zi), also known as "corn", "tube dumplings", is the Dragon Boat Festival Han Chinese traditional festival food, by the dumplings wrapped in glutinous rice steamed. Legend has it that it was passed down in honor of Qu Yuan, is the deepest cultural accumulation of traditional food in Chinese history, with a heavy sense of history, loved by the people. 2010 December, Jiangxi De'an County, Song Dynasty tombs unearthed two physical zongzi, according to the evidence, this is the world's earliest physical zongzi. As early as in the Spring and Autumn period has appeared "tube brown", the Southern Liang also appeared in the beginning of the medicine and food zongzi, until now every year on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, the Chinese people have to dip the glutinous rice, wash zongzi leaves, packaged zongzi, this custom also spread to North Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.

Zongzi (Pinyin: zòng zi, English: rice dumpling)

Zongzi

Cool zongzi is the Dragon Boat Festival festival food, the ancient name of the "corner of millet", "tube zongzi" a variety of patterns. The Dragon Boat Festival to eat zongzi, which is a traditional custom of the Chinese people, and accompanied by a lot of folk activities, its long history.

The legend says that the festival was born to sacrifice Qu Yuan, who threw himself into the river, and on that day, they sent zongzi to each other as a remembrance, and the zongzi is also the most culturally deep-rooted traditional food in the history of China so far.

Till today, every year, the beginning of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, the Chinese people have to dip the glutinous rice, wash zongzi leaves, package zongzi, its color varieties are more varied. From the filling point of view, the north more packages of small jujube Beijing jujube dumplings; the south has bean paste, fresh meat, eight treasures, ham, egg yolks and other fillings, which is represented by the Zhejiang Jiaxing zongzi. Eat zongzi custom, for thousands of years, in China prevailed, and spread to North Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. [1]

Duanwu Festival children wear scented pouches, the legend has the meaning of the evil spirits to drive away the plague, is actually used for the lapel head embellishment decoration. The bag is filled with cinnabar, andrographis, incense, wrapped in silk cloth, fragrant, and then the five-color silk thread string buckle into a rope, for a variety of different shapes, knotted into a string. Because of the different customs of different places, people give the meaning of the dumplings are also different, in the south and the north there is a big difference. [1]

Documentation, the Southern Liang Dynasty, known as the "mountain prime minister," Tao Hongjing had lived in Tao Mountain, known as Tao Gong. Tao Gong opened up the land and planted medicines to drive away epidemics and treat illnesses for the people. Since then, every Dragon Boat Festival, the local people will use the herbs taught by Tao Gong to cook rice dumplings to prevent disease and fitness. Jiangnan Jing Shi poetry manuscript - Dragon Boat Festival Taoshan tasting zongzi" poem: "five days in the village of fresh horn zongzi, fade rope Ruo gas is still warm. Light yellow should be impregnated with Taogong grass, cream rice tongue turned fragrant array spray." The poem carries the history of the same medicine and food zongzi, but also reflects a medicine and food culture.

China

The zongzi not only shape a lot of different varieties, due to the different flavors around our country, there are mainly sweet, salty two. Sweet flavor has white water rice dumplings, red bean rice dumplings, broad bean rice dumplings, date rice dumplings, rose rice dumplings, melon kernel rice dumplings, bean paste lard rice dumplings, date mud lard rice dumplings and so on. Salty: pork dumplings, ham dumplings, sausage dumplings, shrimp dumplings, meat dumplings, etc., but more pork dumplings. There are also southern flavors of the Shuusei leaf egg yolk meat dumplings (Hainan), mixed rice dumplings, bean paste dumplings, mushrooms, etc.; there is a head of sweet and a head of salty, a dumplings of two flavors of the "double spelling dumplings". These rice dumplings are different flavors with the different flavors of the rice dumplings. [6]

Guangxi region

Guizhong region like to pack the shape of the pillow pillow dumplings. Guizhong region, a large pillow rice dumplings with half a catty to a catty of rice; and Guilin region like to pack a catty of rice can do six or seven dumplings of small pillow rice dumplings. North of Guilin is like to pack the shape of the dog's head like the dog head zong. In the zongzi wrapping process of ingredients and each has its own characteristics. Such as guilin people package zongzi like to add a little alkali powder, in order to cook the zongzi produce alkali flavor; and the whole state people package zongzi like to soak glutinous rice with straw ash water, with this method of packaged zongzi both moderate alkali flavor, but also has the color of the appetizing. [6]

Guangdong region

The representative varieties of southern rice dumplings. Large in size and chic in appearance, in addition to fresh meat zongzi and bean paste zongzi, there are also egg yolk zongzi made from salted egg yolk, and assorted zongzi with diced chicken, duck, barbecued pork, egg yolk, mushrooms, and mung bean paste blended as fillings.

The dumplings in Chaoshan are unique, and one of them, called "double-cooked" dumplings, is a traditional snack that has long been famous in the Chaoshan area. Steamed rice dumplings is a specialty of Zhaoqing, known as the "king of refreshments", but familiar with the "Dragon Boat Festival rice dumplings" but there is a clear difference. General zongzi wrapped in mango leaves, twisted quadrangular or long, while Zhaoqing steamed with the local unique winter leaves wrapped, watercress wrapped, pillow-shaped or Egyptian pyramid.

Hainan region

and the mainland north of the zongzi is different, it is wrapped by the Shuu leaves into a square cone, weighing about half a kilogram or so, glutinous rice can be put into the salted egg yolks, pork, pig's trotters, salted fish, barbecued pork, chicken wings and so on for the filling. The flavor of the rice dumplings is unique. When the dumplings are peeled off, there is the fragrance of Shuusei leaves and glutinous rice, and then there is the fragrance of meat and egg. The aroma is both thick and light, and the flavor is both meat and vegetable, which makes the eater's appetite wide open. Hainan rice dumplings and Dingan black pork rice dumplings, Danzhou Rocky rice dumplings, Chengmai Ruixi rice dumplings are the most famous. In addition, Hainan rice dumplings will be grass ash soaked in water to take the upper layer of clear liquid soaked glutinous rice, made of alkaline water dumplings. Hainan Li also have three-color dumplings and dumplings wrapped in coconut leaves.

Taiwan

With a strong Minnan flavor, there are many varieties of white rice dumplings, green bean dumplings, barbecued pork dumplings, eight treasures dumplings, roasted meat dumplings.

Southern Fujian

Xiamen, Quanzhou's burnt meat dumplings, alkaline water dumplings are famous at home and abroad. Roasted meat dumplings rice must be selected from the best, pork and choose to brine and rotten, plus mushrooms, shrimp, lotus seeds and brine broth, sugar, etc., eaten when dipped in garlic, mustard, spicy, red hot sauce, turnip acid and other condiments, sweet and tender, oily and not greasy. Southern Fujian dumplings are divided into alkaline dumplings, meat dumplings and bean dumplings. Alkaline rice dumplings are steamed with lye in the glutinous rice, both sticky, soft, slippery characteristics, iced with honey or syrup is particularly tasty. Meat dumplings are made of marinated meat, mushrooms, egg yolks, shrimp, dried bamboo shoots, etc. The meat dumplings of Quanzhou Zhonglou Meat Dumpling Shop are the most famous. Bean dumplings are popular in Quanzhou, using September beans mixed with a little salt, with glutinous rice wrapped into, after steaming, bean aroma. Of course, there are also dipped in sugar, that is, white water rice dumplings.

Wuxi

Wuxi's dumplings are less elaborate and less refined than those of Suzhou, which is also a part of the Wudi civilization, both in terms of the way they are wrapped and the ingredients they use. From the method of wrapping zongzi, Wuxi people wrap zongzi more like to wrap small feet zongzi, triangle zongzi, and so on. In terms of materials, Wuxi common people's families eat zongzi are mostly red bean filling, white rice filling and meat zongzi, these fillings are relatively simple to take, preservation time is also long

Hunan

Hunan zongzi Hunan Miluo has always been more varieties of sophisticated production and is known in the world. Miluo's burnt meat dumplings, glutinous rice must choose the best, pork choose three layers of block head, the first brine and fragrant and rotten, plus mushrooms, shrimp, lotus seeds and brine broth, sugar, etc., eaten dipped in a variety of ingredients such as garlic, mustard, spicy, red hot sauce, turnip acid, oily and not greasy.

Hangzhou

Hangzhou rice dumplings are different from Jiaxing rice dumplings and Huzhou rice dumplings, and they have developed their own styles in appearance and method of tying. Its representative is a hundred years of Huichang store "Tangqi rice dumplings", the main characteristics of the meat, Shaoxing wine, Du glutinous rice, green bamboo leaves, clay stove, iron pot, old soup cooking. Hangzhou rice dumplings also have a unique method of steaming, requiring a particularly long time, emphasizing "a thousand rolls is better than a smothered". Chen Guoming's poem "Eating Huichang Rice Dumplings" reads: "Sven's mouth is full of old winter baking, and the green shirt of the world is not poor. To solve the true flavor of the world, the rice family calligraphy and painting Huichang dumplings."

Ningbo region

Ningbo, Zhejiang Ningbo dumplings for the quadrangular, alkaline water dumplings, red bean dumplings, red date dumplings and other varieties. Its representative varieties of alkaline water zongzi, is in the glutinous rice to add the appropriate amount of alkaline water, with the old yellow Ruo leaf wrapping. Cooked glutinous rice into light yellow, can be dipped in sugar to eat, fragrant and delicious.

Huzhou area

Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, is located on the shore of the Taihu Lake and has been known as the land of fish and rice since ancient times. Huzhou zongzi into a pillow-shaped, so the name pillow zongzi. Some people also because it is quite beautiful lines, but also small and elegant, so it is called the beauty of the dumplings. [6]

Jiaxing region

Jiaxing zongzi for the quadrangular, with fresh meat, bean paste, eight treasures and other varieties. Such as fresh meat dumplings, often in the lean meat into a piece of fat meat, dumplings cooked, fat oil seeped into the rice, the entrance fat but not greasy.

Take Zhenwu Mountain high-quality sweet tea leaves by decocting the juice used to make zongzi, its zongzi color golden yellow oil, the entrance lubrication tender, soft and sticky, teeth and cheeks, sweet aftertaste, greasy digestion, nutritious and suitable for diabetic consumption. Most places in zhejiang, especially the western zhejiang mountainous area residents from generation to generation, from ancient times are used to sweet tea cooking dumplings, cooking tea rice, cooking tea porridge traditional habits. Dream of the Red Chamber" sixty-two and other episodes of the plot has been repeatedly told that Jia Baoyu love to eat sweet tea rice plot.

Beijing

Beijing dumplings are representative of the northern varieties of dumplings, which are smaller and diagonally quadrangular. In the rural areas of the northern suburbs, it is customary to eat rhubarb rice dumplings, which are sticky and fragrant, and are mostly filled with red dates and bean paste.

Shanghai

Shanghai region

To the Apricot House, Xinya as the representative of the Canton style zongzi eat soft and strong flavor, the shape of the bottom of the flat, square, five-pointed

shaped: a corner upward, the rest of the stretch to the four sides. Canton style zongzi varieties, there are chestnut, fresh meat, egg yolk, mushrooms; wrapped pillow zongzi roast duck

Egg yolk fresh meat zongzi, mushrooms, chestnut, fresh meat, egg yolk, rice kernel, and other alkaline water zongzi, bean paste zongzi, fresh meat zongzi, egg yolk zongzi, adzuki bean zongzi, and so on.

To the old half Zhai, Yangzhou Hotel, represented by the Huaiyang characteristics of the zongzi for the "eight flavors and eight styles", authentic "small feet" white rice dumplings, quadrangular-shaped red dates and red bean dumplings, weighing the shape of the egg yolk and chestnut rice dumplings, yuanyangbao-shaped ham dumplings, triangular-shaped salted pork dumplings bean boards, pillow fresh meat dumplings, long pillow wind chicken dumplings, diamond-shaped bean paste rice dumplings, distinctive features.

Kung Tak Lam serves mushroom dumplings, bean-board dumplings, bean-sand dumplings, red-bean and red-date dumplings, pine-nut and white rice dumplings and luohan dumplings, all featuring vegetarianism.

The halal Hong Changxing rice dumplings are very Muslim style, rice dumplings shell slightly green, angular, clean appearance, taste pure, especially "beef rice dumplings", is not other gangs.

Shen Dacheng, Shanghai Jiaxing zongzi store, Wu Fang Zhai and other traditional specialties of the supply of zongzi is "a variety of", bean paste, fresh meat, white rice, red dates and red beans, fresh meat and egg yolk and so on. Shen Dacheng's first curry chicken dumplings are colorful. Various types of rice dumplings from the variety to the shape, from the taste to the color are different, the big wide wrap pillow rice dumplings 450 grams a, and mini rice dumplings only 25 grams each.

Suzhou ground

Suzhou zongzi mostly present long and thin quadrangular, fresh meat, date paste, bean paste, lard sand and other varieties, with ingredients, fine production and other characteristics.

Sichuan

Sichuan people spicy, so the zongzi also have sweet and spicy points, Sichuan's spicy zongzong, due to the production of sophisticated, complex technology, its unique flavor.

Shaanxi region

Honey cool rice dumplings, Xi'an, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi area unique popular summer food. It is shaped like a diamond horn, white as jade, cool and relieves summer heat. Eat with silk thread or bamboo knife cut into small slices, placed in a dish, drizzled with honey or rose, osmanthus syrup. It is soft, cool and sweet, aromatic and delicious, refreshing the lungs and lungs, and has a unique flavor.

Honey cool rice dumplings

Honey cool rice dumplings, a long history, much recorded in history. Growing up in Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty Duan Cheng style written by the "Youyang Miscellany Chopper" recorded: "Geng family dumplings, white Ying as jade". As early as in the Tang Dynasty, it is the Tang Zhongzong years, it was then a popular "burnt tail feast" on a delicacy. At that time, it was called "give Him with fragrant rice dumplings" (honey drizzle). Later, Chang'an city also gradually appeared in the store specializing in the operation of this kind of zongzi, and make this kind of zongzi technology has been quite superb. The famous Tang Dynasty poet Yuan Zhen once composed a poem praising: "colorful strands of Bijun dumplings, fragrant Japonica white Li group". And according to the "times and years" said: "Dragon Boat Festival zongzi famous products are very much, the shape varies, there are corner zongzi, cone zongzi, diamond zongzi, tube zongzi, weighing zongzi (also known as the nine son zongzi)". From this, as far as the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an honey cool zongzi has been to the court down to the folk of the famous food.

Western Henan mountains

The mistletoe drop is one of the specialties of the western and southwestern mountains of Lushan County, Henan Province.

The mistletoe pendant is a necessary food for the Dragon Boat Festival. It is a special kind of zongzi. The history of the Dragon Boat Festival is as long as the history of the Dragon Boat Festival. Mistletoe (sound hu) package is used for the leaves of the mistletoe tree, wrapped in millet or millet, small beans, red beans, western peas (bean seeds), the family a little better plus chestnuts and jujubes; through the eight processes, in the washing, rubbing, wrapping, cooking, steaming, covering the processing of the two days after the Dragon Boat Festival in the morning in order to eat this fragrant, sweet, sticky, delicious mistletoe package. Here is a special note is the mistletoe leaves, mistletoe leaves ---- best food green packaging "Materia Medica" records: mistletoe leaves, smell sweet, bitter, flat, non-toxic, with the effect of stopping bleeding, quenching thirst and facilitating urination. It is generally used for internal use: decoction, pounding juice or grating. Externally: decoction and washing. After the mistletoe leaves are washed, rubbed, boiled, steamed and muffled, in the color of the leaves, it becomes maroon, and in the smell, it becomes a fresh and fragrant taste.

Foreign

Eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional Chinese custom and a unique Chinese festival food. However, there are also different customs of eating zongzi abroad.

Korea's rice dumplings North Koreans in the Dragon Boat Festival on this day have eaten "wheel cake" custom, people will be fresh buds

Ai leaves boiled and crushed, mixed in the rice flour, and then made into the shape of a wheel, the North Koreans call it "wheel cake".

Japanese dumplings Japanese people over the Dragon Boat Festival also eat dumplings, but the Dragon Boat Festival in Japan is in the calendar on May 5, Japan's dumplings are not made with glutinous rice, but with ground rice flour, dumplings in different shapes and Chinese dumplings, the shape of its shape in the shape of seeds.

Vietnamese dumplingsVietnamese dumplings are wrapped in banana leaves and come in both round and square shapes.

Vietnamese rice dumplings, they believe that the round rice dumplings on behalf of the sky, square rice dumplings on behalf of the earth, heaven and earth in one, great luck. There is also a sweet dumplings, is made of glutinous rice flour pinched into powdered dough, shredded coconut, red bean or green bean filling stuffed into the powder made of diamond-shaped dumplings, steamed and then dipped in honey or granulated sugar to eat. Vietnam at the Dragon Boat Festival to eat square salty rice dumplings. These dumplings are filled with shrimp, lean meat, duck egg yolks and red beans, and have a Fujian and Guangdong flavor.

The dumplings of Myanmar Burmese people love to eat dumplings, but there is no holiday cultural colors and commemorative activities, just as a food. The Burmese people's dumplings are made of glutinous rice as the main ingredient, with bananas and coconut as the filling, fragrant, soft and crispy, sweet and intoxicating.

Singapore's rice dumplings Singaporeans love flowers, whenever a guest visits, the host will send a few bouquets of flowers, and will also come to the flower juice dyed rice dumplings guests to taste. This flower juice dumplings are wrapped in green leaves into a polygonal shape, only the size of an egg, unfolding the green leaves, inside the dumplings are dyed by the flower juice into a light green rice flour refined from the color and lustre attractive, eat up the taste of fragrant and delicious.

Malaysia's rice dumplings Malaysia, people do rice dumplings with the Guangdong area of the rice dumplings are somewhat similar

Malaysia rice dumplings, in addition to the more common varieties of fresh meat rice dumplings and ham rice dumplings, there are also bean paste and coconut and other types of rice dumplings, sweet and savory, delicious and mellow

Thailand rice dumplings Thailand wrapped in rice dumplings small as an egg, because of the green rice dumplings with the leaves. wrapped, so after steaming was light green, very fragrant flavor.

Mexico's dumplings Mexico's dumplings, also known as "Damar", the raw material is coarse cornmeal, filled with sliced meat

Myanmar dumplings and chili peppers, wrapped in corn or banana leaves, a distinctive flavor.

Indonesian dumplings Indonesian people are particularly concerned about the dumpling filling, pork filling, beef filling, chicken filling, bacon filling, ham filling, as well as broad-flavored sausage filling, shrimp filling, fish filling. Indonesian rice dumplings are made of round-grained rice, easier to digest than glutinous rice, coupled with the enticing aroma of bamboo leaves, is very capable of arousing people's appetites.

Costa Rica's dumplings Costa Rica's dumplings with a specially processed, sticky cornstarch as the main ingredient, with chicken, beef, carrots, potatoes, olives, chili peppers and so on. Some are also topped with beef gravy and then wrapped in fresh banana leaves to form a flat square.

Philippine rice dumplings Philippines rice dumplings are a bit special, used to wrapped into long strips, the flavor and China's Jiangsu and Zhejiang area of the rice dumplings is almost the same, and they are in the Christmas season, the rice dumplings as an indispensable food.

Latin American dumplings Latin America is also popular in Latin America, a food similar to dumplings, which probably want to start

Latin American dumplings originated from the traditional food of the Indians, they use banana leaves to wrap dumplings, the main material is corn flour and beans, eat up the flavor is very fragrant. About it there is a legend: more than 400 years ago, the Spanish colonizers ruled most of Latin America, the Indians were forced to go out to serve in the labor force, women for this cooked corn flour and beans wrapped up in banana leaves, as dry food for loved ones to take on the road. Over time, it became their tradition.

Peruvian dumplings Peruvians are eating dumplings at Christmas, the whole family sitting around together, while celebrating Christmas, while eating dumplings, and even married daughters also rushed back to her mother's home, and then tasted her mother's family dumplings flavor.

Venezuelan rice dumplings

Whenever Christmas comes, the domestic households wrapped rice dumplings, which has become a festive scene, by then, even the usual stores selling snacks are also filled with rice dumplings. This rice dumplings to cornmeal as the main material, to ham, bacon or sausage as a filling, but also added into the olives, raisins, wrapped in fresh banana leaves into a rectangular shape, each weighing about half a kilogram, roasted banana leaves, rice dumplings that is ripe.

Cambodian rice dumplings Cambodian rice dumplings known as "bag dumplings", it does not use plant leaves wrapped, but to take a bag, glutinous rice, red beans, dates and other layers of a layer of layer filled with bags, and then tighten the pocket steaming. When eating, peel off the bag and eat it with a knife.