1. Ancient ruins (1) Liucheng Giant Ape Cave Age: Paleolithic Age Type: Ancient ruins Location: Liucheng County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Introduction: Liucheng Giant Ape Cave is located on Lengzhai Mountain southwest of Xinshechong Village, Shechong Township, Liucheng County
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The Giant Ape Cave was found on a cliff at the foot of Shanxi. The entrance of the cave is about 90 meters above the ground.
The Giant Ape Cave includes the Giant Ape Cave No. 1 and Cave 2. The cave is 28 meters long and covers an area of ??180 square meters.
The Liucheng Giant Ape Cave ruins were discovered in 1956.
From 1956 to 1963, the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted six archaeological excavations in Gigantopithecus Cave. The deposits in the cave were 2 to 4 meters thick and could be divided into six layers from top to bottom.
Three Gigantopithecus mandible fossils and more than 1,100 Gigantopithecus tooth fossils were unearthed.
The companion animal fossils include thousands of fossils from higher primates to lower vertebrates, which belong to six categories of mammals: Primates, Rodents, Carnivora, Proboscidales, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla.
Mainly include orangutans, golden monkeys, macaques, South China pigs, porcupines, jackals, piglet badgers, otters, Chinese-like black bears, giant panda races, Sanshi hyenas, last hyenas, leopards, Dre's spotted civets, and civets
, civet, oriental saber-toothed elephant, sertodon-like elephant, Yunnan horse, clawed beast, Pei's tapir, Chai's rhinoceros, the last two-toothed river pig, multi-protruding river pig, Liucheng pig, hill-toothed mousedeer,
Hu muntjac, Fengqi deer, Yunnan black deer, Guangxi giant sheep, etc., many of which are new species.
The geological age of Liucheng Giant Ape Cave is the early Pleistocene, about 1 million years ago.
Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave is the cave with the largest number of Gigantopithecus fossils found in the world so far. The unearthed Gigantopithecus fossils represent 77 Gigantopithecus individuals. Its discovery is of great significance to the study of the morphology of Gigantopithecus and the human evolutionary system.
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The unearthed other animal fossils, as typical representatives of the Pleistocene fauna of South China, not only provide conclusive evidence for solving the geological age of Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave, but are also of great value in studying the classification of the early Pleistocene fauna of South China.
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(2) Bubing Basin Cave Site Group Age: Paleolithic Type: Ancient Site Location: Tiandong County, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Introduction: The Bubing Basin Cave Site Group is located in Xiangzhou Town, Tiandong County, and the Bubing Basin is located in Tiandong
The southeastern part of the Baise Basin in the county is a small rift basin in southern China. It has developed karst landforms and is extremely rich in caves. At present, ancient remains have been found in more than ten caves.
The cave ruins were discovered in 1999.
From 2002 to the present, the Guangxi Natural History Museum and the Tiandong County Museum have conducted research on the Caocao Cave, Chuifeng Cave, Mohui Cave, Ganxian Cave, Wuyunshang Cave, Baolai Cave, Wuyun Cave, Luna Cave, Xiaoshan Cave, Zhongshan Cave, etc. in Bubing Basin.
Long-term surveys, excavations and comprehensive research have been carried out on Liyu Cave (originally named Dingwu Cave and renamed Liyu Cave) and village caves.
Within the 5.5 square meter area excavated in Chuifeng Cave, 1,007 mammal fossils were unearthed, including 915 mammal fossils and 92 great ape tooth fossils.
There are 24 species of mammals, which are typical representative species of the early Early Pleistocene. The age of the Chuifengdong fauna is the early Early Pleistocene, about 2 million years ago.
In 2004, Mohui Cave was excavated twice in an area of ??30 square meters, and 625 mammal fossils and 8 stone artifacts were discovered, covering 22 species of mammals.
Animal fossils or stone artifacts have been unearthed in other caves.
Rich animal fossils, human fossils and stone artifacts have been discovered in the Bubing Basin cave remains, which are of great significance for studying the origins of early humans in East Asia, the origins of modern humans and the Quaternary environmental changes in southern China.
(3) Na Lai ruins Age: Paleolithic Age Type: Ancient ruins Location: Tianyang County, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Introduction: Na Lai ruins is located about 3 kilometers west of Tianyang County, between Xingcheng Village and Napo Town, Tianzhou Town
On the hillside at the junction of Liuhe Village, it covers an area of ??about 5 square kilometers.
The site was discovered in 2003. It is a fourth-level terrace on the south bank of the Youjiang River, about 70 meters above the foot of the mountain. The reticulated red soil layer is 1-4 meters thick, and the gravel layer is 10-25 meters away from the surface.
There are abundant stone tools and processed fragments scattered in the site, including hand axes, hand picks, chopping tools, scrapers, etc.
There is a core area of ??about 50 square meters at the highest point of the site, with stone products densely distributed.
In 2005, the Guangxi cultural relics team and others conducted partial rescue excavations at the Na Lai site and unearthed a large number of stone products such as choppers, hand axes, hand picks, and scrapers, as well as glass meteorites.