Medicinal value of Lycium barbarum;
Fruit (called Lycium barbarum in Chinese medicine) has the same medicinal function as Lycium barbarum in Ningxia. Root bark (called Cortex Lycii in Chinese medicine) has antipyretic and antitussive effects.
Harvesting and processing: Lycium barbarum: June-165438+1October. Fruits should be harvested in batches. Spread fresh fruit on reed vines quickly, the thickness should be less than 3 cm, generally 1.5 cm, dry in the shade until the epidermis wrinkles, then expose to the sun until the peel becomes hard and the pulp becomes soft, and then remove the fruit stalks. Lycium barbarum leaves: picked from spring to early summer, washed and used for many purposes.
Main ingredients: Lycium barbarum contains betaine, atropine and betaine.
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide is a kind of water-soluble polysaccharide, which is the most important active ingredient in Lycium barbarum. Its relative molecular weight is 68-200, and it has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. Among them, the immunomodulation and anti-tumor effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide have been studied the most. Many studies show that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has the functions of promoting immunity, anti-aging, anti-tumor, scavenging free radicals, anti-fatigue, anti-radiation, protecting liver and protecting and improving reproductive function.
Betaine: The chemical name is 1- carboxyl -N, n, N- trimethyl aminoethyl lactone, which is similar to amino acid in chemical structure and belongs to quaternary ammonium alkali substances. Betaine is one of the main alkaloids in the fruits, leaves and stems of Lycium barbarum.
The effect of Lycium barbarum on lipid metabolism or anti-fatty liver is mainly caused by betaine, which acts as a methyl donor in vivo. The research on Lycium barbarum betaine is limited to the domestic content determination, extraction technology and physiological effect on Lycium barbarum plants (enhancing salt tolerance), but the pharmacological effect of Lycium barbarum betaine is less.
Lycium barbarum pigment: Lycium barbarum pigment is a variety of coloring substances existing in Lycium barbarum berries and an important physiological active component of Lycium barbarum seeds. It mainly includes-carotene, lutein and other colored substances. Carotenoids contained in Lycium barbarum have very important medicinal value.
Many studies have proved that Lycium barbarum seed pigment has the functions of improving human immune function, preventing and inhibiting tumors and preventing atherosclerosis. Carotene is the main active component of Lycium barbarum pigment, which has important physiological functions such as antioxidation and is the precursor of vitamin A synthesis.
Pharmacological action: It has influence on immune function.
Sexual taste: Lycium barbarum: sweet and flat. Lycium barbarum leaves: bitter and sweet; Cold sex.
Function: Lycium barbarum: nourishing liver, kidney and lungs. Lycium barbarum leaves: tonifying deficiency and essence, clearing away heat and improving eyesight.
Extended data:
Morphological characteristics of Lycium barbarum.
Braided spiny shrub, 20-50(- 150) cm high, multi-branched; Branches oblique or lying on the ground, white or grayish white, hard, often zigzag, with irregular longitudinal stripes, twig tips tapering into spines, internodes shortened, each node with short spines, 0.3- 1.5 cm long; The short branches are located on both sides of the spine, and the young branches are not obvious. The old branches are tumor-shaped, with clustered leaves or flowers and leaves at the same time. The old branches are short branches, with tumor-like processes and no leaves.
2-6 leaves are clustered on the short branches, and the single leaves on the young branches are alternate, plump and fleshy, subsessile, banded, banded or oblanceolate, sometimes narrowly lanceolate, rounded at the top, tapering at the base, and sometimes slightly rolled down at both sides. The midvein is inconspicuous, 0.5-3cm long and 2-7mm wide. 1-2 peanuts on short branches; Pedicel thin, 0.5- 1 cm long.
Calyx is narrow bell-shaped, 4-5 mm long, slightly hemispherical when the fruit expands, surrounded by the middle and lower parts of the fruit, irregularly 2-4-lobed, with membranous lobes and sparse cilia at the edge; Corolla funnel-shaped, light purple, about 1.2 cm long, tube slightly expanded to the eaves, 5-lobed, lobes oblong or oval, about 1/2- 1/3 as long as tube, hairless and inconspicuous.
Stamens slightly protrude from corolla and are inserted in the middle of corolla tube. There are sparse hairs on the filaments slightly higher than the base, and there are also sparse hairs on the inner wall of the corolla. The style is almost as long as the stamens. Berries are purple-black, spherical, sometimes slightly concave at the top, 4-9 mm in diameter, and the seeds are kidney-shaped, brown, 1.5 mm long and 2 mm wide. The flowering and fruiting period is May-65438+1October.
Red wolfberry
Lycium barbarum likes cold climate and has strong cold tolerance. When the temperature is stable at about 7℃, seeds can germinate and seedlings can resist the low temperature of -3℃.
When the temperature is above 6℃ in spring, spring buds begin to sprout. Lycium barbarum overwinters at -25℃ without freezing injury. Lycium barbarum has developed root system and strong drought resistance, and can still grow in arid desert. In order to obtain high yield in production, it is still necessary to ensure water supply, especially in the flower and fruit period. The low-lying land with long-term water accumulation is not conducive to the growth of Lycium barbarum, and even causes root rot or death.
With sufficient light, the branches of Lycium barbarum grow healthily, with many flowers and fruits, large fruit grains, high yield and good quality. Lycium barbarum mostly grows in alkaline soil and sandy loam, which is most suitable for cultivation in deep and fertile loam.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Lycium barbarum