1. Rootstock culture. Rootstocks used for young shoot grafting: ⑴ It is best to use Tang pear seedlings cultivated in the previous year. If this kind of rootstock is grafted with young shoots in May, seedlings with a height of more than 1.3 meters can be cultivated that year. ⑵ Take cuttings in early spring. Combined with hard branch grafting in early spring, cut the Tang pear seedlings into 15-20 cm long cuttings for cutting. ⑶Sow seedlings that year. It is necessary to strengthen fertilizer and water management, early cultivation and early growth, and strive to reach the standards for grafting anvils as soon as possible.

2. Grafting

1. Time. Available from early May to mid-September, avoid rainy days. The specific operation should be arranged according to the development level of the scion and rootstock. The standard is: the thickness of the rootstock should be more than 0.5 cm and robust; the scion should be the new unlignified or semi-lignified branches of that year.

2. Storage of scions. Remove the leaves from the cut scions immediately, wrap them in wet cloth, and graft them in time. If the scion cannot be used up on the same day, wrap it in a damp cloth or wet sack and store it in a cool place indoors.

3. Grafting method. Generally, two types are used: cut splicing and split splicing. ⑴ Cutting method. Cut the rootstock: Cut it 5-10 cm near the ground, with a slight part of the xylem on one side of the section, and cut it vertically with a knife. The depth is slightly shorter than the long bevel of the scion by about 1 mm. Pruning of scions: In order to save scions, it is advisable to cut off one bud per scion. Therefore, the length of the scion is determined by the length of the internode between the two buds. A long bevel is cut on the side of the bud, and then a short bevel is cut on the back of the bevel to make the lower end of the scion into a flat wedge shape. Inserting the scion: Quickly insert the shaved scion (with the long bevel inward) into the cut of the stock, so that the cut of the stock completely matches the cut of the scion, and the cambium layers of the two are aligned. If the stockpiles are of different thicknesses, the cambium must be aligned on one side. Bandaging: Use a film to tightly seal the cross section of the rootstock, the exposed white part of the scion, and the cut at the top of the scion, but not too tightly, otherwise the tender branches of the scion will be easily broken. ⑵Cleft splicing method. The cleft grafting method is basically the same as the cutting grafting method. The difference is that the rootstock is cut vertically and longitudinally from the center of the cross section, and an equal-length bevel is cut on both sides of the lower end of the scion. Other steps are the same as for cutover. Key points of management measures after pear tree grafting

①Replenish the grafting in time. It is necessary to check at any time within half a month after grafting, and the membrane that has been pecked by birds or the grafted buds that are not tightly tied must be re-tied in time to prevent the grafted buds from losing water and dying. ②Assist in membrane rupture. By early May, most of the grafted buds grafted by hara-kiri grafting have broken through the membrane and grown out. At this time, if there are some that cannot break through the membrane and branch out, you can use a toothpick to break the membrane and let the grafting buds grow out. Be careful not to rupture the membrane too early to avoid death of the grafted buds due to ventilation. ③ Wipe the buds. At the same time as the grafting buds germinate, a large number of hidden buds on the root tree also germinate. At this time, the buds near the live parts should be wiped out as soon as possible; for the buds near the unjoined parts, one should be retained, and the rest should be wiped out and re-joined between June and August. ④Tie the tip, untie the film and open the angle. When the new shoots grow to 30 cm, they should be tied and fixed with bamboo poles to make them grow upright. Later, as the new shoots lengthen and grow, continue to bind and fix 2-3 times. In early to mid-June, remove the mulch that bound the buds during grafting. From late June to early July, when the new shoots grow to 80-120 cm, use bamboo poles to tie the branches and open them at an angle of about 50 degrees to facilitate the branches to bloom. Through the above methods, I hope your fine varieties of pear trees will develop and bring you good benefits.