Yungang Grottoes is located in Datong City, Shanxi Province. It has a very magnificent grotto landscape, and people who like Buddhist culture can visit it. After all, it is a work left over from early ancient Buddhism, which retains a lot of original charm and connotation. Here is a one-day tour guide for Yungang Grottoes. 1. Introduction to Play

This is my second visit to Yungang Grottoes. The last time was two and a half years ago, when I stayed with a group of people. Although I stayed for three hours, I was still unfinished because it was too big. At that time, I felt that I could not come to this place too many times. I went to the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang in March this year, which gave me a particularly good feeling, especially the Fengxian Temple. The lower part of the inward cliff is surrounded by huge statues, giving people a suffocating solemnity. If there is music, Sanskrit sounds like the West.

I thought at that time that Longmen seemed to be better than Yungang. This is a purely subjective experience, and there is no way to distinguish right from wrong. But less than two months after I went to Longmen, I went to Yungang again, and I felt that Yungang did not lose Longmen. Maybe I saw it briefly last time, especially a few caves with rich contents. At that time, the management asked for flowing in and out, so I walked around without feeling it too carefully.

This level of grottoes gives people an intuitive feeling of shock. Of course, there are many details that we can't appreciate in a short time. This time I came to Yungang with a group of people, and there were many people, so someone suggested calling a tour guide to explain. After listening to the tour guide's explanation, I really feel that we know very little about caves like Yungang.

It is like a big treasure, and now it opens the door for you. If you like it, there is enough space for you to explore and explore, and there are enough materials to prove it for you.

For example, if you are given a grotto, and you understand everything in it, you will basically have a deep understanding of Buddhism and grottoes. It's like doing a problem, finishing the problem in a book, and the rest will be related. The rest is just to solve problems with experience and then internalize them.

The excavation of Yungang began in the Northern Wei Dynasty and started in 46 AD.

In 494 AD, Tuoba Hong, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, moved to Luoyang, and the official excavation of Yungang ended, and the rest was mainly folk excavation.

The excavation of Longmen in Luoyang began, and then Longmen flourished in the Tang Dynasty.

As far as style is concerned, Yungang is bold, rough and generous, just like the Northern Dynasties, while Longmen is delicate, delicate and gentle, just like the Tang Dynasty.

Longmen is more like a gentle woman in the Central Plains, while Yungang is a magnificent man in the Northern Dynasties.

I went to Longmen not long ago, so I went to Yungang again, and I have a deeper understanding of this.

on my second visit, I learned something I hadn't noticed before.

There are many statues of two buddhas sitting side by side, and the two buddhas sitting side by side have their own Buddhist allusions, referring to the saying that Sakyamuni and Duobao are sitting side by side. This kind of sculpture theme is rare in other places, but it is particularly abundant in Yungang.

Of course, there is a reason for this. As an official cave, its statues are bound to have political implications.

Generally speaking, the coexistence of the two Buddhas refers to the ruling situation in which Wei Xiaowen and his grandmother, the civilized empress Feng Taihou, coexisted. Therefore, the statues of the two Buddhas sitting side by side should all be completed during Emperor Xiaowen's period, which is regarded as the second phase of Yungang.

A while ago, I saw a documentary about Buddhist statues in the western regions, which mentioned that two Buddhists sat side by side, saying that it was rare in the Central Plains.

As soon as I heard it, I felt something was wrong. Compared with the Western Regions, the Central Plains mentioned here is of course Middle-earth in a broad sense. The producer may not know that there are 386 statues of two Buddhas sitting side by side in Yungang, which can never be ignored.

It is the characteristic of Yungang that two Buddhas sit side by side, so I specially bought a small souvenir of two Buddhas sitting side by side.

In addition, there are many statues of Jiaojiao Bodhisattva here, which I have never seen in other caves. Jiaojiao Bodhisattva must be Maitreya, or Jiaojiao Maitreya. As the future Buddha, he is the successor of Sakyamuni.

The common image of Maitreya Buddha is a smiling face and a big belly. This image comes from a monk named Qiben in Ningbo after the Five Dynasties, and Xuedou Mountain in Ningbo is also a sacred place for Maitreya.

But the early Maitreya was not like this, at least he was not a fat man.

Jiaojiao Bodhisattva is one of the early images of Maitreya, which looks slim. Jiaojiao may be a sitting posture of kings and nobles in early India or Central Asia, symbolizing noble status.

when the type of sculpture is introduced, the sitting posture is also introduced.

There are also many sculptures in the Western Regions and Indian Kendra styles. In the early Northern Wei Dynasty, Buddha was always worshipped, but in the period of Emperor Tuoba-tao, Emperor Taizu, because weapons were found in the temple and Ho Choi, an important Taoist, persuaded him to destroy the Buddha. This is actually a dispute between Buddhism and Taoism.

At that time, most of the Samoans were secular, but a monk named Yao Tan lived alone. After Wen Chengdi Tuoba _(jun Sisheng), who worshiped Buddhism, ascended the throne, he became the Buddhist leader at that time and was ordered to dig grottoes.

The Biography of Wei Shu-Shi Lao says: Bai Di of Yao Tan built five caves and carved one Buddha statue in the capital, Saiwu Prefecture. The highest is 7 feet, the second is 6 feet, and the carving is amazing, which is the highest in the world.

This is the famous "Tanyao Five Caves", which is also the first phase project of Yungang, with five huge statues, which are generally considered to represent the five emperors of the Northern Wei Dynasty at that time.

It is said that the statue with a thousand buddhas represents the Emperor Tai Wu who destroyed the Buddha, which is a counterattack by the sculptor to his act of destroying the Buddha.

A very big Jiaojiao Bodhisattva symbolizes the Buddha-worshipping Prince Tuoba Huang, who died early due to illness. Because he did not become an emperor, he is not a Buddha, just like Maitreya Bodhisattva, but in the successor stage, and for this reason, this statue is still a little lower than the ground.

Wen Chengdi, who is a great Buddha, is regarded as the most famous sitting Buddha of Sakyamuni.

Compared with Longmen Grottoes, it is more difficult to protect Yungang Grottoes. The mountains in Longmen seem to be hard stones, while Yungang seems to have soft soil and serious desertification.

The damage of Longmen statues is man-made, chopping and stealing, while Yungang seems to be mostly damaged by weathering.

The souvenirs here are good. In addition to the key chain where two Buddhas sit side by side, I also bought a deck of playing cards with grotto statues, which is quite satisfactory.

In the last holiday of my senior year, I went to the Imperial Capital alone and then took the train to Datong to start my trip to Shanxi with my parents.

As the saying goes, it's not unreasonable to look at Shanxi on the ground and underground. In the north of Shanxi, there are super-great scenic spots such as Hanging Temple, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda and Yungang Grottoes. Going south, there are famous scenic spots such as Jinci and Wutai Mountain (anyway, I don't think it's fun) and Mianshan (cold food).

Yungang Grottoes, there are many buses from Datong to Yungang Grottoes, but we rented a car and drove there by ourselves at that time. It's better to hire a tour guide to go inside. The tour guide of Yungang Grottoes is quite professional, so just folLow them. If you want to save money, you should seize the opportunity to rub up on other people's tour guides. What strategies can a scenic spot need? I don't do low things like evading tickets.

In Jinci, there is a tablet written by Li Shimin. The real thing is locked in a small house. Only the official tour guide inside can open the key, but the wild guide doesn't.

Mianshan, it feels really good. I like this place very much. 2. Traffic Guide

Drive

Depart from Hohhot

Go east along Jingxin Expressway (G11) to Jining, go south along Erguang Expressway (Jifeng Expressway Section) to Datong Ring Expressway Yungangkou Expressway, and go west along Yungang Road to reach the scenic spot.

Starting from Taiyuan

Enter the Dayun Section (G55) of Erguang Expressway from the entrance of Dadongguan, go north to Datong Ring Expressway, exit the expressway at Yungangkou, and go west along Yungang Road to Yungang Scenic Area.

Starting from Beijing

Enter the Beijing-Tibet Expressway (G6) from Qinghe Toll Station, and go straight to Yungang Grottoes Scenic Area along Jingzhang Expressway (G11)---- Xuanda Expressway (G19)---- Sunyou Expressway-Datong Ring Expressway-Provincial Highway 339.

public transportation

Datong South Station:

Take bus No.31 from Datong South Station and get off at Beixin Garden Community Station, walk to Huimin Li Station and take bus No.2 to Tongquan Road Station of Yungang Road, walk to Wulidian Electromechanical City Station and take Express Travel 63 to Yungang Station and get off

Datong Airport:

Take the airport bus to Datong Hotel and then transfer to bus No.17 to Xinkaili.

Xinnan Long-distance Passenger Station:

Take Bus No.28 to Bus Overhaul Factory Station, and then transfer to Bus No.3, which goes directly to Yungang Grottoes Scenic Area from Bus No.4 Company Station.

Long-distance bus station:

Next to Weidu Avenue Children's Park, walk south to No.3 Hospital, take No.17 bus to Xinkaili, and then transfer to No.3 bus to Yungang Grottoes Scenic Area.

Railway Station:

Take Express Travel 63 to the scenic spot or take Bus No.4 to Bus No.4 Company Station, and then transfer to Bus No.3 to go directly to Yungang Grottoes Scenic Spot from Tonghuan Road West Ring Road Station. 3. Introduction to the scenic spot

Yungang Grottoes are located at the south foot of Wuzhou (Zhou) Mountain, about 16 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province, and on the north bank of Wuzhou River. The grottoes are excavated along the mountain and extend for about 1 km from east to west. There are 45 main caves, 252 large and small caves and more than 51, stone sculptures, making it one of the largest ancient caves in China. [1]?

Yungang Grottoes were announced by the State Council in 1961 as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO on December 14th, 21, and rated as the first batch of national 5A-level tourist attractions by China National Tourism Administration on May 8th, 27.

The statue of Yungang Grottoes is magnificent and rich in content. It is the highest stone carving art in China in the 5th century A.D. and is regarded as the treasure house of ancient carving art in China. According to the time of excavation, it can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late, and the grotto sculpture styles in different periods also have their own characteristics. The early "Tanyao Cave" was magnificent and had a rich and simple western atmosphere. In the middle period, the grottoes were famous for their exquisite carving and gorgeous decoration, showing a complicated and magnificent artistic style in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Although the scale of the grottoes in the later period was small, the figures were slim and handsome, and the proportion was moderate, which was an example of the grottoes art in northern China and the origin of "thin bones and clear images". In addition, the music, dancing and acrobatic sculptures left in the grottoes were also the embodiment of the popularity of Buddhist thought at that time and the reflection of social life in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

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