? Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), also known as Zizhan and Hezhong, was known as "Dongpo Jushi", and the world called him "Su Dongpo". Han nationality, a native of Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City in the Northern Song Dynasty), and his ancestral home is Luancheng. He was a famous writer, calligrapher, painter, lyricist, poet, and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was one of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties and a representative of the Bold and Unconstrained poets. His poems, lyrics, fuses, and prose are all of high achievement, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of Chinese literature and art, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding people in the history of China's thousands of years of literature and art. His prose is called Ou Su together with Ouyang Xiu; his poems are called Su Huang together with Huang Tingjian; his poetry is called Su Xin together with Xin Qiji; his calligraphy is listed as one of the four major calligraphers of the Northern Song Dynasty: "Su, Huang, Mi, and Cai"; his paintings are pioneers. Huzhou School of Painting.
?Su Shi was one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Su Shi, his father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Zhe are collectively known as the "Three Sus". Su Shi became a Jinshi at the age of twenty. During the Shenzong period, he served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was framed for the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was demoted to Huangzhou as deputy envoy of Tuanlian. In Huangzhou for more than four years, he opened up wasteland and farmed on the east slope of the city, so he called himself "Dongpo Jushi". . After Zhezong came to the throne, he served as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites. He also went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north. He died of illness in Changzhou on the way and was buried in Jiaxian County, Henan Province. He was posthumously named Wenzhong Gong. He is known as "Su Dongpo" and "Dongpo layman". Historical records record that Su Shi was "more than eight feet three inches long, and Su Shi was as broad as the sea." Su Shi was Su Xun's second son (the eldest son died in infancy). In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he and his younger brother Su Zhe became Jinshi. He was awarded the title of Dali judge and signed a letter to the judge of Fengxiang Mansion. In the second year of Xining (1069), his father returned to the court after the mourning period expired and sued the court for the magistrate. Because he had political disagreements with Prime Minister Wang Anshi and opposed the implementation of the new law (not that he did not completely disagree with it, but he still partially agreed with it, he opposed it in the early stage, but later went deep into the people, learned about the benefits of the new law, and turned in favor of the good aspects of the new law), so he asked himself to be appointed as a foreign minister. For Hangzhou Tongjuan. Then he moved to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong) and then to Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he suffered the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was appointed deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province). He was placed in the state and was not allowed to sign official documents. After Zhezong was established, Empress Dowager Gao came to the court and returned to the court to serve as the imperial minister of Fenglang Zhidengzhou (today's Penglai, Shandong). Four months later, he was promoted to the title of Doctor of the Ministry of Rites. Within ten days of his appointment, he was moved to the School of Living and Learning, and was also moved to the Hanlin Academy to learn about imperial edicts (second grade) and the tributes of the Ministry of Rites. In the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089), he went to Hangzhou, and later changed his knowledge to Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuanyou's reign (1093), Zhe Zong was in power and was demoted to Huizhou (today's Huizhou City, Guangdong Province) and then to Changhua Army (today's Danzhou City, Hainan Province). Huizong ascended the throne and returned to the north after being pardoned. He died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu Province) in 1101, the first year of Jianzhong's reign, and was buried in Jiacheng County, Ruzhou (now Jiaxian County, Henan Province) at the age of sixty-six. He was given a posthumous title by the emperor. Wenzhong (Gong).
?Su Shi was talented, not only in poetry and prose, he was also good at calligraphy and painting. He is good at running script and regular script. His writing style is full of flesh and bone, with natural ups and downs. He is known as one of the "Four Masters of Song Dynasty" together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu. He studied famous masters of Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and benefited from Wang Sengqian, Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and became his own brand and created his own ideas. The writing style is plump and full of emotions, giving it a sense of innocence and innocence. Zi said: "I can't create my own calligraphy"; another said: "I come up with new ideas and do not follow the ancients." Huang Tingjian said: "In his early years, he was very good at using the pen, but he was not as good as the elder who gradually approached nature"; another said: "When he arrived in Huangzhou Later, his strokes were extremely powerful. "In his later years, he had the momentum of overseas turbulence, and his knowledge, broadmindedness, and knowledge were outstanding, and he experienced many ups and downs in his life. His calligraphy style is full of ups and downs, innocent and vast. You can imagine his calligraphy by looking at it. As a person. At that time, his brothers and nephews You, Mai, and Guo, and his friends Wang Dingguo and Zhao Lingju all learned from him; later historical celebrities such as Li Gang, Han Shizhong, Lu You, Wu Kuan, and Zhang Zhidong in the Qing Dynasty also learned from him. They all learned from him, which shows his great influence. Huang Tingjian said in "Valley Collection": "Those who are good at calligraphy in this dynasty should naturally recommend (Su) as the first." Handwritten calligraphy includes "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems", "Chibi Fu", and "Appreciation to Civil Teachers" ", "Dongting Spring Scenery, Zhongshan Pine Mash Two Fu Volumes", etc. He claimed that "Although I am not good at calligraphy, there is no better calligrapher than me" ("Ci Yun Zi You Lun Shu"). There are many words about calligraphy in the poems and postscripts. Su Shi was very insightful in his discussion of painting, advocating "spiritual resemblance" and "expressiveness", and proposed that "there is painting in poetry" and "poetry in painting", which was very influential in the history of painting. He is good at painting bamboo and stone. He has common knowledge and style but has his own style. Therefore, he has a sentence: "Although Dongpo belongs to the Huzhou School, the style of bamboo and stone has its own time." Less than ten of Su Shi's original paintings have been recorded in literature, and even fewer have been handed down. Today, only "Pictures of Ancient Trees and Strange Rocks" and so on remain.