Dictyophora is a rare specialty in Qingchuan County. Also known as bamboo sun, it is also known as "mushroom queen", "king of delicacies" and "plant chicken" at home and abroad. It has been recorded in the Tang Dynasty's Miscellanies of the West, which was first enjoyed by emperors. Protein is as high as 32.8%. It is a precious nutritious food and an excellent neurotrophic product, which has a good effect on treating hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia. In recent years, it has entered the international market and is quite famous. There are a lot of commodities available for trading in various markets all year round.
The producing areas of Dictyophora indusiata in Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province are Duyao Town, Yingpan Town, Shazhou Town, Muyu Town, Ma Qi Township, Guanyindian Township, Banqiao Township, Kongxi Township, Daba Township, Huangping Township, Maoshi Township, Chaba Township, Qingxi Town, Qiaolou Township, Sanguo Township, Haoxi Hui Township, Le 'an Temple Township, Liangshui Township and Maoba Township.
First, the variety name
Dictyophora.
Second, the site conditions
Within the range of origin, the altitude is 500m to 1200m, the leeward is sunny, the terrain is relatively gentle, the soil layer is thick, the humus content is high, the soil pH value is 5.5 to 6.5, and the shading degree is over 70%.
Third, cultivation management.
1. Selection of cultivation site: the leeward is sunny, the terrain is relatively gentle, the soil layer angle is thick, the humus content is high, the soil pH value is 5.5-6.5, the shading degree is over 70%, the drainage is smooth, there is no accumulated water, the ventilation is sunny, it is convenient for cleaning and disinfection, and it is not polluted by industrial "three wastes", municipal garbage, pesticides, fertilizers and livestock manure, which is beneficial to pests and diseases.
2. Preparation and processing of culture medium:
(1) Cultivation materials: the mixture of hardwood sawdust, bamboo branches and leaves and crop straws in the production area shall be used for cultivation, and oily (coniferous) materials shall not be used.
(2) Preparation and treatment of covering soil: humus soil and acid soil with good air permeability are selected for covering soil. The soil should be 0.33 meters below the tillage layer, and the fresh soil layer that has not been affected and polluted by farming activities shall not use sand, medium clay, river mud and pond mud with high humidity.
3. Cultivation methods: building a shade shed → unpacking and making beds → soil treatment → laying the first layer → sowing → laying the second layer → sowing → covering soil → shading.
4. Growth management:
(1) water management: the soil humidity is kept at 60% ~ 65% during the mycelium growth period, the air humidity is kept at 60% ~ 70%, and the air humidity is kept above 80% during the bamboo egg growth period.
(2) Insulation, cooling and ventilation: ensure that the temperature in the shed or indoor is between 18℃ and 28℃; when the temperature in the shed or indoor exceeds 30℃, it should be ventilated or sprayed with water to cool down in time.
(3) illumination: keep the illumination intensity not higher than 30% during the whole growth period.
Fourth, harvesting and processing.
1. Harvesting: Harvesting in time when the skirt of Dictyophora dictyophora has been completely opened and spore colloid begins to autolyse and drip.
2. Drying: The fruiting body of Dictyophora dictyophora should be dried within 65,438+00 hours after being collected and cleaned. Artificial drying method is adopted. The maximum temperature shall not exceed 55℃, and the water content after drying shall be ≤ 13%.
The quality characteristics of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
1. Sensory characteristics
The project refers to
mark
colour
Light yellow or beige.
air
The taste of dictyophora indusiata has a unique fragrance and no peculiar smell.
shape
The mushroom skirt is reticulate, and the handle and cover are complete.
The texture and taste are fleshy and hollow, and the soup expands when cooked. Cooked for a long time, crisp and tender, fragrant and odorless, fresh and tender at the entrance, crisp and smooth.
2. Physical and chemical indicators
The project refers to
mark
Moisture/(g/100g) ≤ 13.0
Crude protein (dry weight)/(g/100g) ≥ 17.0
Crude fiber (dry weight)/(g/100g) ≤ 10.0
Ash/(g/100g) ≤7.0
Stipe diameter/(mm) ≥ 15
Stigma length/(mm) ≥ 120
3. Quality and technical requirements such as safety: Quality and technical requirements such as product safety must comply with relevant national regulations.