Plants, deciduous trees, cold-tolerant plants, Papilionaceae, Chinese medicine plants
Generally, we often say that Sophora japonica includes Sophora japonica, Robinia pseudoacacia, Sophora japonica and Sophora japonica.
The basic differences between Sophora japonica and Robinia pseudoacacia are as follows:
1.
2. Robinia pseudoacacia blooms in May and Sophora japonica blooms in July and August.
1. Sophora japonica L.:
Sophora japonica L. belongs to the genus Sophora in the family Papilionaceae, and it is also called Sophora japonica L., a deciduous tree, with a round crown. Branchlets are green, lenticels are obvious, and scales of winter buds are not obvious. Odd pinnate compound leaves, alternate, 7-17 leaflets, opposite, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, margin. Terminal panicle with butterfly-shaped flowers, pale yellow and green. Pods shrink into beads between seeds, do not crack when ripe, and are fleshy, hanging from the treetops and lasting for a long time. The flowering period is from June to August, and the fruiting period is October.
Robinia pseudoacacia:
Robinia pseudoacacia is also called Robinia pseudoacacia, Robinia pseudoacacia and Robinia pseudoacacia. It is a deciduous tree of butterfly family, with a height of 25 meters; Bark is brown with longitudinal cracks. Branches with stipules, pinnate compound leaves with 7-25 leaflets, alternate, oval or oval, 2-5.5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide, with rounded or slightly concave tips and rounded bases. The flowers are white with red stripes on the calyx tube. The flowering and fruiting period is May. Fruit ripens in October-November.
3. Sophora japonica:
The general characteristics of Sophora japonica are the same as those of Sophora japonica, except that the branches and leaves droop.
4. Robinia pseudoacacia:
Robinia pseudoacacia has the same general characteristics as Robinia pseudoacacia, but its color is red.
5. Robinia pseudoacacia:
It is a broad-leaved deciduous tree of the genus Robinia, belonging to the family Papilionaceae, which is more than 25m high. Its trunk is deeply longitudinally split, with odd pinnate compound leaves, with 7-19 leaflets, oval shape, 2-5cm long, whole margin, slightly concave apex and small spines. Its leaves are golden yellow in spring, yellow-green in summer and orange-yellow in autumn.
6. Robinia pseudoacacia:
It belongs to Robinia of Papilionaceae, a deciduous tree, 2-4 meters high, with branches and pedicels densely covered with red prickles, odd-pinnate compound leaves, 7-15 leaflets, nearly round or oblong, 2-5 cm long, racemes with 3-7 flowers, rosy or lavender corollas and 5-long fruits.
VII. Sophora japonica:
It is a deciduous tree of the genus Sophora in Butterfly Family, with a height of 16 meters, smooth brown to grayish brown bark and alternate leaves. 7-11 leaflets form pinnately compound leaves, which are oval to oblong, 4-12 cm long, with a sharp apex, slightly skewed base and axillary inflorescence, with red flowers and fragrance. The corolla is butterfly-shaped, pink or purple-red, with a small number of small thorns. The fruiting period is October.
Sophora japonica:
Also known as Sophora japonica, it is a variety of Sophora japonica, belonging to the family Papilionaceae, with 3-5 leaflets clustered, terminal leaflets often 3-lobed, lateral leaflets often with large lobes at the lower part and hairy leaves on the back.
9. Sophora japonica Thunb.:
Also known as Sophora japonica Thunb., it is a deciduous tree with a spherical or obovate crown and a height of 25 meters. Its branches are golden yellow, with odd pinnate compound leaves and opposite small leaves. Its inflorescence is a terminal panicle with yellow and white flowers, and its flowering period is from June to September.
Details:
Sophora japonica is also known as Sophora japonica
Species name: Sophora japonica
Platycladus orientalis has become a city tree in Beijing, and Sophora japonica is also a city tree in Dalian City, Liaoning Province and Tai 'an City, Shandong Province.
[ Edit this paragraph] Name
English name: flower of Japanese pagodatree, pagodatree flower bud
Latin scientific name: Sophora japonica Linn.
Chinese alias: Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, Sophora tenuifolia, golden medicinal materials, houseguard tree and Sophora japonica. Six years. The first lateral branches of Sophora japonica are thick, so the crown is cloud-like. Sophora japonica has rhizobia and sufficient nitrogen nutrition, so its leaves are dark and dark green. From a distance, the crown of Sophora japonica is like a dark green thick cloud. Dark green is a dark color, and thick clouds will also bring darkness. Sophora japonica is beaded with constrictions, and the constrictions are very thin. The pod horns of Sophora japonica were stored in the tree, and in the rainy season of the next year, when it was raining, the constrictions were soaked by rain and broke down, and the peel was soaked and rotted to expose the seeds, which dyed the ground under the shade of the tree dark green. Sophora japonica is vulnerable to aphids, and aphid secretions will dye the ground black when they fall to the ground. Therefore, it is often black under the shade of Sophora japonica, which also has the meaning of darkness. Therefore, a locust tree comes from "darkness". The word "Huai" is similar in pronunciation to the word "Hui", and "Huai Tree" means "Hui Tree", which means a kind of tree with a dark crown. It is precisely because of this characteristic of Sophora japonica that people like to have a cool party in the shade of Sophora japonica. Some people in the Han Dynasty think that "Sophora japonica means looking forward to the bosom, and people stand under the Sophora japonica and miss people from afar and want to make things with them". This is actually a humanistic explanation of the name of Sophora japonica because they only notice the phenomenon that people like to enjoy the cool in the shade of Sophora japonica. Because it is suitable for people to enjoy the cool in the shade, Sophora japonica is also a symbol of status. "Zhou Li Qiu Guan" records that there were three locust trees planted outside the court of the Zhou Dynasty, and when the three emperors met the son of heaven, they stood under them. Sangong refers to Taishi, Taifu and Taibao, which are the collective names of the three highest official positions in the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, later generations used Sanhuai as a metaphor for Sangong, which became a symbol of Sangong's official position, and Sophora japonica became a famous cultural tree species in China.
family and genus
Kingdom: Plantae
Sophora japonica: angiosperma
class: dicotyledonous plant class
order: Fabales
family: Fabaceae
genus of Leguminosae. : Sophora/Sophora species: Sophora japonica
Distribution of origin
It is found in many countries, especially in Asia; Originally, it was concentrated in the north of China, from Liaoning in the north to Guangdong and Taiwan Province in the south, and from Shandong to Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan in the east. Common North China Plain and Loess Plateau can grow at an altitude of 1 meters.
Morphological characteristics
Deciduous tree, 15-25m high, with dark gray dry skin, green branchlets and obvious lenticels. The pinnate compound leaves are 15-25 cm long; Leaf axis is hairy and the base is enlarged; Leaflets 9-15, oval-oblong, 2.5-7.5 cm long and 1.5-5 cm wide, tapering at the top, broadly cuneate at the base, grayish white below, sparsely pubescent. Panicle terminal; Calyx campanulate, with 5 small teeth; The corolla is milky white, the flag is wide and heart-shaped, with short claws and purple veins, and the edge of the keel flap is slightly purple; Stamens 1, unequal. Pods are fleshy, beaded, 2.5-5 cm long, hairless and indehiscent; Seeds 1-6, reniform. The flowering and fruiting period is from September to December.
Plants of the same family
(1) Sophora japonica: Branchlets are bent and drooping, and the crown is umbrella-shaped, which is often planted in gardens.
(2) Sophora japonica: 15-17 leaflets with blue-gray filiform pubescence; The wing petals and dragon bone petals of flowers are often purple, and the flowering period is the latest.
(3) Sophora pentaphylla: 3-5 leaflets are clustered, the terminal leaflets are often 3-lobed, and the lower parts of lateral leaflets are often large lobes.
(4) Sophora alopecuroides: There are often large lobes in the lower part of lateral leaflets, with hairy back and yellow branches.
Growth habit
It is cold-resistant, sunny, slightly shade-tolerant, drought-resistant, poor growth in low-lying stagnant water, deep roots, lax requirements on soil, relatively barren, and can also grow normally on lime and mild saline-alkali soil (salt content is about .15%). But it grows best on wet, fertile, deep and well-drained sandy soil. Resistant to smoke and dust, and can adapt to urban street environment. There are not many pests and diseases. Long life and strong resistance to tobacco poison.
garden use
the characteristic tree species commonly used in courtyards in China. Strong fast growth, hard material, elasticity, straight texture, easy processing, corrosion resistance, flower buds can be used as dyes, pulp can be used as medicine, seeds can be used as feed and so on. It is also a tree species for wind and sand fixation, timber and economic forest, and is a good shade tree and street tree species in urban and rural areas. Sophora japonica is one of the traditional tree species in courtyard greening, China, which is full of national sentiment. The five-leaf Sophora japonica leaves are peculiar in shape, just like thousands of green butterflies perched on trees, which is a spectacle and should be planted alone.
propagation and cultivation
mainly sowing and propagation, but also cutting. Spring sowing, because the seed coat has a palisade layer closely combined with cells, has poor water permeability. Before sowing, soak the seeds in water with an initial temperature of 85-9 degrees for 24 hours, and then treat the remaining hard particles for 1-2 times. Seeds can be sown when they absorb water and swell. The row spacing of drill sowing is 2-25cm, the covering soil thickness is 1.5-2cm, the sowing amount per mu is 8-1kg, the seedlings are unearthed in 7-1 days, and the seedlings are planted reasonably and densely to prevent the trunk from bending. Generally, 6-8 seedlings are left per meter, and the annual seedlings are over 1m high. You can also transplant seedlings in centralized nutrition pots in early spring. Sophora japonica has a strong germination ability. If the cultivated seedlings form a good dry shape, they can be cut off in the early spring of the following year to increase the row spacing. In that year, the seedlings are 3-4 meters high and the trunk is straight, thick and smooth.
economic use
excellent nectar source plants; Seed oil extraction for industrial use; The exocarp of Sophora japonica can extract stuffing sugar, etc. Wood is used for building or making farm tools and furniture; It has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine.
medicinal value
Sophora japonica is cool and bitter, and has the functions of clearing away heat and blood, clearing away liver-fire and stopping bleeding. It contains rutin, quercetin, sophoridiol, vitamin A and other substances. Rutin can improve the function of capillaries, maintain the normal resistance of capillaries, and prevent bleeding, hypertension and diabetes caused by excessive fragility and permeability of capillaries. Sophora japonica can stop bleeding and lower blood pressure.
Cutting the branches of Sophora japonica into small pieces, decocting until the liquid medicine turns green, smoking first and then washing the hemorrhoids, which has a good therapeutic effect.
★ Warning
This species is a poisonous plant listed in China Botanical Atlas Database, and its toxicity is poisonous to flowers, leaves, stem bark and pods. People eat flowers and leaves poisoning, resulting in facial edema, skin fever and itching. Leaves and pods can also stimulate the gastrointestinal mucosa, resulting in colic and diarrhea. Fruit shell extract can cause dyspnea in mice and rats. Buds and flowers contain rutin and sterol, and fruits contain many flavonoids and phenols such as Robinia pseudoacacia and quercetin.
the difference between Bai La and Sophora japonica
Bai La: deciduous tree with oval crown and oval to oval leaflets. Health: light-loving, slightly shade-tolerant, suitable for warm and humid climate, drought-resistant, cold-resistant, developed root system, fast growth, pruning-resistant and long life. The trunk is straight and graceful, the leaves are green and cloudy, and the leaves turn yellow in autumn.
Sophora japonica L.
Tree, 25 meters high. Bark is dark gray, rough and vertical, with green branchlets; Substalk bud Odd-pinnate compound leaves, leaflets 7-17, short-stalked, ovate to lanceolate-ovoid, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped at the tip and base, pale in the north, and prostrate. Panicle terminal, corolla yellow and white. Flowers pale yellow, pods 2.5-5 cm, yellow-green, glabrous. The pericarp is fleshy, contains gum, does not crack, and does not wither after winter. The flowering period is from June to August and the fruiting period is from September to October.
the bark is different, so are the leaves.