Pinyin name Xi m: o Ji

Alias Cirsium japonicum (Tao Hongjing), Cirsium japonicum Thunb., Cirsium japonicum Thunb. (Materia Medica), Cirsium japonicum Thunb. (Materia Medica for the Relief of Famine), Erigeron japonicum Thunb. (The Legacy of the Compendium), Green Cabbage, Potamogeton japonicum Thunb. (A Record of Medical Enthusiasm in the West) and Wild Safflower (Classified Herbs).

The source is the whole grass or root of Cirsium japonicum in Compositae. Harvest in summer and autumn and dry in the sun.

Original perennial herb with long creeping roots. Stems erect, about 50 cm high, slightly covered with spider-silk wool. Basal leaves wither at flowering stage; Cauline leaves alternate, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 5 ~10cm long and1~ 2.5cm wide, both sides are covered with spider-silk-like wool, the whole edge is undulate and serrate, the teeth are blunt and prickly, the edge has yellow-brown barbed teeth, the apex is sharp or dull, the base is narrow or obtuse, and there is no handle. Dioecious, the head is solitary at the top of the stem or the end of the branch; Involucre bell-shaped, bracts 5-lobed, sparsely woolly, exobracts extremely short, oval or oblong-lanceolate, with spines at the top, inner bracts lanceolate, longer, slightly wider at the apex, and dry film; Corolla purplish red; The male corolla is thin and tubular, 2.5 cm long, 5-lobed, the corolla tube is about 2 times longer than the upper tube brim, the stamens are 5, the pistil is sterile, and the style does not protrude out of the corolla; The corolla of the female flower is thin and tubular, 2.8 cm long. The corolla tube is about 4 times longer than the upper tube brim. The ovary is in the lower position, and the style is slender and extends out of the corolla tube. Achenes are oval, hairless, feathery and light brown, slightly longer than or equal to corolla when the fruit is hot. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruiting period is from August to September.

Habitat distribution is produced all over the country.

character

1 The stem of dried whole grass is cylindrical, often broken, 2 ~ 3 mm in diameter, with purplish brown, pilose surface and longitudinal edges; Hard, fibrous and hollow. The leaves are mostly broken, shriveled and curled, dark yellow-green, with white filiform hairs on both sides, whole or microwave-like, and golden needles. The head is terminal, the involucre is bell-shaped, the bracts are yellow-green, 5 ~ 6 rows, linear to lanceolate, the corolla sometimes does not exist, and the crown hair is feathery. Weak breath, sweet taste.

2. The dried roots are long and cylindrical, and the lower part is tapered: the top diameter is 3 ~ 7 mm, the surface is brown, with longitudinal edges, and many slender fibrous roots are inserted. Hard and fibrous in section.

Generally, whole grass is used, while roots and stems are used in Qinghai. Textual research on ancient herbal books uses roots.

Processing thistle: clean impurities, remove roots, wash thoroughly, cut into sections and dry in the sun. Charcoal of Cirsium Cirsium: Clean Cirsium Cirsium, stir-fry in a pot with strong fire until 70% turns black, but it must be preserved, screened by wire, sprayed with clear water, taken out and dried in the sun.

Sexual taste

Sweet, cool.

1 Japanese herbal medicine: cool, non-toxic.

2 "Herbal Words": sweet and bitter in taste, cold in gas and non-toxic.

Meridian tropism

Entering the liver and spleen meridians.

1 materia medica tongxuan: entering the spleen and liver.

2 "New Edition of Materia Medica": Entering the lung and spleen.

Functional indication

Cooling blood, removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding. Treat hematemesis, epistaxis, hematuria, bloody stranguria, hematochezia, blood collapse, acute infectious hepatitis, traumatic hemorrhage, furuncle and carbuncle.

1 Dietotherapy Materia Medica: Take vegetables and cook them, except wind and heat. Root, the main collapse, and the woman was injured in the month, and she took it with half a liter of juice. The golden sore is bleeding, and the leaf is sealed. Xia Yue is hot and bored, so I pound the leaves and take half a liter of juice.

2 "Compendium of Materia Medica": breaking stagnant blood, stopping new blood, sudden bleeding, bloody dysentery (dysentery), bleeding from golden sore, vomiting, etc., wringing juice and taking warm clothes; For frying and sugar, alloy sores and spider snake venom, it is also good to take.

3 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": Root, cure heat and toxic wind and chest boredom, appetizing and eating, reducing fever and tonifying deficiency. Miao, get rid of the heat and make a juice suit.

4 "Materia Medica Illustration": raw roots and juice are taken to stop vomiting blood, bleeding and bleeding.

5 "Compendium": "Clear fire, dispel wind and clear phlegm, and solve all boils, carbuncle and swelling.

6 "Classification of Herbs": Treating blood stranguria, swelling and pain, traumatic injury, erythema and leucorrhea.

7 "Common Chinese Herbs in Shanghai": clearing away heat, stopping bleeding, lowering blood pressure, removing blood stasis and reducing swelling. Treat all kinds of hemorrhage, hypertension, jaundice, hepatitis and nephritis.

Administration and dosage: decoction,1.5 ~ 3 RMB (fresh1~ 2 RMB); Pouring juice or grinding. External use: ramming or decocting with water.

pay attention to

People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold without blood stasis should not take it.

1 "The Essentials of Pinhui": Avoid committing ironware.

2 "Ben Cao Jing Shu": It is not conducive to diarrhea with weak stomach, extreme blood deficiency, and weak spleen and stomach without thinking about diet.

3 "Herbal Words": It is not conducive to qi deficiency.

Attached prescription

1 Treating heart heat, hematemesis and dry mouth: raw lotus root juice, raw burdock juice, raw rehmannia root juice and Cirsium japonicum root juice in two, one spoonful of white honey. Mix the medicines together, stir them evenly, and sip them carefully regardless of time. ("Shenghuifang")

Treatment of bleeding on the tongue, but also treatment of cockroach: hold thistle, grind it, wring the juice, and take it with half a cup of wine. If there is no raw juice, only the dried juice is the end, and the San Qian Bi is lowered in cold water. ("Sheng Ji Zong Lu" Qingxin San)

3 Treatment of hematemesis and hemoptysis: Cirsium japonicum, Cirsium japonicum, Lotus Leaf, Platycladus orientalis Leaf, Grass Rhizome, Rubia, Gardenia, Rhubarb, Peony Bark and Palm Bark are equally divided. Burn the ash, grind it into fine powder, wrap it in paper, and cover the bowl on the ground for one night, which will cause fire poison. When using it, first grind the white lotus root juice or radish juice into a half bowl of Beijing ink and mix it with five yuan, and then eat it. (The Book of Ten Medicines and Ten Ash Powder)

4. Treatment of bloody stranguria caused by lower energizer: four parts of Radix Rehmanniae (washed), half parts of Cirsium japonicum root, talc, medulla Tetrapanacis, Pollen Typhae (fried), Folium Bambusae, Nodus Nelumbinis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis (reed removed, soaked in wine), Fructus Gardeniae seed and Radix Glycyrrhizae (roasted). Fine-cut, four yuan per serving, one and a half lamps of water, fry until eight minutes, take it warm and empty before eating. (Ji Sheng Fang)

5. Treatment of bleeding in the middle of collapse: grind the stems and leaves of Cirsium japonicum (wash and cut) into a cup of juice, add a cup of rehmannia juice, and half of Atractylodes macrocephala, fry in half, and take it warmly. (Qian Jin Fang)

6 Treatment of bleeding after pregnancy abortion: five leaves of Cirsium japonicum (filed) and five leaves of Leonurus japonicus (rooted and chopped). In three bowls of water, boil two flavors until they are thoroughly cooked, then remove them to a large bowl, and fry the medicine in a bronze vessel until one cup is served, which will be taken orally every day. ("Shengji Zonglu" Xiaoji Drink)

7 cure women's yin: decoction of thistle, washed three times a day. (Guang Ji Fang)

clinical application

1 treating sores

Rinse fresh Cirsium japonicum leaves with 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution and 0.5% salt solution for several times, press to get juice, stand for1hour, remove the supernatant, and mix 20 ml of dark green precipitation liquid and 80 g of white vaseline into ointment. 200 cases of sores, traumatic suppuration and occupational bittern traumatic suppuration were treated. Generally, they can be cured after dressing change for 4 ~ 7 times, and no adverse side effects were found.

2. Treat postpartum uterine atony and bloody collapse.

Take Cirsium japonicum extract (1:10)1~ 3 ml each time, and take it three times a day. 45 cases were observed, and it was proved that it had the function of contracting uterus and stopping bleeding. Generally, the uterus contracts by 2 ~ 5 cm on average 2 ~ 3 days after taking the medicine. Such as massive bleeding. You can take 4 ~ 8 ml each time, 3 ~ 4 times a day. After the blood stops, you can use the general dose, or you can take 2 pieces of fresh whole grass and decoct it in water twice. 30 cases of metrorrhagia and metrorrhagia were treated, and most of them stopped or decreased significantly after 2 days.

3. Treating leprous epistaxis.

Cleaning and mashing the whole grass, filtering out the liquid with gauze, decocting in a pot to evaporate its water, adding an appropriate amount of preservative after cooling, and putting it in a glass bottle for later use. When in use, the cotton ball is dipped in the liquid juice and stuffed on the bleeding point of the rotten surface or ulcer surface of the nasal septum, and it is replaced 3-4 times a day. 34 cases were treated and 24 cases were cured (70.6%). Generally, the bleeding stops in 4 ~14 days, and the ulcer surface of nasal septum heals in 21~ 33 days without any adverse reaction.

4 Treatment of infectious hepatitis

Take dry root 1 2 or fresh root/2, decoct in water for 0.5 ~1hour, filter and add sugar, and take it immediately before going to bed. Children1~ 3 years old, 4 ~ 7 years old and 8 ~12 years old take the adult's1/4,1/3 and1/2 respectively, and infants don't need it. 20 ~ 30 days is a course of treatment, and 7 ~10 days is a course of treatment for some cases with shorter course of disease. In the treatment of 22 1 case without icteric infectious hepatitis and signs of severe liver dysfunction and malignant hepatitis, the effective rate was 77.9% in acute stage, 42.8-69% in persistent stage and 2% in chronic stage. After treatment, dizziness, burnout, insomnia, abdominal distension and other symptoms have improved. Most of the pain in the liver area is relieved, the liver swelling is obviously reduced, and the liver function is also improving in different degrees, especially the improvement of jaundice index, bilirubin and transaminase is more obvious; But for severe jaundice cases, it seems to have the opposite result. Therefore, malignant hepatitis (including hepatic coma), patients with obvious liver dysfunction, hepatitis patients complicated with gastrointestinal bleeding, active tuberculosis, acute gastritis, malignant hypertension, heart failure and women in the third trimester of pregnancy should be contraindicated. Drug reaction: During 2-20 days of medication, there may be body fever, dizziness, burnout, vomiting, abdominal pain or insomnia, frequent urination, polyuria, urticaria, etc., which generally disappear within1~ 2 weeks, and severe cases can be cured after stopping medication.

Note In addition, the whole grass of the same plant is also used equally in Northeast China and Hebei Province. The characteristics are similar to those of Cirsium japonicum, but the stem is slightly thicker, with a diameter of 3 ~ 5 mm, and the leaf edge is obviously carved. The involucre of the head is brownish yellow, with 6-8 rows of bracts, triangular-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate. Weak breath and light taste.

Excerpt from * Dictionary