Family classification
Angiosperms subphylum, dicotyledonous plants, Cucurbitaceae, Cucurbitaceae, watermelon
Annual trailing herbaceous plants. The fruit is crisp and tender, sweet and juicy, rich in mineral salts and a variety of vitamins, is the main summer fruit. Watermelon heat relief, on the treatment of nephritis, diabetes and cystitis and other diseases have complementary therapeutic effects. The rind can be pickled, candied fruit, jam and feed. Seed oil content of up to 50%, can be pressed oil, fried food or as a pastry ingredient.
Characteristics: watermelon main root system, the main root is more than 1 meter deep, the root group is mainly distributed in the 20 cm - 30 cm of the cultivated layer, the root is slender and easy to break, regeneration is weak, intolerant of transplantation. Fruits are globular, ovoid, ellipsoidal, cylindrical and so on. Fruit surface is smooth or furrowed, epidermis greenish white, green, dark green, dark green, black, with fine reticulation or stripes. The flesh is creamy white, light yellow, dark yellow, light red, big red and other colors. The flesh is divided into tight and sandy flesh.
Cultivation: watermelon likes hot and dry climate. The appropriate temperature for growth is 25 to 30 ℃, 6 to 10 ℃ is susceptible to cold damage. The average monthly temperature of 19 ℃ above the month of the year more than 3 months of the region is feasible for open field cultivation. Is a long day plants, like strong light, light saturation point of 80,000 lux. Suitable for hot and dry climate, strong drought tolerance, requires well-drained, deep sandy loam soil.
The plant has a good soil condition and is suitable for dry and hot climates.
Place of origin Most parts of the country can be cultivated. Yishui County, Shandong Province, forty miles store, Laixi, Shandong Province, there are a large number of cultivation, Laixi City, Hetoudian town produced Nanlan watermelon to flesh sand, sweet flavor, water, nutrient-rich and famous.
Uses Watermelon fruit is the main fruit in summer. In addition to a large amount of water in the mature fruit, the flesh sugar content is generally 5 to 12%, including glucose, fructose and sucrose. Sweetness increases with the increase of sucrose in the late ripening period. It does not contain starch, and the sweetness will be reduced due to the hydrolysis of disaccharide to monosaccharide during storage after harvest. Melon seeds can be used as tea, melon rind can be processed into watermelon sauce. In Chinese medicine to melon juice and melon rind into medicine, function of summer heat relief.
Can be called the king of melons, because in the Han Dynasty when introduced from the West, so called watermelon. Watermelon is also a cucurbitaceae annual herbaceous plants, native to Africa, except for a few remote cold areas, all over the country are planted, the fruit taste sweet and cold.
Watermelon is the typical fruit of summer, but also the main fruit of summer, in the blazing summer or sweltering tropical night, as long as there is a frozen watermelon, it will have the effect of eliminating summer heat.
Varieties: watermelon to use different, can be divided into three categories: ordinary watermelon, melon melon, small watermelon black beauty: oval, small melon, melon skin pure black. Seedless watermelon: round, melon rind flower strip. Flower skin watermelon: oval, large melon, melon skin light green and dark green.
Tips for selecting watermelons
Look: For flower-skinned melons, the lines should be clear, and the depth should be distinct; for black-skinned melons, the skin should be black with luster. No matter what kind of melon, melon tip, melon umbilicus part of the inward concave, vine handle down close to the melon skin, near the tip of the thick green, is a sign of maturity. Touch the skin of the melon with your thumb, feel the skin smooth and hard for a good melon, melon skin sticky or soft for the second melon. The higher the maturity of the watermelon, the lighter its weight. Generally the same size of the watermelon, to the light is good, too heavy is raw melon. Listen Hold the watermelon in your hand and gently tap it with your fingers to make a "dong, dong" sound, and the hand that holds the melon feels a little trembling, so it is a ripe melon; a "sudden, sudden" sound is a reflection of the higher maturity; a "poof, poof" sound is an overripe watermelon. The sound of "puh, puh" is a reflection of higher maturity; the sound of "puh, puh" is overripe melon; the sound of "tah, tah" is a raw melon.
Misconceptions about watermelon selection
1, listen to the sound: people generally believe that listening to the sound, you can pick out a good watermelon. Various types of watermelon can be selected by listening. In fact, different watermelons have different sounds because of the thickness of the skin and the toughness of the skin.
2, look at the bottom of the melon: people generally believe that the bottom of the melon is yellow, it must be a ripe melon. In fact, sometimes when planting because the bottom of the melon does not see the light, so, may be in the three, four cooked when, has been yellow
Pick the right way to pick the watermelon:
1, choose the high quality of the ground varieties: watermelon on the market is more, small watermelon has a small orchid, the black beauty, medium-sized watermelon 8424, 8714, etc., the large-scale watermelon general coast is less eaten. Buy melon when to specify the varieties may be able to receive unexpected results.
2, listen to the sound: small watermelon currently flower skin is generally more brittle skin, if you hear a more crisp sound can be, more montage may not be ripe. And other skin colors such as black beauty, because the skin is thicker, it sounds like a little bit of Meng, if it sounds like a winter melon is certainly not ripe
3, look at the skin color: in general, the ripe watermelon is generally smoother, glossy, if you look at it there is still bristles, it means that the ripeness of this melon may be insufficient
4, look at the pattern: after the ripening of the flower skin melon, the pattern of general If it is still tightly packed, it will not work.
5, look at the melon vine: now melon farmers in order to show the beauty of the melon, generally will leave the melon vine sales, as long as to see the section of the raw melon ground tendrils if the hair of the charred, then it can be. If it is not, the ripeness of the melon is not good enough.
It is cool and not greasy, watermelon is flavorful, and the meat is fluffy.
About watermelon life knowledge
China's current watermelon production area is divided into north and south, the south of Hainan Island as the main producing areas, Hainan Island, according to its unique climate year-round production of watermelon. North to Hubei for the main watermelon production areas, mainly concentrated in the city of Xiangfan Yicheng area. Yicheng city produced "water brand watermelon" after more than a decade of brand promotion water watermelon has been a nationally renowned watermelon brand, by the majority of consumers.