Blueberry fruit is rich in nutrients, which has the functions of preventing brain aging, protecting eyesight, strengthening heart, resisting cancer, softening blood vessels and enhancing human immunity.
Among them, because blueberry is rich in anthocyanins, it has the effect of activating retina, strengthening vision and preventing eyeball fatigue, which has attracted much attention. It is also one of the five healthy fruits recommended by FAO. And according to the research of American, Japanese and European scientists, regular consumption of blueberry products can obviously enhance vision and eliminate eye fatigue. Medical clinical reports also show that anthocyanins in blueberries can promote the regeneration of rhodopsin in retinal cells, prevent myopia and improve vision.
Main nutritional components
The average weight of blueberry fruit is 0.5-2.5g, and the maximum weight is 5g. The fruit is beautiful in color, pleasing to the eye, blue and covered with 1 layer of white fruit powder. The pulp is fine, the seeds are extremely small, and the edible rate is 100%. It is a good fresh food with light fragrance, sweet and sour taste. In addition to conventional sugar, acid and Vc, blueberry fruit is rich in VE, VA, VB, SOD, arbutin, protein, anthocyanin, edible fiber and rich in mineral elements such as K, Fe, Zn and Ca. According to the analysis of 14 blueberry varieties introduced from abroad by the Small Berry Research Institute of Jilin Agricultural University, the anthocyanin pigment content in fruits is as high as 163mg/ 100g, and the fresh fruit VE content is 9.3L|g/ 100g, which is several times or even dozens of times that of other fruits such as apples and grapes. The total amino acid content is 0.254%, which is higher than that of hawthorn rich in amino acids.
Blueberry fruit has strong medicinal value and nutritional and health care functions, and it is listed as one of the five health foods for human beings by the International Food and Agriculture Organization.
nutritive value
Blueberries are rich in nutrients, not only in conventional nutrients, but also in flavonoids and polysaccharides, so they are also called "the queen of fruits" and "the king of berries".
First, the conventional nutrients
Blueberry has delicate pulp, unique flavor, moderate sweetness and sourness, and a pleasant aroma. Blueberries are rich in conventional nutrients such as protein and vitamins, and the contents of minerals and trace elements are also considerable. Therefore, it is indeed worthy of the name that blueberries are called "fruit queens"!
Second, special nutrients
1 anthocyanin
Anthocyanin is a very important plant water-soluble pigment, which belongs to pure natural anti-aging nutritional supplement and is the most effective antioxidant bioactive agent discovered by human beings at present. The content of anthocyanins in blueberries is very high, and the variety of anthocyanins is also very rich. It is found that the anthocyanins in high cluster blueberries are as high as 15. Although the content of anthocyanins in different varieties of blueberries is not the same, the content is generally relatively high.
2. Total acids and organic acids
The content of organic acids in blueberry accounts for more than half of the total acid content. Most of the organic acids are citric acid, others are ursolic acid, quinic acid and malic acid. Ursolic acid, also known as ursolic acid, belongs to a kind of weakly acidic pentacyclic triterpenoids, is a functional component of many natural products, and has a wide range of biological activities, especially in anti-tumor and other aspects.
3. Phenolic acid
Blueberries contain many kinds of polyphenols, among which phenolic acids are an important one. Phenolic acids are a kind of phenolic substances, which have good nutritional functions and antioxidant activities. There are more than ten kinds of phenolic acids in blueberry, among which the highest content is chlorogenic acid, also known as caffeic tannic acid. Studies have found that it has obvious inhibitory effect on many cancers (lung cancer, esophageal cancer, etc.), and its antioxidant effect is also very strong.
4, superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an acidic metalloenzyme widely existing in organisms, and it is an important free radical scavenger in organisms. Its main function is to specifically scavenge superoxide anion free radicals produced in biological oxidation, and it is known as "2 1 century health care gold". Blueberries are rich in SOD content. Although the SOD content in different varieties of blueberries is slightly different, there is little difference on the whole.
5. Pectin
Pectin is a kind of polysaccharide polymer. Scientific research has found that pectin can effectively remove undigested chyme and other toxic substances in the human body, at the same time, it is helpful to regulate postprandial blood sugar and the balance of intestinal microflora, and it also plays a good role in prevention and adjuvant treatment of many modern "civilized diseases". The pectin content in blueberries is rich, which is about 1-3 times that of ordinary apples or bananas.
6, rosewood stilbene
Pterocelandine, named after it was first discovered in Pterocelandine plants. In 2004, scientists first isolated pterostilbene from berries such as blueberries and grapes. Studies have found that pterostilbene also has good antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. The function of pterostilbene in anti-cancer has also been highly concerned by people, especially in anti-colon cancer, pterostilbene has shown a very gratifying effect.
In addition to the above nutrients, blueberries also contain substances such as Yunbin Tanninol and sodium benzoate, which is why the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization has identified blueberries as one of the five health foods for human beings.
Health care value
Vaccinium uliginosum is rich in amino acids, trace elements, anthocyanins (mainly composed of cyanidin -3- galactoside, paeoniflorin -3- galactoside, cyanidin -3- glucoside), anthocyanins, catechins and other polyphenols. Among them, Vaccinium uliginosum anthocyanins have strong oxidation resistance, good curative effects on ophthalmology, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and can play a variety of functions such as beauty and health care. The content of vitamin is average, but the content of vitamin E and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is relatively high. Flavonoids account for 0.5% of dry weight, which have the effects of lowering blood pressure, softening blood vessels, preventing arteriosclerosis, lowering blood sugar and reducing cholesterol accumulation, and fruit juice has the ability to decompose nitrosamines, a carcinogen; Leaves and fruits have astringent, heat-clearing and other effects, and medicine can strengthen the stomach, promote digestion and stop diarrhea.
Vaccinium uliginosum can also be used to treat infectious urethritis, cystitis and other diseases. It is rich in copper, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium. Manganese is helpful to treat nephropathy, and the content of manganese is higher than that of copper, which is helpful to anti-aging; Zinc is helpful for the treatment of chronic kidney disease, such as uremia patients who can relieve their condition after zinc supplementation, and the zinc content of Vaccinium uliginosum reaches 8 1.7 μ g/g, so it is helpful for the treatment of kidney disease. Vaccinium uliginosum and Vaccinium uliginosum can be used to treat nerve cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress and protect nerve cells well, and the protective effect of Vaccinium uliginosum is better than that of Vaccinium uliginosum.
The nutritional components of Vaccinium uliginosum leaves are similar to those of fruits, which can be used as health tea. Folks often use the decoction of the roots and leaves of Vaccinium uliginosum as a mild laxative, or dry it and grind it for external application to wounds.
Blueberry efficacy
1, protect your eyesight
Studies have found that eating blueberries can reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration by 38%.
2. Prevent constipation
1 cup of fresh blueberries contains about 4g of dietary fiber, accounting for 14% of the daily dietary fiber intake. The water-soluble dietary fiber in blueberry can promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation.
3. Enhance immunity
Studies have found that blueberries contain far more antioxidants than other fresh fruits and vegetables. Antioxidants can neutralize free radicals in the body and strengthen the immune system.
4. Reduce your belly.
The polyphenols rich in blueberries can decompose abdominal fat and help to control weight. In addition, blueberries are low in calories and will not cause obesity.
5. Improve your brain power
Dried blueberries as snacks can improve brain vitality. A new study found that flavonoids rich in blueberries can alleviate senile memory decline.
6, good for heart health
Blueberries contain ingredients that can help blood vessels dilate, thus reducing the risk of thrombosis and heart disease. Studies have found that eating more than five servings of blueberries a week can reduce the risk of heart disease.
7. Reduce blood sugar
Eating blueberries is helpful for diabetics to regulate blood sugar level. Eating 5 servings of fruits with low glycemic index such as blueberries every week for two months can significantly improve the ability of blood sugar regulation.
8. Strong bones
Blueberries are rich in trace element manganese, which plays a key role in bone development. The study found that children who like to eat blueberries have higher bone density than children who don't eat blueberries.
9. Prevent cancer
Anthocyanins in blueberries can inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and eating half a cup a day can achieve anti-cancer effect.
10, prevent cystitis