the latest authoritative classification of ornamental plum blossoms is 11 varieties groups officially released by Mr. Chen Junyu, the father of plum blossoms in China, and Mr. Chen Rui Dan in 29, which is developed on the basis of the previous three varieties groups-Zhenmei, Xingmei and Meiren (Cherry Plum).
1. Single-petal (Jiangmei) variety group
Jiangmei is a relatively primitive plum blossom variety with 5 petals, white petals, crimson calyx and fragrant flowers. Jiangmei was originally grown in the wild, and then introduced and cultivated. Many varieties that can be used for both flowers and fruits belong to Jiangmei variety group. Jiangmei also has pink and red varieties, such as Xiaohong Changxumei and Taohanhong.
Because most of the original plum blossom varieties are five petals, in the traditional flower patterns in China, five petals plum blossom has become the symbol representative of plum blossom, and has extended various auspicious meanings, so it is also called five blessings flower. Not only Jiangmei, cinnabar, green calyx and other types have single-petal varieties.
second, gongfenmei
gongfenmei, originally belonging to the gongfenmei type of true plum, is now a separate variety group. Gongfenmei is the most abundant species in plum blossom cultivation types. Gongfenmei has no single petal, and its petals are all compound or double petals, which are deep or light red, with strong and refreshing floral fragrance. Many plum flowers are also Gongfenmei.
Biejiao Zaoshui is a precious variety of Gongfen Plum with dense and fragrant flowers. It was approved by Academician Chen Junyu in 198s, and there is only one plant in Nanjing Meihuashan, and there are a certain number of cultivated plants.
Third, cinnabar plum
The petals of cinnabar plum have single petals, compound petals and double petals, mostly purplish red, with strong fragrance. Some Gong Fenmei and Zhusha Mei are similar in color, so in ancient times, Gong Fenmei and Zhusha Mei were both called "red plum". The difference is that the small branch section of Gongfen plum is green or yellow-white, and the small branch section of cinnabar plum is purple.
cinnabar plums are not all big red, but there are pink cinnabar plums, and Gongfen plums are also big red. The criterion for judging whether it is cinnabar plum is whether its branches are red in heart.
fourth, green sepal plum
is the most gentlemanly plum with white color, rich aroma and green calyx. Petals can be divided into single petals, double petals and compound petals.
the green calyx of money is a precious variety of green calyx, and a single petal can reach 7 to 8.
5. Huangxiangmei
has light yellow color, strong floral fragrance and few varieties. There are single petal and compound petal patterns.
Caowanghuangxiang is an excellent variety of Huangxiangmei, with compound petals, light yellow color and strong sweet fragrance.
VI. Jade Butterfly Plum
The color is white, the flowers are double or double, and the calyx is purple. Sometimes the tip of the bud is light red, but it will gradually turn white when it is in full bloom. Jade butterfly is the most "fairy" plum blossom.
VII. Apricot plum
Apricot plum is a natural hybrid of apricot and plum, which has strong cold resistance and can be safely wintered in Beijing and other places. It is called "Plum after Harvest" in Japan.
Eight, Beauty (Cherry Plum) Plum
19 At the end of the world, French scientists crossed Gongfen Plum as the male parent and Hongye Plum as the female parent, and named it Meiren Plum, also known as Cherry Plum. It was introduced into China from France and is now widely planted.
nine, jumping branches (sprinkling gold) plum
jumping branches and sprinkling gold are different names for a plum blossom. Jumping branches means that a plant can produce flowers of different colors at the same time without artificial methods such as grafting; Sprinkle gold on a flower, even a petal, showing different colors. This phenomenon exists in many types of flowers, such as peach blossom, begonia, cherry blossom, camellia, rouge flower and so on.
X. Prunus mume
The branches naturally droop or droop obliquely, and the common name is Shui Mei. This is a plum blossom type with the shape of branches as the first classification standard. According to the flower pattern, it can be divided into palace powder hanging branches, cinnabar hanging branches, green calyx hanging branches, jumping snow hanging branches and so on.
Xi. Longyoumei
Longyoumei's branches are naturally twisted, which is different from the artificially coiled ones. Longyoumei is a variety of Jiangmei. This is also the plum blossom type with the shape of branches as the first classification standard, and there are few varieties.