Grasp as a whole
This is a written description of childhood, which is collected from Lu Xun's collection of "Morning Flowers and Evening Picks", including all the articles and his memories of childhood.
As you can see, from the title of the article, this article is composed of two parts, between the two parts? The performance of childhood games, interesting reading? I grew up reading.
The life of the First Herbal Garden points out in writing that there was once a paradise. Why is "paradise on earth"? "Needless to say ... needless to say ... alone ..." The infinite fun in the eyes of children is all-inclusive. Oil flies, crickets, centipedes and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Therefore, in the eyes of the author, these seemingly interesting little things are full of vitality and vitality, not to mention those things that are infinitely fun in the eyes of ordinary people. Although it is so interesting, no one dares to walk. Where is it? This is a very long and grassy place. Why? "According to legend, this garden is a great snake. "So, it will naturally lead to the long story of the beautiful snake mother. Although the story itself makes people a little scared and a little worried, it strongly attracts children, stimulates their curiosity and adds a little mysterious color to the Herbal Garden. It is possible to make a different grass garden than tasteless "grass garden in winter, like snow in winter." Therefore, the author thinks that catching birds in the snow, that happiness, that taste, relieves them. This is written by the author of the Herb Garden of Life, grasping the "Paradise", full of vigor and vitality.
Slowly, "I" grew up in a family and sent me to school, "I had to leave heaven". The author used a transitional period to skillfully live in his own herbal garden and learn to read Mr. Wang's career.
The article goes on to write about three pools mirroring the moon's life. Three pools mirroring the moon Luxun once lived for seven years, and his furniture three pools mirroring the moon this year is fresh in my memory. The "good" teacher "respects" and vividly shows the deep affection from such a life. In this part, the author selects several fragments, which truly and vividly reproduce some side effects of a private school education. First of all, Mr. Wang is knowledgeable, but refuses to answer "a strange question. Teaching has seriously increased the teaching content, and he is very devoted to reading, but he basically does not use corporal punishment for students with little restraint." From the students, I deeply admire the teacher's problems and are willing to learn new knowledge. Second, I have the opportunity to go out with them and find the fun of reading. I am ecstatic to use the teacher to read and do various games in the chair. It is not difficult to see that from these clips, private education is not as serious as we thought, and children still have quite a lot of freedom.
The scenery in the second paragraph is very exciting. First of all, both sides grasp the characteristics, but also the psychology of children. Ishii bar is "smooth" because it is used one year after the well; The reason is "smooth", because Lu Xun touched it curiously many times in his childhood. Bumblebee "obesity", compared with other insects, not only has a large body, but also reflects the feelings of special children. Known as the emperor's sudden "dart" of the sky, instead of just writing about the cleverness and flexibility of this bird, it also shows the envy of children. As for the children who wrote "Hum" and "Piano" of cricket, their feelings are unique. , shape, sound, color, smell and taste, spring, summer and autumn preparation. The "green" mulberry "purple" of the vegetable bed, the "yellow" of cauliflower and bee are written in colors, and the "fat" is high, and the "bloated" is like a small coral bead into a small ball. Whether it is to write cicadas visually or crickets by hearing, the piano "raspberry" writes: "Taste: this is really. In fact, it means from the scene of spring, summer and autumn in three seasons, mulberry, cauliflower in late spring, cicada and cricket in summer to autumn. This winter, I wrote the following four seasons map, which shows the delicate idea. Third, the level is orderly and neat. The first two "needless to say ....." write the whole Herb Garden, and part of the mud wall is written along "This is an order. Needless to say, write a still life from low to high first, and the second one is about animals from high to low, which is a continuous one. The whole animal is written from plants, and part of it is from animals and plants, and this is a sequential writing. Together, these types of scenes are not only orderly but also lively.
This article is good at association. Writing the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and associating them into immortal legends, writing the story of a beautiful snake with a long mother, the legend of a snake, mentioning the father of Runtu, writing Mr. Fowler, and reading and other writing students learn. Lenovo must make the article easy and full of fun, rope and receiving service, but also make the article more lively and colorful.
study
1。 Between the two parts? What is the relationship between "Herb Garden" and "three pools mirroring the moon" in this article? What are your thoughts and feelings about performance?
There are three different views on this issue. The two parts of one view are the comparison between a free and happy life and a boring and old life. Compared with the performance of a child who is psychologically suitable for children and is greedy for a while in three pools mirroring the moon, 1 is how to interfere with children's physical and mental development and dislike children in performance. Another view is that the relationship between the two parts is offset, and the freedom of boring life and the happy life in three pools mirroring the moon, and criticize the bondage and destruction of children in feudal education system. There is a view that the two parts are the harmonious and unified relationship of the whole text, the sweet and happy memories, the love for nature and the pursuit of knowledge, and the innocence of innocence. This article is the beauty of mood and charm, which lies in
BR /> The structure of this article has different understandings, in fact, it shows different interpretations of the theme article. The theme of the article, can allow different understanding, as long as it is meaningful.
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2。 Why write the story of the beautiful snake?
The story of the beautiful snake has nothing to do with the snake in the Herbal Garden at first, but it is associated with it. There have been different opinions on why to write this content. Some people say that the eldest mother is superstitious, some people say that the wish is to rely on goodness to subdue evil, and some people say that the performance has evil things. In the Herb Garden, we can put aside these different viewpoints and focus on teaching, so some students think: Was Lu Xun interested in this story as a child? See where it comes from? Is it helpful for the author of this association to put forward the "paradise" of the Herbal Garden? Finally, let the students understand: regardless of other people's debates, it can be seen that the story of the beautiful snake fascinated me, and I learned some lessons and realized some truth, but it also added more mysterious grass gardens.
3。 What is the attitude of Mr. Lu Xun when he mentioned this article in his childhood?
Mr. Admire believes in his profound knowledge and loves him very much, because the students are very naughty and naughty, but only Yu Xiansheng corporal punishment is applied, and they are rare, and they usually lose their eyes.
practice
According to the requirements of the read text, discuss the following questions.
The problem requires students to read the full text of the article, and to guide students to learn some skills and steps to read the article. On the basis of the overall perception of the main content, first read the theme and what kind of information to read for us in this question; Read more to understand the structure and main content of the article, and grasp the main ideas or feelings as a whole.
1。 The article, entitled "From Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon", is there any information about this topic?
The article "... to ..." generally consists of two parts, which also tells us the contents of the two parts, the articles before and after.
2。 Read the text quickly, in order to write a sentence consisting of the beginning and the end of three pools mirroring the moon in Baicaoyuan, with a transitional section in the middle.
From the beginning, there was a big park "in the middle" behind my house, which was too late, so it went to "write an article about going to the east in the part of the Herb Garden". Did it "write a part of three pools mirroring the moon; Between the two parts of "I don't know why people at home go to the school sent to me"? The transition part of.
3。 Close the reading of the text, and think and discuss the first and second parts while reading: What is the expression of the thoughts and feelings of this article? Three theories are provided below.
(1) three pools mirroring the moon Herbal Garden set off a depressing freedom and happiness, exposing and criticizing feudal decay and children's private school education.
② Compared with three pools mirroring the moon, where freedom and happiness are the same, children show their dissatisfaction with their love for nature and their psychology of enjoying a free and happy life, and at the same time, they are educated in the physical and psychological development of children liberated from feudal shackles.
(3) Memories, Baicaoyuan, three pools mirroring the moon, love nature, pursuit of knowledge, and naive, naive performance of joy.
Tao exercises are designed to help students master the theme of the article, combining the whole with the part. It is difficult for junior high school students to understand, because the complex text content is very profound. As long as you understand, you will achieve your goals.
There are three kinds of statements that have some truth, and students must give them proper recognition no matter which one they agree with. The first one is that according to the mediocre feudal private school education criticized by Lu Xun in several projects, the nature of children is stifled. Even in this article, write about the monotonous and dull private school of life. The second parameter is a statement that is more reasonable than the first revision. The third parameter, now accepted by the most vulnerable people, seems to be the most reasonable. The reason can be found in "related information".
Second, try to figure out the following text and answer the questions in brackets.
The purpose of the exercise is to guide students to make meaningful statements, understand the content of the article and understand the semantic focus of the article according to the meaning of the context.
1。 Needless to say, the green vegetable beds have smooth stone well fences, tall acacia trees and purple mulberries. Needless to say, the fat wasp with leaves and cicadas and Zhang Yin is crouching on the cauliflower, and the nimble son of heaven (lark) suddenly flies from the grass dart to the sky. The short mud feet around the wall along the single, have unlimited fun.
("Needless to say, it's not true. It's just ..." That's the point? Imitation segment)
After the "single", the key content.
2。 Maybe it's because Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. has destroyed the mud wall, maybe it's because bricks have been thrown into Liang's partition, or maybe it's because the Shijing fence has jumped down. ......
Do I know whether I was sent to a private school or not? Since you saw it? )
"I don't know if I was sent to a private school, because it involves reasons.
Thirdly, a series of verbs are used in succession to describe the bird catcher in the snow accurately. Taste carefully, and then write your own channel, or explain that in the process of playing games, after describing ants, you also spend a series of verbs.
Sweep open a snow on the ground, short pole to support a large bamboo screen from the side, sprinkle a share pole below and tie a long rope, hold it far away, and watch the bamboo screen pecked by birds go away. When the rope is pulled, it falls on the ground.
This problem is extended from the extracurricular practice of the course. It is necessary to guide students to learn to appreciate this passage and accurately describe a series of verb games on the basis of using verbs accurately. You can use the title game or choose the game.
Teaching suggestion
Teachers stimulate students to briefly introduce the text of Lu Xun's life combined with Lu Xun's childhood before class, and naturally introduce the text to analyze "reading interest." Lu Xun's childhood life reflected from a group of papers (collected in "morning flowers and evening flowers") led to the teaching of this article. Allow students to realize what influence the words about: life experience and Lu Xun's growing up in childhood may have?
Writing ability and difficult teaching and learning, which need to be properly handled, are related to teaching priorities and teaching difficulties, and the handling of teaching difficulties should be considered. Part of the difficulties in describing three pools mirroring the moon's teaching lie in two points: first, it is difficult to understand the content of this part, and the second is a bit puzzling. There are some different opinions about the content. It is normal to fully consider different views as long as we start from the text itself and contact the background of the appropriate teacher guidance thought. Students' understanding can be achieved to some extent.
The scenery of this article is very subtle. Students can learn not all the strokes here 1 1. The basic principles and practices of scenery writing, such as mastering the characteristics in the correct order, should guide students to master them. In addition, "the article on children's psychology is king Wang, the psychology of loving children." (Li He's Secret Language), it is acceptable to start with the scenery of language and understand the students' writing lyrically.
Fourth, "this story makes me feel that a person's intentional irony? Society "gentlemen" insurance "language, but it is difficult for students to understand it more subtly, but this does not prevent the understanding of such sentences from explaining the main content of the text too much.
information
, "Morning flowers pick up in the evening" preface (Lu Xun)
I often want to find a little quiet commotion, but it's really not easy. It is very strange that my heart is so unorganized. A person's career with only memories may always be a boring world of strikes, but sometimes it doesn't even have memories. About China's standards, or spiral. A few days ago, when I left Sun Yat-sen University, I thought of Xiamen University four months ago, and I heard planes chirping over his head. I actually remembered the puzzling plane in Beijing a year ago. I also made a short essay called "Sleep". Now, I'm wide awake.
The hot weather in Guangzhou set the goal of the western window as soon as possible, forcing people to wear a pot of "water horizontal branches" desktop, which I have never seen before. Is a piece of tree, as long as it is immersed in water, its branches and leaves are lovely. Take a look at the green leaves, the old compiled code draft, and finally do something to do such a thing. One day, this year's death, it can get rid of the hot spots.
BR /> The day before yesterday, the "wild grass" was fixed. This time, we inherited the "old story" from the "wasteland", and I also changed his name: "On the eve of North Korea picking up flowers. "Flowers, color is much better, but I can't. That is to say, I didn't let him suddenly change into a strange and unorganized article, or, in the future, when Yang saw the clouds in my eyes, he went on strike unblinkingly.
At one moment, I recalled my childhood many times. In his hometown, I ate more fruits and vegetables: water chestnut, arhat bean, water bamboo and melon. These are all very delicious, so chaotic, my homesickness. Later, after I had been waiting for a long time, I tasted better than this, only in memory, and the old average life expectancy. They may try to cheat my life, so I am always duty-bound.
The memory of 10 being copied may be somewhat different from the actual content, but I still remember it now. The style may be very messy, or stop after more than nine months. The environment is: the first two are written on the east wall of Beijing apartment; 3 displaced local hospitals and carpenter's houses; Fifth, the scholars upstairs in Xiamen University Library were squeezed.
On May 1 day, 1927 Lu Xun was in Guangzhou Baiyun Building.
("Complete Works", Volume 2, People's Literature Publishing House, 198 1 year)
two
Three-dimensional, three pools mirroring the moon and Lu Xun's childhood reading. He/kloc-went to school at the age of 0/2. In the second year after autumn, Lu Xun, a young boy imprisoned by his grandfather, left his hometown to take refuge in Shaoxing-Huangfuzhuang and Xiaogaobu. In rural areas, it was the summer of academic 1894, and the family returned to three pools mirroring the moon. If you don't learn this way, you will leave until 6 months in Nanjing Naval Academy in 1898, which is as long as 6 years from end to end. ......
Everything here is the best-preserved memory of Lu Xun: from Zhumen, a black oil entered the third study, with a plaque hanging in the middle: three pools mirroring the moon; Below the plaque is a picture depicting a fat sika deer falling under an old tree. "card? Plaques and paintings have lost their liberation. After liberation, party cadres tried their best to get them back. Grade students studied Lu Xun, liberated Zhoumei-qing, Yao Zhang-xiang and Mr. Huang. When they were alive, three old classmates recalled that three pools mirroring the moon had been restored to its original layout. The house is like an old living room, which seems to be strange to teenagers today. A * * * has 1 1 student seats. Lu Xun's seats are arranged in a rectangular desk drawer on the north wall, standing slightly lower on the chair behind the desk. "The light is very dark and the air becomes wet. On his desk, the word "Zao" is also engraved on the upper right corner with a square inch and a straight knife. It is a precious woodcut cultural relic hand-carved by Lu Xun's teenagers. About its origin, it goes like this: One day, Lu Xun was accused by a private teacher who was late for school. He carved the word "early" like a knife, self-monitoring. He has never been late since then.
, private schools
Private schools were established in ancient private teaching institutions in China. With a history of more than 2,000 years in China, in order to spread the culture of the motherland and promote the development of education, children with cultural enlightenment and school children have played an important role in the study of knowledge management.
Students in private schools are enlightened at the age of 6. There is no entrance examination. Generally, only with the consent of the chairman, Mr. Confucius in Gong Li and every student who kowtowed before Confucius' icon or Igor obtained the entrance qualification will enter the school. The scale is generally small, and the number of students in private schools is small, with more than 20 students. There are no uniform requirements and regulations on the age of going to school, the learning content and teaching level of students in private schools.
Textbooks of private schools, in ancient China and Mongolia, through improving the textbooks of "300 years, 1000 years, 1000 years", namely "Three-character Classics", "Hundred Family Names", "Thousand Family Poems with Three-character Classics" and "Daughters", "taught children to know through childishness and so on, so that students can further read the classics and view the ancient prose". The main teaching content is literacy and calligraphy, and it also attaches great importance to learning poetry.
Teaching hours in private schools can be divided into two categories: "short-term learning" and "lifelong learning" because of their flexibility sometimes. Known as "the teaching time of study is short, usually one to three months. The parents of this private school don't ask too much, just for students in the future to find some words, keep books and write Spring Festival couplets for life-long study". Every year in the first month of the lunar calendar, there are only sporadic museums in winter. "Long" means the qualifications of Mr. Wang's famous private school. Second, students study for a long time and learn the content.
As for the teaching principles and methods of private schools, in the basic education stage, Mongolian children in liberal arts education are highly valued, and Mongolian young people are emphasized to develop good moral character and habits. Mongolian boys' behaviors, such as clothing, etiquette, crossing hands, bowing to the road, seeing and hearing, have strict requirements for our educational tradition. The teaching method, sir, is completely infused. During the lecture, the chairman sat there, and the students opened the book on the president's desk. Then they stood by and listened to Mr. Wang's dotted mouth, and asked the students to repeat it. Afterwards, the students returned to their seats to read. The book read by Mr. Fan stipulates that students must always recite it. In addition, the widespread corporal punishment in the case of careless or naughty students in private schools often pulls the students' faces and ears and beats their hearts.
Fourth, the theme of this article, different opinions.
"From Herbal Garden to three pools mirroring the moon Theme? Controversial, the main difference lies in: one view is that the theme of this paper is to criticize the feudal education system, and the other view is that the feudal education system is not the most important.
1。 The theme is critical of the feudal education system.
Li Hejin: The central idea is to expose and criticize the feudal decadence, get out of children's private school education, live in a park-like herb garden and enjoy life greatly compared with gloomy, cold, boring and stale three pools mirroring the moon, 1 how many children's psychological performance; One is how it affects children's physical and intellectual development: such as "The Analects of Confucius" and "The Book of Changes". Promoting ancient books of feudal toxins is profound and forces students to memorize them. I wonder if I can ask.
Private schools that focus on the key feudal education and expose the physical and intellectual development of children, but Baicaoyuan, after all, is not a school, not a classroom for production struggle and class struggle, but it may lead to fun places for children, so this is not written in two classrooms.
The gentleman who wrote this article in a private school said, "I heard earlier that he is a square, simple and knowledgeable person in the city. This is a rumor, not the author's opinion. The author's opinion has penetrated into the whole narrative: through the sharp contrast between Baicaoyuan and three pools mirroring the moon, the life and death of teaching can be described as the embodiment of Confucius and Mencius by reading a boring article in class while reading a dead book; Touching the written form to forbid students to worship Confucius, what about Lu Xun's desire and admiration? Ask him the question of VE, especially a typical, ignorant pedant. The author is not fierce. His students "shout" and stare at "the ruler" and "kneel" occasionally, but these are not the usual old gentlemen, and they are exposed in a relaxed and humorous tone.
The article is not only? Detailed scenery, and the psychology of children who love the king, and the king is the king. The situation of love is that the children's psychology makes readers feel that this is the only natural sweetness: some people love Owen's prospects, prefer the scene of love, and prefer the feelings of this naive child, which even hates the feudal education that killed children.
(Selected from the works of Li's selection of Helin Beijing Middle School Chinese textbook 15, Lu Xun Test A "
Beijing People's Publishing House, 1974)
The Step of Snow: "Through the theme of two completely different lives, namely, Baicaoyuan and three pools mirroring the moon in childhood, the feudal education system exposed and criticized the core of Confucius and Mencius, thus showing the complete negation of Lu Xun's feudal society and education system.
(Choose whether the theme compiled from China Shandong Teachers College and Liaocheng Branch Library is the key feudal education system (Zhang Shuo).
The theme of "Lu Xun's Teaching Manual")
2。 Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon ",a historical summary: boring life in a free and happy life, compared with three pools mirroring the moon, whose children love nature and pursue freedom and happiness, the psychological criticism of the feudal education system is a manifestation of bondage and destruction for children. This generalization originated from Xu Qinwen's works of Lu Xun (Shanghai Education Press, 196 1 year), which were used as reference materials for second language teaching in the following years.
I believe this generalization is correct. In the first half of this year and the second half of this year, works that are not in line with reality are not in line with Lu Xun's creative intention. It is not important that prose is a feudal educational system for tenors.
"From Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon" (original title "Reviving the past" and "Looking at the flowers in the evening"). The origin and intention of Lu Xun's complete works of "Flowers in the Morning and Flowers in the Evening" have clear instructions. He said, "Flowers bloom in the morning, and the preface, this collection of essays, was written at this time in Beijing and Xiamen, and arranged in Guangzhou. At that time, it was Lu Xun's life that was displaced and depressed. "To understand, in the hubbub of tranquility," Lu Xun recalled the old good things, ruled out the current downturn, and looked for a "quiet" to send some comfort. "From Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon" is written on the upper floor of Xiamen University Library. He is a "scholar squeeze group", and he should be able to endure loneliness through his childhood like "Flower". This is one of them. Secondly, the "Preface" also shows the time of the original group name "revisiting" the program, and "I also changed the name for it:" Flowers bloom in the morning. This change is related to the actual content of this essay. Depressed and disappointed Lu Xun often recalls the fruit of his childhood hometown. This group of essays is full of fresh and sweet-smelling fruit slices from my childhood hometown, just like the horizontal branches of water in Lu Xun's desk basin, which makes them lush and lovely. These beautiful reminiscence essays are compared by Lu Xun to a group of blooming flowers in the early morning sunshine. Pick up from sightseeing, masturbation, not directly to fight for. It can be said, "pick up a love song about your childhood, instead of investing in the enemy's spears and daggers." From Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon ",one of them, its creative thinking can't be separated from picking up flowers from the outside.
From the actual work content, but we still can't see the average of the key feudal education. First of all, the description of three pools mirroring the moon in the front and back of the Herbarium Garden can't form a so-called "comparison" or "control" in the narrative style, which is seamless and consistent before, which is no problem with derogatory praise. Describe the life of the Herbarium, needless to say, what is happiness and innocence. So is the description of three pools mirroring the moon's life. The author describes that the first place provided in the library just arrived is a plaque full of strange feelings, such as "Black Bamboo Gate" three pools mirroring the moon ",and whether there is a ceremony of offering sacrifices to Confucius and thanking Mr. Confucius under the framework of" painting a very fat old tree with sika deer ",instead of closing the naive Lu Xun in childhood, which is full of provocative freshness of different grass gardens. If we say that the Herb Garden is nostalgic to three pools mirroring the moon, it will bring his curiosity to a new world. In the field, Mr. He said: "Strange" curiosity, it is impossible to get the answer from Mr. He's mouth or the book written by the author. It doesn't think this is the bondage of children, but only says: "Should a student ask these things?" ",and believe that the president must know, but don't want to say. Then, it describes the fun of reading life. " At noon, the lesson in the evening ","Let's open our throats and read for a while ","Voice ". Concept ",when he studied, always smiled, looked up, shook his head, figuratively, on the back of the past, the image, and the description in the past were also full of happy and naive style. Looking back on children's singing and reading with adults, it was a product of a sense of humor intertwined with loud fun, which gave people joy and fun from the appreciation effect. Here we can see" boredom ". Where is a key or derogatory style? The ruler even wrote the symbol of the feudal horse master's morality, and the author also wrote in a relaxed tone: "He kneels regularly with a cane, but he doesn't use it, but it's not common. He usually stares at it for a few times and loudly says:-"Read! "Two in a row" doesn't always use "sum". However, isn't it enough to reflect the attitude of the author three pools mirroring the moon? As for writing about the small garden behind three pools mirroring the moon, children play in the garden. In class, they secretly wrote that playing with the following paper armor and painting will make a happy life in the same way. Until the end of the article, the author also painted three pools mirroring the moon's achievements and proudly sold these paintings. Unfortunately,