Paeonia lactiflora mainly contains paeoniflorin, volatile oil, amino acids and other components.
The content of 1.8- glucoside is 3.8% o ~ 5.7%, including paeoniflorin, paeonol, a small amount of paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin oxide, benzoyl paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, (z)-( 1S, 5R)-ls-β-?.
2. Volatile oil Radix Paeoniae Alba contains volatile oil. The oil contains benzoic acid, paeonol and other components.
3. Amino acid Radix Paeoniae Alba contains 65438 02.3% amino acids. Arginine was the most, accounting for 6.81%; Followed by glutamic acid, aspartic acid and other 14 amino acids.
4. Other Radix Paeoniae Alba also contains tannins such as tannins, gallic acid, ethyl gallate and β sitosterol.
pharmacological action
(1) Regulating immunity:
1. Enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages and leukocytes. The decoction of Paeonia lactiflora and total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora can significantly improve the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages in mice.
Both acidic polysaccharide and neutral polysaccharide of Paeonia lactiflora can activate the function of reticuloendothelial system.
2. Regulating T lymphocyte function: TGP can regulate T lymphocyte function in both directions. It can promote the induction of specific and nonspecific regulatory cells. Intraperitoneal injection of TGP can obviously promote specific Ts cells and antagonize the immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide.
3. Regulating humoral immune function: intraperitoneal injection of paeoniflorin has no obvious effect on SRRC hemolysin antibody in normal mice, but it can antagonize the immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide and restore the immune function to normal level. It can also obviously reduce the atrophy of thymus and spleen and the inhibition of hemolysin antibody production caused by 60CO irradiation. Total glucosides of paeony can not only promote IgM production, but also reduce IgM production, which plays a two-way regulatory role in humoral immunity.
(2) Anti-inflammatory:
Paeoniflorin has obvious anti-inflammatory effect, and paeonol has strong anti-inflammatory effect. Paeoniflorin and paeonol have significant inhibitory effects on capillary permeability, exudation, edema and immune inflammation caused by various inflammatory factors.
(3) in the digestive system
1. Liver protection: Paeonia lactiflora has obvious protective effect on various experimental liver injuries. For acute liver injury, Paeonia lactiflora can significantly reduce A 1T and restore the pathological changes and necrosis of liver cells.
For autoimmune hepatitis mice, intraperitoneal injection of paeoniflorin can significantly reduce ALT, make the ultrastructure of hepatocytes return to normal, regenerate hepatocytes actively, and obviously reduce the degree of liver lesions. The proliferation and recovery of spleen lymphocytes induced by liver membrane-specific lipoprotein showed that paeoniflorin not only had obvious therapeutic effect on autoimmune hepatitis, but also had function-dependent immunomodulation.
2. Spasm: Paeonia lactiflora and paeoniflorin have significant spasmolytic effects on intestinal smooth muscle. Shaoyao gancao decoction can promote gastric peristalsis and increase contractility at low concentration, but inhibit contractility at high concentration. Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and Shaoyao Gancao Decoction can inhibit ileal contraction caused by parasympathetic nerve excitation. Paeonia lactiflora can inhibit the release of acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerve endings, which is presynaptic inhibition. Paeoniflorin is the main component of spasmolysis, and paeoniflorin is also related to other components.
The inhibitory effect of Shaoyao Gancao decoction on intestinal smooth muscle in rabbits is stronger than that of the two drugs alone.
Five processing methods of Paeonia lactiflora in Paeonia lactiflora and Glycyrrhiza Decoction were selected respectively, which had significant inhibitory effects on intestinal spasm caused by acetylcholine. With the increase of dosage, the effect will be enhanced. Among the five processing methods, vinegar-fried Radix Paeoniae Alba has the strongest effect, followed by bran-fried and wine-fried, and the fried Radix Paeoniae Alba is the weakest.
3. Anti-gastric ulcer: Paeoniflorin and paeonol can obviously inhibit stress ulcer and gastric acid secretion in mice. The combination of Paeonia lactiflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has synergistic effect on gastric acid secretion.
(4) For cardiovascular:
The aqueous extract of Paeonia lactiflora can significantly prolong the survival time of myocardial hypoxia induced by isoproterenol in mice, antagonize myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin and increase myocardial nutritional blood flow.
Intravenous injection of paeoniflorin can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure in rabbits and cats.
The aqueous extract of Paeonia lactiflora can inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and the total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora can reduce the wet weight of platelet thrombosis and inhibit thrombosis. Its effective components are paeoniflorin, benzoyl paeoniflorin and benzoyl paeoniflorin.
(5) Analgesia, sedation, anticonvulsant and cooling:
1. Analgesic effect: Paeonia lactiflora, paeoniflorin and Paeonia lactiflora Glycyrrhiza decoction all have significant analgesic effects. Paeoniflorin has synergistic effect with morphine and clonidine.
2. Sedative effect: Paeoniflorin and paeonol both have sedative effect and have the effect of enhancing hypnotics.
3. Anticonvulsive: Paeoniflorin and paeonol both have anticonvulsant effects, and can obviously reduce EEG spasm waves, suggesting that they have anticonvulsant effects.
4. Antipyretic: Paeoniflorin can reduce the body temperature of normal mice, but it has no antipyretic effect on fever. The cooling effect of paeoniflorin is related to its sensitization to H 1 receptor in brain.
Paeonol can not only lower the body temperature of normal mice, but also reduce fever.
(6) Enhance the ability to resist hypoxia, oxidation and fatigue.
1. Enhance hypoxia tolerance: intraperitoneal injection of water extract of Paeonia lactiflora can obviously prolong the death time of mice exposed to normal pressure hypoxia and prolong the survival time of mice exposed to decompression hypoxia.
2. Anti-oxidation: Total glucosides of Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia lactiflora can scavenge oxygen free radicals, and total glucosides of Paeonia suffruticosa can significantly inhibit the formation of lipid peroxidation and the increase of AlT in liver. It shows that the components of Paeonia lactiflora have antioxidant effect.
3. Anti-fatigue: The alcohol extract of Paeonia lactiflora can significantly prolong the swimming time of mice.
(7) Others
Effects of 1. on endocrine: Paeoniflorin can regulate the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in two directions, which can not only significantly increase the plasma corticosterone and ACTH in rats under stress, but also reduce the plasma corticosterone, ACTH and β -endorphin responses under high excitement.
2. Antibacterial and antiviral Radix Paeoniae Alba decoction has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects.
3. Anti-mutation effect Paeonia lactiflora has a strong inhibitory effect on the mutation of Salmonella typhimurium.
(viii) Internal procedures
After 24 hours, the cumulative excretion of paeoniflorin in feces and urine of rats was 1 1.25% and 1.08%, respectively, indicating that paeoniflorin was poorly absorbed in gastrointestinal tract, mainly excreted from kidney in its original form, and less in feces and bile. Paeoniflorin is widely distributed in dogs and rabbits, which can be eliminated quickly after oral administration and has low bioavailability. It is rarely metabolized in the liver and has no obvious effect on red blood cells.
Paeoniflorin can be transformed into paeoniflorin and Ⅱ under the action of intestinal flora, thus enhancing the inhibition of pentylenetetrazol.
clinical application
1. Treat chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, chronic enteritis and irritable bowel syndrome.
2. Treat acute icteric hepatitis, chronic hepatitis B, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
3. Treat sciatica, headache and epilepsy.
4. Treat coronary heart disease.
5. Treat rheumatoid arthritis.
Dosage and usage
Pharmacopoeia dose: 6 ~ 15g.
Clinical dosage: 6 ~ 12g.
High dose: 15 ~ 30g.
Usage: decoct in water, grind into pills, disperse and soak in wine.