Calorie (abbreviated as "Calorie" for short) is defined as the heat required to raise 1 gram of water at 1 atmospheric pressure 1 degree Celsius. 1 kcal is equal to 1000 calories, about 4 184 joules. The calories of fat are about 900 kcal per 100 grams; Sugar and protein have only 400 calories per 100 grams.