Glehnia littoralis is also known as Coral Cuisine, Glehnia littoralis, Glehnia littoralis and so on. Taking underground root as medicine has the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, nourishing stomach and promoting fluid production. Indications: lung dryness and thirst, body fluid injury caused by fever, bronchitis, etc. Location: Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan Province and Guangdong coastal provinces.
morphological character
It is a perennial herb of Umbelliferae, with a height of 5-20 cm and grayish brown villi throughout the plant. The taproot is slender, cylindrical, 30 cm long and 0.5- 1.5 cm in diameter, with few branches. Stems erect and unbranched. Basal leaves, stalk about 10 cm long, sheath-like at the base, membranous at the edge; Leaf blade ovoid or triangular-ovate, 3 pinnately divided or 2-3 pinnately parted. Compound umbel terminal; The total ridge length is 4 4- 10/0cm; Each umbel has flowers 15-20, petals 5, apex inflexed, white; Calyx teeth 5, narrowly triangular-lanceolate; Stamens 5, alternate with petals; The ovary is inferior, the style base is oblate and conical, and the stigma is 2-lobed. Double hanging fruit, spherical or oval, 5-ribbed, with cork wings and brown coarse hair; The fruit is yellow-brown when it is ripe.
1 Anguo, Hebei Province: It is a traditional old producing area of Glehnia littoralis. Before the reform and opening up, when the land was not contracted to households, Anguo drug farmers had the habit of planting Glehnia littoralis in their private plots. As a traditional cash crop, it has continued to develop until now. Anguo Adenophora adenophora is characterized by short and thick, rough skin, but its output is large and its price is low. It is mainly sold in China, used for processing decoction pieces and feeding in pharmaceutical factories, and only a small part is used for export. The output of Adenophora anguo accounts for 40% of the national total output, and it is the largest main producing area in China at present.
2. Laiyang, Shandong Province: It is also a traditional old producing area. Adenophora adenophora in Laiyang, commonly known as "one-column incense", is slender, yellow and white in skin, delicate in texture and slightly fragrant in smell, but its output is low and its price is high. Mainly sold in Shanghai, Guangzhou and exported to Southeast Asian countries. In recent years, due to the rapid development of other cash crops in Shandong, the cultivation of Glehnia littoralis has shrunk significantly.
3. Chifeng, Inner Mongolia: Niuyingzi Town in Chifeng is a new production area that has been baptized for many years. Because of its special sandy loam and light conditions, it is suitable for the growth of Glehnia littoralis. In addition, it is carefully managed by drug farmers, and its quality is better than that of Glehnia littoralis in Anguo. Its market price is higher, and it is mainly sold in Guangzhou, Shanghai and for export. Because Niuyingzi Town in Chifeng is far away from the professional market of Chinese herbal medicines, the farmers' awareness of market economy is weak, and their production fluctuates greatly due to the price, so it is an unstable production area.
Growth habit
Glehnia littoralis likes sunny, warm and humid environment. Cold tolerance, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, fear of high temperature, avoid continuous cropping. Requirements for soil: sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and rich organic matter is better. Low-lying land is not suitable for planting.
Soil preparation and fertilization
Choose fields with high terrain and good drainage, and intensively cultivate them. Combined with soil preparation, sufficient base fertilizer is applied: 5000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied per mu. Then make a bed and wait for sowing.
sow seeds
Glehnia littoralis is propagated by seeds, and the sowing dates are autumn sowing and spring sowing. Autumn sowing is around beginning of winter, and spring sowing is around Qingming. It is better to sow in autumn. Before sowing, the seeds must be treated, that is, the collected fresh seeds should be evenly mixed with wet sand according to the ratio of 1∶3, and then they should be managed in into the pit to keep the wet and low temperature conditions. When sowing, shallow furrows are first made on the whole border, and then seeds of Glehnia glehniae are evenly spread into the furrows and covered with soil. The ditch spacing is 20 cm. The sowing amount per mu is 8 kg.
field management
After the seedlings of Glehnia littoralis are fully planted, attention should be paid to intertillage weeding. If large-scale planting is carried out, herbicide should be used for soil treatment before seedling, which can effectively control all kinds of weeds. 3 true-leaf time seedlings with spacing of 3 cm. Pay attention to drainage in rainy weather, and water in time in dry weather. Before and after beginning of autumn, when underground rhizomes are rapidly expanding, topdressing should be done once: topdressing urea 10 kg and Trim mineral potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu. To promote the growth of underground rhizomes. After Glehnia littoralis buds appear, in addition to seedling planting, the buds should be cut off in time to prevent nutrient consumption.
extermination of disease and insect pest
1, rust: at the initial stage of the disease, it can be prevented and treated with 97% sodium dichloride 300 times or 25% triadimefon 1500 times.
2. Root rot: Comprehensive control measures can be adopted: ① Soil disinfection, and 3 kg of 50% carbendazim powder is evenly applied to the ground during soil preparation. (2) seed treatment: before sowing, the seeds of Glehnia littoralis are soaked in 500 times of 50% carbendazim for 24-48 hours. ③ Spray with 1∶ 1∶ 120 bordeaux solution before the onset of the disease or water the diseased plants with 50% tobrazine 1000 times solution at the initial stage of the disease.
The main pest is the harm of drilling into stems, roots and buds by borers. It can be prevented and treated with pyrethroid at the early stage of the disease. Aphids are sprayed with pirimicarb. Prevention and control of underground pests with phoxim.
Harvesting and processing
Glehnia littoralis was dug around first frost after growing for one year, and the stems and leaves on the ground withered. Cut off the stems and leaves on the ground first, then dig out the underground rhizomes, remove the soil, put them in boiling water and boil them for 10 second, then take them out when they can be peeled, immediately put them in cold water for cooling, and dry them in the sun or dry them in time after being peeled wet, and then sell them as medicine. The yield per mu is 250-350 kg.