(1) signs of infection. The obvious sign of infection is cotton-wool vegetation, usually white, but sometimes gray-black to green. Fungi usually originate from tree trunks, but may also originate from damaged parts. It can spread and damage fins, mouth, eyes and gills.
(2) A detailed description of the infection. Fungi are plants that grow on dead organic matter. A typical fungal body or mycelium consists of very fine filaments or exobacteria, which penetrate dead or decaying tissues and directly absorb nutrients through the cell wall. Therefore, although fungal spores appear in the water, healthy fish can resist infection. Spores are released from the swollen tips of some exophytes and swim freely with two flagella until they stay in suitable tissues and start to grow into another fungal mass. Fungi only attack injured fish, or fish that are weak in some ways. If the invasion seems to occur spontaneously, it may be a secondary infection of tissues damaged by other reasons, such as skin trematodes. In these cases, both the fungus and the initial infection need treatment, and if not treated, the fungus will die. Damaged or unfertilized eggs are particularly vulnerable to fungal attacks, while healthy eggs in the same group can hatch normally. It is usually wise to transfer eggs with fungal vegetation to protect healthy eggs from inhibition during development.
(3), recommended treatment. In the aquarium, possible infection can be prevented by checking whether the water is in good condition, whether the water temperature is appropriate, and whether the water is too alkaline (PH7.2 is the best in the freshwater aquarium). Many therapeutic agents are recommended, but some of them have serious shortcomings. Salt water bath is a traditional treatment for freshwater fish diseases, but it will cause inappropriate irritation and need to be replaced frequently, and it is not particularly effective when used alone. Methylene blue is effective for mild cases, but the prescribed dose will stain the water, making it difficult to continuously check the development of the disease. You can paint malachite green on the infected area. There are several new special treatment agents, which are usually effective for fungi.
In ponds, fungi usually appear in spring, when fish are weakest or damaged after spawning. Before the wet or cold weather begins, feed balanced nutrition bait to fatten the fish and ensure the PH value of the water is between 6.5 and 7.8, which may reduce the chance of fungal infection. There is a special fungus treatment agent in the pond. However, according to the environmental conditions, it is best to transfer the infected fish to a suitable container that can maintain a relatively stable state for treatment; The disparity between cold and heat will reduce the therapeutic effect of drugs and promote further infection. For example, when taking an old-fashioned bath, you must carefully transfer the fish to a large container filled with dechlorinated water or aged water. Ideally, water should be oxygenated. Avoid unnecessary stimulation to fish at all costs. When transferring fish, use absorbent cotton to wipe off the fungal vegetation on the fish.
Raise the temperature to 30 degrees, and add some salt (iodine-free) if there are no aquatic plants.