Lin Zexu (1785-1850), the word Yuanfu, also known as Shaomu, Shi Phosphorus, and overflow name Wenzhong, was a native of Fuzhou, Fujian Province. In his early years, his family was poor and well-educated. In the 16th year of the Jiaqing period, he was awarded a bachelor's degree. In the 40 years as an official, he was "the world since the encouragement", honesty and public service; and attach importance to the cause of water conservancy, disaster relief and relief of the people. His greatest achievement was to lead the anti-smoking campaign in China's history - Humen Smokeout, commanded the anti-British struggle, defended the sovereignty of the country and the dignity of the nation, and became the first national hero and patriot in China's modern history. At the same time, he compiled foreign books and materials such as "Four Continents", which created a trend of studying and researching the West in modern China, and was the pioneer of modern Chinese Restoration ideas.

The Recovery of Xinjiang--Zuo Zongtang

Zuo Zongtang (1812-1885) was an important minister of military and political affairs in the late Qing Dynasty, one of the commanders of the Hunan army, and an important leader of the foreign affairs faction. He was known as Jigao (季高), Parkcun (朴存), and Shangnongren (上农人). He was a native of Xiangyin, Hunan Province. In 1875 (the first year of Guangxu), there was a debate within the Qing government about the "sea defense" and the "plug defense". When the northwest border and southeast coastal defense are critical; Li Hongzhang and other think both "force difficult to take into account", advocating the abandonment of the Serbian defense, will "stop withdrawing the pay, that is, even for the sea defense of the pay". Zuo Zongtang force dissent, pointed out that the northwest "since the abolition of the fence, I retreat inch and the invaders into feet", especially incurred British and Russian infiltration. In May of that year, was ordered to supervise the Xinjiang military affairs. 1876, in suzhou commanded the army to crusade against the Agubai, the following year in January accounted for the Hetian (present-day Hetian), in addition to the Ili region of Xinjiang all the territories recovered. Immediately submitted a proposal to Xinjiang to set up a province, in order to collect the effect of long-term peace and security. 1879 Sino-Russian Ili negotiation, attacked Chonghou a Russian request, rashly agreed to the Charter, loss of power and loss of land, advocating "first with the discussion", "decided to the battlefield". 1880 spring In the spring of 1880, the deployment of military affairs in Xinjiang, out of Suzhou to Hami. 1881 early, Russia and China "Ili Treaty" signed, should be imperial decree to Beijing as Minister of military affairs and in the Premier's Yamen walk, management of the Ministry of war affairs. In the summer of the same year, transferred to the Governor of the two rivers and Minister of commerce in the South China Sea. 1884 June, was called to Beijing, and then served as Minister of military affairs. At the time of the Sino-French War, the French fleet in Fuzhou Mawei routed Fujian sailors, was ordered to supervise the military affairs in Fujian. November to Fuzhou, active defense, and the formation of the "Jing Jing aid to Taiwan army" east to Taiwan.

Spirit of the sea - Deng Shichang

Deng Shichang (1849 ~ 1894) China's late Qing Dynasty naval patriotic general. He was born in Panyu, Guangdong Province. Originally from Dongguan, Guangdong, he was born in Panyu (present-day Haizhu District, Guangzhou). Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War for the Zhiyuan ship management, in September 17, 1894 in the naval battle to sacrifice his life to serve his country. On September 17, 1894, in the Yellow Sea sea battle of Dadonggou, Deng Shichang commanded "Zhiyuan" ship fought bravely, and then under the siege of the Japanese ships, "Zhiyuan" was injured in many places, the ship was on fire, and the hull was tilted. Deng Shichang encouraged the whole ship officers and men said: "my generation from the army to defend the country, early put life and death outside of the world, today's matter, there is death only!" "Japanese ship specializing in Yoshino, Gou Shen this ship, enough to take its gas and things", resolutely driving the ship at full speed into the Japanese main ship "Yoshino" on the starboard side of the ship, determined to die with the enemy. The Japanese ship officers and men were alarmed at the situation, and concentrated their artillery fire on "Zhiyuan". Unfortunately, a shell hit the torpedo tube of "Zhiyuan", and the torpedo inside the tube exploded, leading to the sinking of "Zhiyuan". The ship sank. Deng Shichang fell into the sea, his entourage to lifebuoy rescue, but he refused, and said: "I am determined to kill the enemy to serve the country, now die in the sea, righteousness, why seek life for! The dog "sun" also swam to his side, with his mouth to hold his arm, Deng Shichang vowed to survive with the warship ****, resolutely pressed the dog's head into the water, he also sank in the waves, and the ship's officers and men together with more than 250 people died in the martyrdom.

The great victory of Zhennan Pass--Feng Zi Cai

In 1850 (Qing Daoguang thirty years) led the uprising, the next year defected to the Tien-Di Association leader Liu Ba, rotating recruited, along with Guangxi Governor Xiang Rong tailed the Taiping army to Nanjing, accumulated merit to the general. 1862 (the first year of the Qing dynasty) Mew Guangxi Governor, stationed in Zhenjiang, with Hunan army to besiege the Taiping army, and the army was sentenced to death in the first year of the Qing dynasty. In 1862 (the first year of the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty), he became the governor of Guangxi and stationed his troops in Zhenjiang. Following the suppression of peasant revolts in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, etc. In 1869 ~ 1879 (Qing Guangxu five years) by the invitation of the Vietnamese government and the Qing court dispatched, three times out of the suppression of the retreat into Vietnam of the Guangxi peasant revolts and mutiny of the Qing army, well aware of the French annexation of Vietnam, into the motherland of the southern border of the intention. 1881, due to the authorities in power to the incompatible, "claimed that the disease In 1881, due to the disagreement with the authorities, he "claimed illness" and returned to his hometown, but he was still worried about the border affairs. He had volunteered to lead troops into Vietnam to fight against the French. Nearly seventy years of veteran Feng Zi Cai in danger, the official appointed Guanwai military affairs helpers, led the troops to Zhennan pro-attack French troops. In order to show his determination to fight against the enemy, Feng Zicai brought his two sons with him to take care of the aftermath. On his way out, he instructed his family, once Guangxi could not hold, the ancestral tablets moved back to the ancestral home in Jiangnan, Feng Zicai vowed never to be a slave of the country. After the outbreak of the Sino-French war, the Qing army in Vietnam was defeated in one battle. He was instructed to supervise the regimentation of Guangdong Gao, Lei, Lian, Qiong, etc. In August 1884, the Qing court declared war on France, so he wrote a letter of request for war, and gathered the old troops, 18 battalions of soldiers, the number of "Cui Jun", and set off to the front line in Guangxi. In February of the following year, the Qing army in Vietnam was defeated and fled into the customs, routed, the French vanguard once occupied Zhennan Pass (now Friendship Pass). Feng Zi Cai, who was nearly old, was appointed to help organize the military affairs outside the Guangxi Pass, and was elected by the front-line generals to preside over the war and support the critical situation. Choose the terrain of the dangerous pass area for the battlefield, dredge deep trench, repair long wall, build strong base, equipped with strong response division, the formation of a more complete multi-level mountain defense positions. In order to disrupt the French combat deployment, led troops out of the pass night attack on the Vietnamese Vinh Yen, inducing the French did not wait for the arrival of reinforcements to launch an attack in advance. When the French army attacked into the pass, commanded the troops to defend the heights of the two wings, and with the reserves to raid the enemy's flanks and backs; at the time of crisis, he held a spear and shouted, and led the troops to jump into the enemy line to fight, and fought for half a day, killed the French army, and achieved the great victory of Zhennan Pass. Zhennan Pass victory is the Qing army in the resistance to foreign invasion of the battle to obtain a comprehensive victory, it makes the Qing army in the land battlefield situation from defeat to victory, from defense to attack. The news of the defeat of the French army reached Paris and the cabinet of Joufferies was forced to resign. Spinning divisions in hot pursuit, the use of night fighting plunge method of warfare, and consecutively overcame the Vietnamese Vinh Yen, Lang Son, seriously wounded the French 2nd Brigade Commander Negri, the French army by the south of Lang Kia. After the war, was ordered to supervise the Qin, Lian two states defense, and will do the border defense of Guangxi, in 1896 to Yunnan governor of this post. 1903 was ordered to do the military affairs of Guangxi, holding sick to go to Gui, died in the military. He died in the army. There is a collection of military documents that have been passed down.

Martyrdom--Zhang Zizhong

In May 1940, the Japanese army in order to control the Yangtze River traffic, cut off the transportation line to Chongqing, gathered 300,000 troops to launch the Battle of Zaoyi. At that time, the Chinese army's 33rd Army Group had only two regiments stationed on the west bank of the Xiang River. Zhang Zizhong, as the commander-in-chief of the group army, could not have led the troops to fight, but he insisted that the deputy commander-in-chief stayed behind despite the repeated discouragement of his subordinates. On May 1, Zhang Zizhong personally notified the troops, generals and leaders: "the country has reached such a point, except for me and so on for its death, there is no other way. I believe, as long as we can this determination, our country and my 5,000 years of history of the nation, will not die in the hands of the Japanese slaves on the three islands. The determination to die for our country and nation will never be changed by the sea or the stone." After Zhang Zizhong led more than 2,000 people eastward across the Xianghe River, he attacked courageously all the way and cut off the Japanese 13th Division. The Japanese army then used superior force to Zhang Zizhong's department to implement the encirclement pincer attack. Zhang Zizhong did not flinch, commanding the troops to the number of more than one and a half times the number of the enemy killed more than 10 times. The Japanese army suffered heavy casualties. May 15, the Japanese army more than 10,000 people in the north and south to Zhang Zizhong troops led by the implementation of the pincer attack. Fighting to the 16th dawn, Zhang Zizhong was forced to retreat into the nangua store ten miles long mountain. Japanese troops in the aircraft artillery cover, to the Chinese army position launched a fierce attack. Launched nine times a day and night charge. Zhang Zizhong's casualties rose sharply, the battle was unprecedentedly fierce. May 16 within a day, Zhang Zizhong since the morning to noon, has been shouting to supervise the war, at noon he was shot in the left arm still insisted on directing the battle. To 2:00 pm, Zhang Zizhong only hundreds of soldiers and officers left under him, he will be his own guards are transferred to the front to reinforce the side of the senior staff officer Zhang Jing and the adjutant Ma Xiaotang and other 8 people. He took out a pen and wrote a final report of nearly 100 words to the theater command, handing it over to Ma Xiaotang, he said, "I died fighting, and I ask that I have no shame for the country and the nation, you should work hard to kill the enemy, and you can't live up to my ambition." A little later, Zhang Zizhong waist was hit by machine gun bullets, he fell to the ground and fought in blood and finally died heroically.

Anti-Japanese hero--Yang Jingyu

In 1937, he became the commander-in-chief and political commissar of the First Road Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, with a basic team of more than 6,000 people, spreading out around South Manchuria to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle. After the Lugouqiao Incident, Yang Jingyu launched the Western Expedition, often attacking the Japanese army, to support the struggle in Guan'an.In May 1938, convened a meeting of the party and army cadres in South Manchuria, to discuss adherence to the guerrilla war strategy. After the meeting, the anti-Japanese struggle in the area of Tonghua and Linjiang, and dealt a heavy blow to the enemy and pseudo forces. In the winter of the same year, the Japanese invaders implemented the inhumane policy of returning to Tuen Mun and households, and colluded with the Japanese armed Tuen Mun immigrants to strengthen the destruction of anti-Japanese bases in South Manchuria, the anti-Japanese Allied Forces in a more difficult situation. Yang Jingyu led the First Road Army with more than 1,400 people into the dense forest of Changbai Mountain. The following year, in the territory of Mengjiang County and the enemy suffered heavy losses in battle, the team left more than four hundred people. in January 1940, in order to solve the problem of troop sustenance, ordered the main force of the troops to the north, he led a small force east. on February 23, alone in Jilin Mengjiang County (now Jingyu County) security village in front of the Sandawaizi encountered a few villagers, one of them back to the Datun leaked to the Japanese and pseudo-authorities; Kwangtung Army crusade to surround the general, and urgently summoned the Resistance League traitors. And urgently summoned by the Resistance rebels composed of pseudo-Manchu secret service to participate in the war; after several hours of fierce fighting, the general was hit by the traitors machine gun fire point to hit the vitals, heroic martyrdom.

Everlasting monument--Ma Benzai

Ma Benzai, the formidable anti-Japanese hero (1901～1944, Hebei Xianxian native, then commander of the Hui People's Detachment) "The great mother is still alive despite her death, and my son will inherit his mother's will and fight the Japanese to the bitter end! " Background: In order to beckon Ma Benzai to surrender and eliminate the Hui Min Detachment. The Japanese captured Ma Benzai's mother. The Japanese army on the horse mother coercion, let her write persuasive letter to persuade his son to "surrender to the Imperial Army", enjoy "glory and wealth", but the mother of Ma steadfast, and hunger strike way to fight, and finally honorably sacrificed. Learning the news of his mother's sacrifice, Ma Benzai forced to endure the grief to write the above words.