1. Xia Ju
Xia Ju, scientific name: chrysanthemum, alias: Shouke, Jinying, Huanghua, etc. It is a compositae plant, compositae. Can be used for treating apoplexy stagnation, tinea eyebrow in children, and postauricular ulcer (erosive ulcer).
2. Qiuju
Autumn chrysanthemum, also known as chrysanthemum, alias Jiuhua, Huanghua and Ding Chrysanthemum, Latin scientific name: chrysanthemum (Ramat. Tzvel, a perennial herb of Compositae and Chrysanthemum; One of the four gentlemen in flowers. Perennial compositae herbs, rare ornamental flowers, also known as artistic chrysanthemum, have reached more than a thousand species, with diverse styles and complex varieties. Propagation can be carried out by cutting, rameting, grafting, tissue culture and so on.
Qiuju is one of the top ten famous flowers in China. It has been cultivated in China for more than 3,000 years and was introduced to Europe in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. People in China like chrysanthemums very much. Since the Song Dynasty, there has been an annual gathering of autumn chrysanthemums among the people. In ancient myths and legends, autumn chrysanthemum is endowed with the meaning of good luck and longevity. Many poets and painters in the past dynasties took autumn chrysanthemum as their theme, which left many excellent works for people and spread for a long time.
3. Chrysanthemum morifolium
Cold chrysanthemum is also called winter chrysanthemum. The flowering period is 65438+ February of the following year to 65438+ 10. Because it opens in late autumn, it is called.
Chrysanthemum (Latin name: chrysanthemum (Ramat. )Tzvel。 ): In plant taxonomy, it is a perennial herb of Compositae and Chrysanthemum. According to the cultivation form, it can be divided into many cultivation types, such as multi-headed chrysanthemum, single-headed chrysanthemum, dahlia, cliff chrysanthemum, artistic chrysanthemum, desk chrysanthemum and so on. According to the appearance of petals, it can be divided into garden hug, retreat hug, reverse hug, disorderly hug, happy hug, flying hug and other cultivation types. Different types of chrysanthemums are named after different varieties.
Extended data:
growing environment
Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant, which can blossom early under short-day conditions. Love sunshine, avoid shade, be more drought-tolerant and be afraid of waterlogging. I like the warm and humid climate, but I can also resist the cold. Roots can overwinter underground in severe winter. Flowers can withstand slight frost, but higher temperature is needed for seedling growth and bud formation. The optimum growth temperature is about 20℃.
Chrysanthemum has strong adaptability, likes cold and is cold-resistant. The optimum growth temperature is 18-2 1℃, the highest is 32℃, and the lowest is 10℃. The low temperature tolerance limit of underground rhizomes is generally-10℃. The lowest night temperature at flowering stage is 17℃, and it can be reduced to 15- 13℃ at flowering stage (middle and late stage). I like plenty of sunshine, but I also tolerate shade a little. More resistant to dry, the most taboo waterlogging. I like sandy loam, which is located in Gao Qian, with deep soil layer, rich humus, loose fertility and good drainage. It can grow in slightly acidic to neutral soil, and the pH value is 6.2-6.7. Avoid continuous cropping. Autumn chrysanthemum is a long-night plant, and its stems and leaves grow nutritionally under the long sunshine of 14.5 hours every day. Darkness of 12 hours per day and night temperature of 100 degrees Celsius are suitable for flower bud development. But different varieties have different reactions to sunlight.
geographical distribution
Chrysanthemums are distributed in towns and villages in China, especially in Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Tianjin, Kaifeng, Wuhan, Chengdu, Changsha, Xiangtan, Xi, Shenyang, Guangzhou and Xiaolan Town, Zhongshan. Around the 8th century, chrysanthemum as an ornamental flower spread from China to Japan, and was regarded as the national emblem of Japan. At the end of 17, Dutch merchants introduced China chrysanthemum to Europe, to France in 18 and to North America in the middle of 19. Since then, chrysanthemums in China have spread all over the world.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-chrysanthemum