Family hydroponic vegetable planting, more popular in recent years, because hydroponic vegetables can be a flower cultivation and cultivation, but also can grow a sustainable harvest and can be eaten clean fresh and pollution-free vegetables, can be said to be a two-in-one.
In addition to this, hydroponically grown vegetables are relatively simple to grow and manage, with a relatively low incidence of pests and diseases, so most people can either use a foam box/thick hose and other containers in the yard or on the balcony for a small-scale simple planting, or they can buy professional hydroponics equipment to carry out large-scale planting to improve the increase in revenue.
Maybe some people will ask: what is hydroponic vegetable planting? What are the benefits and advantages of growing vegetables in hydroponics over soil growing? Hydroponic vegetables good planting, good management? Hydroponic vegetables how to sow seedlings, how to planting management? What are the tips for planting and managing hydroponic vegetables? Why do the hydroponic vegetables grown by myself often grow not fast and not well? For those who like hydroponic vegetables planting friends, today agronomy small basket will give you an explanation of hydroponic vegetables planting (PS: agronomy small basket usually also planted some hydroponic flowers and vegetables, except that I am planting these plants hydroponically planted in the fish crate, ornamental fish and hydroponics plant **** life **** long and do not need to specialize in the use of nutrient or fertilizer solution).
I. What is hydroponic growing of vegetables?
Simply put, hydroponic vegetable cultivation is also known as "vegetable hydroponics planting", "vegetable soilless cultivation planting", is the use of specific equipment to create a specific environment (to maintain the stability of the environmental conditions of water, fertilizer, gas, heat, etc.), and then the vegetable Planted in a relatively closed space in the water (mainly the root system of the vegetables immersed in the water to allow the absorption of nutrients from the water to grow normally), and then use a specific nutrient solution or liquid fertilizer to supply nutrients to promote the growth of a soilless planting mode.
Second, what are the outstanding advantages of vegetable hydroponic planting?
We usually see the vegetables we eat, most of them are grown from arable soil, and hydroponic vegetables are grown from the water, relative to the vegetable soil planting, vegetable hydroponics planting has the following three outstanding advantages:
(a) hydroponics planting of vegetables is more convenient to harvest, edible taste quality is more tender.
In the case of temperature and light, hydroponic vegetables can be planted throughout the year, and hydroponic vegetables can be realized at any time fresh vegetables planted, harvested at any time, at any time to eat, and compared to the soil planted out of vegetables, hydroponics vegetables to eat a more tender and crisp taste.
Note: Compared to the soil out of the vegetables, vegetables grown from water, although more clean and safe to eat and more tender and crisp in taste (hydroponics vegetables succulent tender), but hydroponics vegetables in the taste is not as strong as soil out of the vegetables (hydroponics vegetables vegetables tastes lighter), and at the same time hydroponics vegetables in the harvest degree of storage and transportation is not as good as soil out of the vegetables to store (not storage). The vegetables in hydroponics are less resistant to storage than soil-grown vegetables (not resistant to storage, not resistant to transportation, and more prone to wilting or rotting if left for long periods of time).
(2) Hydroponic vegetables are greener, cleaner and safer.
On the one hand, hydroponics vegetables are generally planted throughout the use of clean recycled water, so it will not have soil planting of heavy metal pollution residues and nitrate content exceeding the standard and other issues (isolation of soil pollution); on the other hand, hydroponics vegetables do not rely on soil planting, it will not be because of the heavy planting obstacles, soil-borne pests and diseases and other issues such as pesticides frequently used, hydroponics vegetables are generally in the space of a relatively Hydroponic vegetables are generally grown in relatively closed temperature-controlled greenhouses, home balconies and other conditions (more precise and stable control of the growth environment), it will not be because of bad weather, pests and diseases, and the frequent use of pesticides such as pesticides fungicides/insecticides/herbicides/growth regulators and other pesticides for the reason of drug weeding, and there will be no residual pollution of the external air, so it is in the vegetable green safety and quality is higher.
(3) Hydroponic vegetables grow faster, have a shorter harvesting period, and have a higher yield.
Because hydroponic vegetables are generally used directly in the reasonable preparation of nutrient solution to provide water fertilizer nutrients, so compared to soil-grown vegetables, hydroponic vegetables root absorption of water fertilizer nutrients more directly, more rapidly, more adequate and more balanced and stable (nutrient supply is sufficient and stable and absorption of the utilization rate is high), therefore, hydroponic vegetables grow faster, higher yields, for example, hydroponic cultivation of leafy greens are generally After planting the fastest more than a month can be harvested (fast growth, short harvest period), and can be most of the green leafy vegetables can be realized in a continuous multi-crop harvest (continuous harvest, higher yield).
Three, vegetable hydroponics planting suitable for planting what kinds of vegetables?
Perhaps a lot of friends who like to grow vegetables on the balcony will ask: I would like to try to grow hydroponic vegetables, but I do not know which vegetables are more suitable for hydroponic planting? It doesn't matter if you don't know, the agronomy small basket to tell you which vegetables are more suitable for hydroponic planting.
First of all, the most suitable for hydroponics planting, hydroponics planting management is the most simple and easy to manage types of vegetables are green leafy vegetables (short growing period, fast growth, fast harvest, hydroponics is simple, hydroponics space demand is small, water, fertilizer, temperature, and light management requirements are low), for example, lettuce (if you have never been planted, but would like to plant hydroponics vegetables, agronomy small basket recommended that we plant the most suitable for hydroponics planting of lettuce to practice first), Cabbage, spinach, oilseed rape, celery, kale, chard, mullein, amaranth, and so on.
This kind of vegetables is more suitable for no hydroponics growing experience and not much experience in hydroponics growing novice friends planting (such as small family yard, balcony, foam box hydroponics growing).
Secondly, hydroponics planting management is slightly difficult vegetables are mainly root block vegetables and flowering and fruiting vegetables (long growing period, slow growth, long harvest period, hydroponics planting difficulty, hydroponics space needs, water, fertilizer, temperature and light management requirements are high, there is not a certain hydroponics planting management experience in agronomy small backpacks recommended to go to the hydroponics of green leafy vegetables), such as the root block of vegetables onions, Radish, garlic, garlic seedlings, onion seedlings, etc. (hydroponics planting management is relatively simple), such as flowering and fruiting class of cucumbers, tomatoes, strawberries, peppers, etc. (hydroponics planting management is more complex).
This type of vegetable is more suitable for friends who have some experience in hydroponics planting or those who specialize in hydroponics vegetable planting.
Four, vegetable hydroponics planting need to focus on what problems?
Many friends who have tried or are growing vegetables in hydroponics often say: why is my own hydroponics planting of vegetables is not good or not as good as other people's hydroponics planting out of the vegetables? The reason is actually very simple, the main reason is that we do not have a good grasp of the planting and management of vegetable hydroponics technical points, or do not pay attention to some of the details of vegetable hydroponics planting and management.
In this agronomy small basket suggests that we focus on the following issues when growing vegetables in hydroponics:
(a) on the use of nutrient solution hydroponics vegetable skills
Vegetable hydroponics planting is a core element of the nutrient solution (equivalent to the soil planting vegetables in the process of fertilizer) the choice and use.
Many people do not grow good hydroponic vegetables, a big reason is the improper use of nutrient solution or will not use the nutrient solution, because completely detached from the soil of hydroponic vegetables root system needs nutrients from the water to draw, and planting hydroponic vegetables in the water does not have a variety of nutrients in the soil species (need to be manually purchased or manually prepared nutrient supplementation of the road to the water to work).
①Novice planting hydroponic vegetables friends, agronomy small basket suggests directly buy finished nutrient solution (according to leafy vegetables, root tuber vegetables, flowering and fruiting vegetables to buy different formulations of nutrient solution, because different types of vegetables on the demand for nutrients and the proportion of the demand is different, we use nutrient supplementation to nutrient to "according to the period required to cast their own good"); there is a nutrient solution to replenish nutrients in the water, but also to replenish nutrients. "(Only); hydroponics planting experience friends can formulate their own nutrient solution or buy finished water-soluble fertilizer (or dilute the fertilizer by a certain proportion of dissolved preparation), hydroponics vegetables used in the fertilizer mainly to the full elements of water-soluble fertilizer-based (generally diluted 500 times diluted with water and used), this water-soluble fertilizer contains not only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the three basic nutrients, but also contains the crop growth and development of boron, calcium, calcium and calcium, which are needed for the growth and development of the crop. This water-soluble fertilizer not only contains the three basic nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also contains the nutrients of boron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and other microelements needed for crop growth and development.
General hydroponic vegetables formulated nutrient solution commonly used fertilizers are calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, nitric acid, magnesium sulfate, potassium silicate, potassium phosphate, chelated iron, chelated calcium, chelated copper, chelated magnesium, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and so on.
② hydroponic vegetables using nutrient solution, it is recommended that the use of phosphorus-containing, potassium-containing, calcium-containing, magnesium-containing liquid fertilizer a little more, if you want to let the vegetable stems and leaves grow fast and good or to solve the problem of the whole seedling plant up and down the yellowing can be the focus of supplemental nitrogen to promote the flowering and fruiting of the vegetables can be supplemented with phosphorus before and after the flowering of supplemental potassium boron and calcium, if the vegetable leaves are small can be supplemented magnesium supplemental zinc, if the vegetables upper leaf blade leaf flesh is yellowish-white vein green Focus on iron, if the vegetables lower leaf blade leaf flesh yellow leaf veins green focus on supplementing magnesium, if the top leaf blade thick hard brittle shoot shoot tip necrosis on supplementing boron, if the vegetables lower old leaf tip and leaf edge scorched on supplementing potassium, if the vegetables lower old leaf red or dark green on supplementing phosphorus and so on (the above are agronomy small basket to summarize the symptoms of the lack of vegetables in the process of growth).
3 hydroponic vegetables nutrient solution or fertilizer use, generally according to the length of the vegetable growth period to supplement the replacement, the general vegetables and vegetables to use 2-4 times during the growth period of the nutrient solution or fertilizer, if it is a shorter period of time, a one-time harvest of leafy vegetables during the growth period, only 1-2 times the use of nutrient solution can be, if it is a longer period of time, the need for continuous harvesting of eggplant and fruit vegetables during the growth period You need to use the nutrient solution 3-3 times consecutively (or use it every 2-3 weeks, or replenish the nutrient solution once every harvest).
Note: Do not think that the frequent use of nutrient solution for hydroponic vegetables is a good thing, this, on the contrary, is likely to lead to root damage or poor growth of hydroponic vegetables.
(2) about hydroponic vegetables water skills
vegetable hydroponic planting, must use clean water in order to plant a vigorous growth, high yield and quality of hydroponic vegetables.
Poor water quality and using stagnant water to grow hydroponic vegetables is a big no-no.
The so-called clean water, one is the water quality should be fresh and clean, the second is the pH value of the water to try to be neutral or weakly acidic (PH about between 6-6.5 or so can be).
The so-called use of living water, that is, planting hydroponic vegetables to let the vegetable root system around the water circulation flow up, not circulating not flow of stagnant water is not good vegetables.
Because the root system of hydroponic vegetables is immersed in water, so the respiratory needs of hydroponic vegetables root system is mainly through the circulation of the body of water flow into the oxygen (root absorption is dissolved in the water dissolved in oxygen) supply, if the planting of hydroponic vegetables in the water are stagnant, then the vegetable root system will be because of the lack of absorption of oxygen (can not breathe normally inventory) and the emergence of rotting roots, dead and other problems.
If you don't mind the hassle, you can also change the fresh water or stir the water frequently (which will be more troublesome and cumbersome to operate) can also achieve the effect of supplementing the oxygen in the water to the vegetable root system.
The method of water circulation is also very simple, according to the hydroponics area and the size of the water body to buy a suitable size of the pump cycle pumping water on the line (I am planting hydroponics plants in the fish crate, so the use of fish used in the 25-watt pumps, dozens of dollars a).
The nutrient solution not only supplies the water and nutrients necessary for the growth of vegetables, but also needs to supply the dissolved oxygen needed for vegetable root respiration.
Therefore, in the cultivation pool must be installed in the oxygenation facilities, increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution in a timely manner, which is extremely important for the cultivation of hydroponic vegetables.
(C) on the hydroponic vegetable seeding and planting
①According to the previous agrotechnical small basket often introduced to the seed disinfection and sterilization methods and seeding methods, the first heat preservation and humidity germination, and so on the vegetable seed white germination sowing into the seedling tray or seedling bowl.
②Wait until the vegetable seeds seedlings using 1000 times the nutrient solution to increase the supply of nutrients, and is planting vegetable seedlings of the nutrient bowl 2/3 immersed in water, keep replenishing the new water every day, wait until the vegetables have to grow out of 2-3 pieces of it can be prepared for transplanting and planting.
Note: Vegetable seedlings should pay attention to keep the daytime 20-25 degrees, night 12-16 degrees or so.
③Separate the vegetable seedlings to be planted one by one, and then plant them one by one into the hydroponic tank, planting plate or planting basket (you can buy the finished product directly), and pay attention to let the root system of the vegetable seedlings pass through the bottom of the planting plate or the planting basket (to facilitate the fixation of the root system) because the root system of the vegetable seedlings is not supported by putting them in the water directly and easy to fall down. After planting into the planting board or planting basket, we can use coarse gravel, ceramics, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sponge strips, nano-balls, etc. to fill and fix the root system (all the materials that can fix the root system of vegetables are basically OK, and we recommend using lighter filling and fixing materials).
If the planting of vine vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, eggplants, etc.), then the late hydroponic vegetables to grow taller but also timely construction of a fixed bracket so that they can be afraid of the frame growth and successful flowering and fruiting.
(D) on the daily management of hydroponic vegetables
Hydroponic vegetables need to maintain sufficient light.
Family yard planting of hydroponic vegetables is relatively simple, open-air natural acceptance of light can be, balcony planting of hydroponic vegetables to pay attention to the sunny side of the balcony in order to increase the light, large-scale professional cultivation of greenhouse greenhouse planting of hydroponic vegetables as much as possible to be able to use artificial supplemental lighting equipment.
2 hydroponic vegetables need to maintain regular ventilation and flexible regulation of the growth temperature (phased control of different temperature environment), this point needless to say, before the agricultural technology small basket in the various types of vegetable planting management articles have been repeatedly introduced to you many times.
Other things such as pruning and branching, vegetable flowers and fruits and other management can be operated normally.
Generally simple planting of hydroponic vegetables focus on the above points on the line, until the hydroponic vegetables grow to maturity harvesting period (such as lettuce planting generally after a month to grow into the harvest), this time in time to harvest on it, the need for continuous harvesting of vegetables generally harvested only on the water stem and leaves can be left underwater roots continue to grow stems and leaves in order to be able to continue harvesting.
Well, on the planting of hydroponic vegetables, agrotechnical small basket will tell you so much, if you also like to plant hydroponic vegetables, may wish to find a foam box or buy a crate on the balcony, small yard in their own hands to plant some try, it is also a good way to relax, cultivate the body and mind.
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