Forage kale is an annual or perennial plant of the genus Brassica in the family Cruciferae. Conical root system, the main root base is thick, not deep into the soil. Stems are divided into nutritive stems and flowering stems. The shortened stem is the nutritive stem, and the flowering stem is drawn out from the terminal bud of the stem. Leaf blades are plump, smooth and glabrous, with white waxy surfaces, and clustered on the phragmoplasts in a scooped, ovoid or rounded shape. Racemes of small yellow or white flowers. The fruit is an elongated rounded hornbeam with about 20 seeds per pod, the seeds are purplish-brown orbicular with a thousand-seed weight of 3.3-4.5 g. Chromosome 2n=20.