Chuanjiang trumpeter is a kind of folk singing form in which Chuanjiang boatmen lead the singing and all the boatmen help each other to unify their movements and rhythms. The section of the Yangtze River from Yibin to Yichang, which is more than 1000 kilometers long, is commonly known as Chuanjiang. The waterway is difficult, the shoals are densely covered, the reefs are numerous, and the water is fast. Chongqing and eastern Sichuan are the main birthplaces and inheritance places of Chuanjiang chant. I. Historical Features In Bayu, mountains overlap, rivers crisscross, and traffic is inconvenient. For goods circulation and passenger traffic, wooden boats are needed to carry passengers and goods, so cypress sailboats have become the main means of transportation. Small boats have several boatmen, while large ones have twenty or thirty boatmen, or even more. Zhong Weng, also known as the captain, is the master of a ship. When the ship stops and rushes to the beach to fight for water, it should be fast and slow, and all the boatmen obey Zhong Weng's command. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhong Weng played drums as the horn to command the ship, and unified the rhythm of pulling the radial. It was only in the middle of the Qing Dynasty that the chant gradually emerged, resulting in a special chant head. Day after day, year after year, Chuanjiang trackers "scrape sand with their feet on stones, and travel all over the world in the wind and rain", leaving deep fiber marks honed by fiber ropes on hard stones. The trumpets shouted by the trackers with heavy loads have become the famous Chuanjiang trumpets, which are high-pitched, heroic and powerful and reverberate in the Xiajiang River for a long time. Second, the artistic characteristics of the chant head According to the different water potential of rivers and the dangers of Mingtan Reef to sailing, according to the labor rhythm of rowing and pulling the radial, some chants with different rhythms, different tones and different emotions are created. For example, when the boat is in the water or in the water, it is necessary to sing "Moyo chant", "radial chant", "second-rate rowing chant" and "dragon" When breaking the beach, sing "lazy big radial chant", "picking up radial chant" and "chicken pecking rice chant". These chants are magnificent and intense, and have strong labor rhythm characteristics to meet the needs of sailing on the beach. When the boat is pulling the fiber on the water, it is necessary to sing "Daturtledove Song", "No.23 Song", "Scratching Song" and "Fading Bubble Song". Such songs are generally melodious, and the boatman is very tired when pulling the fiber, which has formed musical characteristics in order to relieve the tension, unify the pace and concentrate the strength. When crossing the dangerous beach, you should sing "the song of the boat" and "the song of the cross", which is characterized by intense and majestic tones. Representative repertoires include Eighteen Pulls, Eight Langs Returning to Camp, Cassia Writing, Kuixing Building and so on. Song of Pulling Fibers, Song of Catching Cables, Song of Sculling, Song of Parry, Turtledove, Little Turtledove, etc. During the years of singing the trumpet, different types of trumpets have been formed, including four-cavity counting board, lazy big-radius counting board, multiple-radius counting board, fast-flow counting board and landing cavity counting board. Among these accents, the rhythm of the lead singer of the bugle has changed in the specification, and the Hua Yin with a small cavity is widely used, with a certain improvisation component, so there are ten different sayings, but on the whole, it has a magnificent and exciting tone and a sweet and lyrical melody, which plays a unified role in rowing and adjusting the boatman's anxious mood. Bring a little joy to the poor boatmen in the environment of facing water on three sides and facing the sky on one side. Chants are also rich in lyrics, which are often composed on the topics of place names, products, history and human landscapes along the Yangtze River, and are rich in knowledge. Such as "there are famous places on both sides of the Sichuan River". When the bugle head composes and sings the bugle, the beach mouth along the river is included in the lyrics. In the past, the old man and bugle head sailed in the Yangtze River for many years, regardless of the ups and downs of the water, the open reefs and hidden castles along the river and the speed of the water passage were kept in mind, which accumulated rich sailing knowledge and ensured the safety of sailing. Therefore, in the past, Minsheng Steamship Company, Qiang Hua Steamship Company, China Merchants, etc., invited some young people who were very familiar with the water quality of Chuanjiang River to the company to train their knowledge about ships, and then sent them to the ship as sailors and navigators, and then promoted to the important positions of leading the river and captain. Third, the inheritance value Chuanjiang chant has a very long history and is the most distinctive among Sichuan labor chants. Chongqing and Sichuan have benefited from boat trips since ancient times, and many historical books have recorded this. In recent years, the Neolithic "stone anchor" and the "fiber-pulling figurines" unearthed along the banks of the Yangtze River have confirmed the long history of Chuanjiang waterway transportation industry. However, the human geography, customs, natural scenery and the custom of using songs to assist workers in shipping on both sides of the Sichuan River are enduring themes, whether in folk songs or in the poems of scholars such as Du Fu and Li Bai. Academics generally believe that Chuanjiang Haozi is a cultural treasure in the history of waterway transportation in the Yangtze River, and it is a song of life condensed by the blood and sweat of boatmen when they are struggling with dangerous waters. It has the characteristics of a long history of inheritance, rich categories of tracks, high-pitched and exciting tunes, leading the crowd and being a disciple. Its existence essentially embodies the indomitable fighting spirit of the working people in Sichuan and Yangtze River basins in the face of the sinister natural environment since ancient times and their character characteristics of being bold and heroic without losing humor. At the same time, in the form and content of music, its development is also relatively perfect, with high cultural and historical value. With the popularization of motorized iron boats, boats powered by manpower are running in some main river bends and tributaries, and the foundation of Chuanjiang Haozi's survival and development has begun to shake. In addition, due to factors such as inheritance faults, Chuanjiang Haozi is facing an endangered dilemma. Rescuing and protecting Chuanjiang's chant, so that it can be inherited from generation to generation among the people, will play a positive role in enriching and developing China's water music culture and even the world's water music culture. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20, 2006, Chuanjiang Haozi was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

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