.2 1%, and that of hen is 68.9%. The delivery age was 150— 180 days. Oviposition per year 130- 150, and under good feeding conditions 180-200, the height can reach more than 250. The average weight of eggs is 45 grams, and the shell color is mostly pink, and a few are white. Egg shape index 1.32.
Nine, Turpan chicken
Origin (or distribution): Turpan, Shanshan and Toksun in Xinjiang.
Main features: it belongs to cockfighting type, with mixed coat colors, including black, light hemp and chestnut brown. Tall, burly, strong, plump, shiny and beautiful. The top of the head is wide, flat and long. The beak is short, curved and strong. The crown is a compound crown, short and deep red. The earlobe and pulp are red. There are black or mixed red feathers on the chest, short tail feathers, high cock sickle feathers, mostly black tail feathers with turquoise luster. The calf is long and straight, and it is flesh-colored. Gaskin has feathers outside. The birth weight is 39 grams, the adult cock is 4 ~ 4.5 kilograms, and the hen is 3 ~ 3.5 kilograms. Slaughter test: 65 ~ 70% of cocks have clean chambers. 2 10 ~ 270 days, laying 60 ~ 80 eggs a year, with an average egg weight of 65 grams, reaching 85 grams. Eggshells are mostly light brown.