The Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - the romantic heroine Kou Baimen

Kou Baimen, whose name is Mei and whose courtesy name is Baimen, is one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

"Banqiao Miscellaneous Notes" says: "The white gate Juanjuan is quiet and beautiful; it is ups and downs, can play music, is good at painting orchids, knows each other and plays rhymes, can recite poems, but it is slippery and easy and cannot be learned." Bai Men is simple and tactless, which determines her tragedy in marriage and love.

In the late spring of the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, Zhu Guobi, the prominent hero and protector of the country, came to the Kou family on Chaoku Street under the escort of a police officer. After several interactions, Baimen left a good impression on him. He is polite, gentle and kind, so when Zhu proposed marriage, he agreed immediately. On the autumn night of that year, 17-year-old Kou Baimen boarded the sedan chair with heavy makeup. In the Ming Dynasty, it was the custom at the time for women with Le Ji Ling in Jinling to leave their nationality and become good friends or get married at night. In order to show his majesty and grandeur, Zhu Guobi sent 5,000 soldiers holding red lanterns starting from Wuding Bridge and standing solemnly along the way to Zhu Mansion on the inner bridge. The grand occasion was unprecedented and became the largest wedding scene in Nanjing during the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Guobi was actually a slick and cunning bureaucrat. His marriage to Kou Baimen was a temporary necessity. After a few months, his ruthlessness was gradually exposed, so he left Kou aside and continued to follow the rules. Between Tailiu Lane.

In 1645, the Qing army went south. Zhu Guobi surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, soon moved to the capital, and was placed under house arrest by the Qing court. Zhu wanted to sell all the singers and maids, including Lian Kou Baimen, but Baimen said to Zhu Yun: "If the proceeds from selling my concubine are only a few hundred gold... If I send my concubine back to the south, I will be paid ten thousand gold in one month." Lord." Zhu thought and agreed, and Kou Baimen returned to Jinling with his maid Dou'er on horseback and short clothes. With the help of sisters from the old courtyard, Kou raised 20,000 silver to redeem Zhu Guobi.

At this time, Ms. Zhu wanted to reunite her dream, but was rejected by Ms. Kou. She said: "Back then, you used money to redeem me from my citizenship, and now I also use money to redeem you." It should be settled.

The Kou family returned to Jinling, and she was known as a heroine. She "built garden pavilions, had guests, and went back and forth with literati and poets every day. She drank heavily, sang or cried, and lamented the beauty's lateness. "The red beans are falling away." Later, a certain Xiaolian from Yangzhou returned to Jinling unhappily, and finally died of illness in his home in Leji. At that time, Qian Qianyi, the leader of Donglin in the literary world, wrote a memorial poem "Kou Baimen" and said: "The sisters of the Kou family have always been beautiful. For eighteen years, they have been obsessed with flowers. Today, Qin Huai is afraid that he will be worth it, and he will not let his red tears stain his clothes." The remaining red powder is in memory of the king's kindness, but the heroine knows that the heart of the coffin is not dead, and the wisp of fragrant pills is the soul."

The Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Changzhai Embroidered Buddha Bian Yujing

Bian Yujing’s famous competition, also known as Saisai, was later nicknamed “Yujing Taoist”, so he became known as Yujing.

She was born into a family of Qinhuai officials. Two sisters, because their father died early, they were reduced to singing prostitutes. Bian Sai was good at poetry, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting, especially good at regular script, and was also knowledgeable in literature and history. She is skilled in painting skills, and her pen strokes are as smooth as moving clouds. She likes to paint graceful branches, and is especially good at painting orchids.

When she was 18 years old, she traveled to Wumen and lived in Huqiu. She traveled between Qinhuai and Suzhou. She was a famous singing girl in Qinhuai in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Bian Sai is generally not good at reciprocating guests, but if he meets a beautiful person and knows his friends, he will talk like a cloud and attract people. Bian Sai once had a marriage with Wu Meicun, a famous poet in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

In the spring of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen, Wu Meicun sent off his brother Wu Zhiyan to be appointed as the prefect of Chengdu at the Shengchu Tower outside Shuixi Gate of Nanjing. Here he met the Bian Sai sisters who came to see Wu Zhiyan off. Bian Sai's noble and refined yet somewhat melancholy temperament reminds me of two popular poems in the south of the Yangtze River: "Looking for Bian Sai in wine, and Chen Yuan emerges from the bottom of the flower." During the dinner, Wu tested Bian Sai's literary talent, which made Wu fall in love. From then on, the two had frequent contacts and their relationship gradually deepened.

Later, Wu got a letter from Bian at his residence in Changqianli. He knew that Bian wanted to marry him, and felt very conflicted. Because Wu heard the news that Tian Wan, the brother of Emperor Chongzhen's favorite concubine Tian, ??had recently come to Jinling to choose a concubine, and he had already chosen Chen Yuanyuan, Bian Sai and others. Wu was timid in front of his powerful uncle, and only played a few songs at Bian Sai's apartment before leaving sadly.

Two years later, Bian Sai married a prince. Unsatisfied, he sent his maid Rourou to him. He begged for help and became a female Taoist priest in Suzhou. He was attached to a 70-year-old girl. Zheng Baoyu, a famous doctor, funded Zheng to build a separate palace. Bian Sai Changzhai embroidered Buddha, held lessons and recited the precepts very strictly. In order to repay Zheng's kindness, he spent three years stabbing his tongue and writing the Lotus Sutra in blood for Zheng.

At this time, Wumeicun became an official in the Qing Dynasty and felt depressed. One day in the seventh year of Shunzhi, Bian Sai saw Wu's four poems "Qinhe Sense of the Past" at Qian Qian's house, and he knew that Wu missed her. A few months later, the two finally met in Taicang. Bian Sai played the piano for Wu. Wu couldn't remember it and wrote "Listening to the Female Taoist Bian Yujing Playing the Qin Song" as a gift. The poem tells the story of Bian in these ten years. It pointed out that when the Qing army went to Jiangnan and Yujing, "the strings were cold and silent", which was a desolate situation. Bian Sai later lived in seclusion in Huishan, Wuxi. He died of illness more than ten years later and was buried in Jinshulin at Zhetuo Temple in Huishan.

Eight beauties of Qinhuai - Gu Hengbo, the chivalrous heart

Gu Meisheng is Gu Mei, a native of Shangyuan, Nanjing. According to "Banqiao Miscellaneous Notes": "Gu Meisheng, the word Meisheng, also Mingmei, nicknamed Hengbo, later nicknamed Shanzhijun, Zhuang Yan, elegant and elegant, with cloud-like hair on the temples, full peach blossom beard, slim bow, light waist, good at painting orchids, keeping true to the pace of horses, and good appearance. After winning, people at that time rated her as the number one singer in Nanqu." It can be seen that she not only has the graceful appearance of a lady, but also has literary talent and artistic skills.

The famous literati Yu Huai and Gu Mei had a close friendship; Hou Gu and Liu Fang were engaged to be a couple, and soon she broke the contract and married Gong Dingshan, one of the "Three Jiangzuo Families" who had long since surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, as a concubine, and Liu Fang became a concubine. Therefore, he died for his love. Gong was greatly favored by Gu Mei and named her "Shante". Later, she regarded Gu as his second wife and received the title of first-class canon. Gong Shi was the minister of the Ministry of Rites of the Qing Dynasty, and he was regarded as a powerful figure by all the famous people in the capital. Whenever guests asked for Gong's poems, calligraphy and paintings, Gu Mei would write them for him, and Gu Mei's reputation and talent grew. Zeng Duoyi of the Gu family took advantage of Gong's political status to fight against the generosity of Qing patriots.

In 1657, Gong and Gu Mei revisited Jinling and settled in the Hidden Garden of Dayoufang Lane on the bank of the Qinhuai River. One day she told Gong, who was writing a poem, that she met Yan Ermei in monk's clothes at Wende Bridge. Gong An was surprised. It turned out that Jing Ben was a Juren of Peixian County. When the Qing army went south, he persuaded Shi Kefa to lead the army in Xuzhou. He went north to Shandong to stop the attack; in the past few years, he went everywhere advocating against the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty, and was hunted by the Qing court. While talking, Yan Ermei fled into the village hall in the city's hidden garden. At this time, the surrounding area was darkened by the Qing army. Under the cover of Gu Mei's wit, Yan finally escaped. Therefore, the great talent Yuan Mei praised him and said: "Be courteous to the virtuous and love the wise, and the chivalrous person is noble."

In the late autumn of 1664, Gu Mei died of illness in the Gong Mansion in Tieshi Hutong, Beijing. Hundreds of mourning vehicles were carried out; even Yan Ermei, Liu Jingting, and Yu Bei, who were far away in Jiangnan, also opened a funeral for her in Luzhou, Anhui. Hanging offering. Gong also built Miaoguang Pavilion for him in Changbang Temple in Beijing, and wrote "The Legend of Baimenliu" for it which has been passed down to the world.

Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Liu Rushi, a majestic character

Liu Rushi was a famous singing prostitute who was active during the Ming and Qing dynasties. She had a strong personality, integrity, intelligence, and great courage. , whose reputation is no less than that of Li Xiangjun, Bian Yujing and Gu Meisheng.

Liu Rushi's name is Rushi, with the small Chinese character "蘼武". His real name is Ailiu. He read Xin Qiji's poem: "I see how charming the green mountains are, and I expected that the green mountains should be like this when they see me." Later, he named himself Rushi. He is called "Hedong Jun" and "Miwu Jun". She is from Jiaxing, born in the 50th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. She was smart and studious when she was young. However, due to her poverty, she was robbed and sold to Wujiang as a maid at a young age. She fell into Zhangtai when she was young, changed her name to Liu Yin, and traveled around in troubled times. Between Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jinling. Because of her unparalleled beauty and talent, she became a famous concubine of Qinhuai. She left behind many anecdotes worthy of telling as well as literary poems "Grass on the Lake", "Wu Yin Zhuo" and rulers.

Liu Rushi was once friendly with Zhang Fu and Chen Zilong, the leaders of the Nanming Restoration Society, and was in harmony with Chen. However, Chen was unfortunately defeated and died in the anti-Qing uprising. Liu's requirements for choosing a son-in-law were very high, and she looked down on many proposals from celebrities, and some of them only stayed at the friendship stage. Finally, in the 14th year of Chongzhen, when she was in her 20s, she married Qian Qianyi, a leader of Donglin who was over 50 years old and a famous bureaucrat. After Qian married Liu, he built the magnificent "Jiangyun Tower" and "Hongdou Pavilion" for her in Yushan. The golden house hides the beauty. Liu's descendants gave birth to a daughter. Some "red scholars" believe that the Jiangyun Pavilion designed by Cao Xueqin comes from the Jiangyun Tower of the Liu family.

When Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself and the Qing army occupied Beijing, the Hongguang Small Court was established in Nanjing. Liu Rushi supported Qian Qian and became the Minister of Rites of Nanming. Soon the Qing army marched south. When the troops approached the city, Liu persuaded Qian to join him and die for his country. Qian was thoughtful and speechless. Finally, he stepped into the pool and tested the water and said, "The water is too cold to enter." Ms. Liu "wanted to sink into the pool", but Ms. Qian held her back. So Qian was shy and welcomed the surrender. Qian Jiangqing went to Beijing, but Liu stayed in Nanjing. Qian became a minister of the Ministry of Rites and a bachelor of the Imperial Academy in the Qing Dynasty. Due to the influence of the Liu family, he resigned after half a year due to illness. Later, he was involved in two lawsuits. Liu Rushi bribed him to be released from prison while he was ill, and encouraged him to contact Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan, Qu Shichun, Wei Geng, etc. who were still resisting. Liu also tried her best to support and comfort the anti-Qing rebels, all of which showed her strong patriotism and national integrity. Qian Qianyi's surrender to the Qing Dynasty should have been criticized by later generations, but Liu Rushi's righteous deeds diluted people's antipathy towards him.

Yu Dafu recorded Liu Rushi's poem "I Listen to the Room in Spring" in "Yuxia Zazai". In terms of literary and artistic talents, she can be called one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai". After reading her poems, the famous scholar Chen Yinke felt "stunned" and admired Liu Rushi's "clear words and beautiful sentences". The people of the Qing Dynasty believed that her ruler slips were "more beautiful than those in the Six Dynasties, and they were deeply affectionate to Ban Cai". Liu is also proficient in music, good at dancing, and is also famous for her calligraphy and painting. Her paintings are skillful, simple, and beautiful; her calligraphy is highly praised by future generations, who call her "an iron fist with a silver hook that can capture wonderful traces."

After Qian's death in 1666, the villagers gathered to seize his property. In order to protect the Qian family's property, Liu actually committed suicide with a silk tie. Although the villains were scared away, a generation of talented women ended their lives like this. After Liu's death, he was buried in Fushui Villa in Yushan. His daughter was 17 years old that year and was married to the son of Wuxi editor Zhao Yusen.

Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Qinhuai Twilight Dong Xiaowan

Dong Xiaowan (1624-1652) was known as Bai, also known as Xiaowan and Qinglian, also known as Qinglian Nvshi. The words are all inspired by admiration for Li Bai. A native of Jinchang (today's Suzhou), her father was not doing a good job, and her mother and daughter lived in poverty, which turned Xiaowan into a brothel prostitute. She is intelligent and smart, has gorgeous hair, is graceful and graceful, and is beautiful and fragrant. She is a first-rate talent among the prostitutes of Qinhuai, and is one of the "Eight Beauties of Jinling". In the 16th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, she married Maoxiang and Maobijiang as her concubine.

Mao Bijiang has a handsome appearance and a chic demeanor. He is known as the "Beautiful Boy". He is a talented and elegant scholar in Fushe.

During the Tianqi period, when the eunuch Wei Zhongxian conspired to gain power and confuse the government, Mao Bijiang united a group of people with lofty ideals to form an association in Jinling to uphold justice. At that time, there was talk of the "Four Young Masters", namely Chen Zhenhui, Fang Mizhi, Hou Fangyu, and Mao Bijiang. Unfortunately, due to the weak situation and weak power, not only did it fail to achieve success, but it was also brutally destroyed by the eunuchs. Although Mao Pijiang survived, his future was deeply affected, so he had to put his love in the mountains and rivers. In the eleventh year of Chongzhen's reign, Mao Bijiang became even more famous throughout the country after he jointly signed an indignant letter "Remaining in the Capital to Prevent Rebellion" in Confucius Temple and severely beat Ruan Dacheng, a remnant of the eunuch party.

Dong Xiaowan admired the talent of the young master, but they had no chance to meet him. One day, Mrs. Li, the owner of Meixiang Building, gathered the leaders of Fushe, Zhang Tianru, Chen Dingsheng, Fang Mizhi, and Hou Fangyu for an elegant gathering. The famous prostitutes Li Xiang, Bian Yujing, Kou Baimen, etc. were accompanying her, and Xiaowan was also among them. Zhang Tianru had heard of Xiaowan's name for a long time, and when he saw it he sighed and said, "It is indeed well-deserved." While drinking heavily, the members of the Restoration Socialist Party lamented internal and external troubles and became impassioned, and Xiaowan admired him wholeheartedly. The prostitutes played harp music to relieve the worries of the strong men. When it was Xiaowan's turn, she half-held the pipa and played a song "Moonlight Night on the Spring River", which was praised by everyone. Zhang Tianru saw that she was both elegant and talented, so he took advantage of the opportunity to act as a matchmaker and wanted to make a perfect match between her and Mao Bijiang, a talented and talented person who was a rising star in the society. Seeing Mr. Zhang and others acting as matchmakers, Xiaowan was secretly happy.

At this time, Mao Pijiang was taking the exam in Nanjing. After the test, I had a drink with Chen Dingsheng and Fang Mizhi at Li Xiang's place. During the dinner, I mentioned Zhang Tianru's words and praised Xiaowan again. Mao Gongzi heard about Xiaowan Yajie the most, and he had long wanted to collect fragrance, so he hurriedly went to Fishing Alley with his friends to find fragrance. I don't want to be humiliated and unable to see each other. Back at Meixiang Tower, Li Xiang asked him why he was unhappy, and Fang Mi told him the details. Hou Fangyu, who had just returned from Yang Longyou's place, was busy explaining. It turned out that Xiaowan had been waiting for the imposter to come to the meeting. Unexpectedly, Zhu Tongrui, the lord of Wuyi Lane, was arty. The day before yesterday, he was waiting for a cocktail party with Yang Longyou at Bian Yujing's place. He sent someone to tell Dong Xiaowan to accompany the guest. Xiaowan was not at home and refused to go when he came back. The madam tried to persuade Fang Chi. She was late for the banquet, and Lord Zhu deliberately made things difficult for her. Xiaowan was upright, contradicted him, and threw up the banquet. Zhu Tongrui hated her deeply and wanted to kill her. Yang Longyou communicated the news that Xiaowan had gone to Wujiang to avoid trouble. Before leaving, he left a letter asking Li Xiang to pay his respects to Mr. Mao and make an appointment in Suzhou for a while.

When I went to Pijiang, I didn't want to get a letter from Hengyang on the Yangzhou Road. My father was unjustly imprisoned and his life was not guaranteed. He immediately went to Beijing, engaged in various activities, and met with the emperor. He wrote a memorial that shocked the court, and his father was unjustly released from prison. Three years had passed since he returned to Nanjing. During this period, Xiaowan was spied on by the evil young man Dou He, who forced her to commit adultery with him. Xiaowan refused to accept it. Dou Jiu gathered gangsters to make trouble every day, making it difficult for Xiaowan to have peace. Year after year, there was no news from the young master, and Xiaowan kept his will and refused to accept guests. His family assets were exhausted, and his debts were increasing. In addition, Dou and others were entangled, and he could not survive in Suzhou. He had to travel around in the name of traveling to avoid debts and misfortune. Unspeakable, I became seriously ill again. Later, when Mao Bijiang finally found her, she was already dying. After complaining and reciting his feelings, the impostor had to go to Nanjing to take the autumn examination. Xiaowan had no choice but to send him all the way to Zhenjiang, while he returned to Suzhou to live temporarily. Seeing her return, local gangsters and creditors swarmed in. Xiaowan was humiliated but was rescued after seeking death several times. He also heard that Dou He was coming to rob someone, so he had to buy a boat and go to Nanjing on a starry night to explore the border. On the boat, Xiaowan lost his footing and fell into the water. Fortunately, he was rescued. For this reason, she also wrote a poem: "In an emergency, I turned to you and faced danger. I will meet you at a difficult time in this life. Although my heart has been broken, my love has not been broken, but we will not be together in life or death. Beauty has complained about her misfortune since ancient times. Who can judge the song in history?" Sincerely. Fighting for one's life to repay one's confidant, chasing Wu Bochen as a ghost hero." This is a tear-jerking read. After many twists and turns, Qian Qian, the leader of the Donglin Party, finally met Qian Qianyi, the leader of the Donglin Party. Just then, a letter came from Suzhou, saying that the creditor was pressing for debt every day. If Xiaowan did not return to Suzhou to pay back the money, the Dong family would be burned down. The two were helpless and asked for help everywhere. Mao Pijiang's brother Liu Taishou acted righteously and took Xiaowan back to Suzhou first. After Mao Pijiang raised funds, he could pay off his debts and redeem his people.

After Xiaowan returned to Suzhou, she was snatched away by Dou He soon after. The Qinhuai sisters and the talented scholars of Fushe were so angry that they asked Qian Qianyi, the then Minister of the Southern Ming Dynasty, to go to Suzhou to see the prefect, so that they could rescue Xiaowan and pay off the debt. At this time, Mao Gongzi also returned to Nanjing, raised money, went to Suzhou to get Xiaowan out of prostitution, and took her to Rugao's home to get married. The rest of his life was filled with hardships and joys. For this reason, Xiaowan wrote the poem "The Night of Flowers and Candles in the Wedding Room and Mao Pijiang" to express his emotion: "As soon as I returned to the society, I was happy to be famous, and my dream came back to me. I wanted to know the thorns. I was drunk before the flowers and met the couple. "After the disaster, Xiao Wan lived in harmony with the Mao family." The pretending mare Gongren and the pretending wife Su Yuanfang like Xiaowan, and Xiaowan is also very respectful and obedient, serving her even more attentively than the maidservant. In their free time, Xiaowan and Pijiang often sat together in the study room of the painting garden, splashing ink, admiring flowers and drinking tea, commenting on landscapes, and identifying gold and stone. When Xiaowan first entered the Mao family, he imitated Zhong Yao's calligraphy and Cao'e's stele. Although he wrote thousands of words every day, he did not miss a word or miss a word. Xiaowan also wrote small regular script fans for relatives and friends on Pijiang's behalf. The moonlight is like water, which is what Xiaowan is most attracted to. Sitting in the cool summer night, Xiaowan likes to recite Tang Dynasty poems about the moon and the flowing fireflies and the fan. In order to appreciate the beauty of the moonlight, I often move the couch a few times with the rise and fall of the moonlight. When I return to my room in the middle of the night, I still have to open the window to let the moonlight linger between the pillow mats. When the moon went to the west, she rolled up the curtain again and leaned against the window to look at it, reluctant to leave. She also often recited Li He's poem "The moon is wet, the waves are misty and jade"; "You and I love to appreciate the bright moonlight all year round, and the fairy road and Zen pass are opened in silence." Once. , admiring the chrysanthemums together with Mao Bijiang, Mao Bijiang chanted: "Jade hands transplant the Frost Dew Sutra, one cluster is light and the other is deep. After a few years, there is no Qing Ao Shi. It seems that I am the only one who knows the truth."

"Xiao Wanhe said: "The little hoe came to try to move the autumn garden, and the chrysanthemums were planted by hand in the garden beside the fence. It was supposed to have rained the day before yesterday, but today there is actually a frost. "The husband sings, the wife follows him, and he plays the harp and plays the harp, which is praised by the world. Mao Bijiang once said that he enjoyed all the happiness in his life in the 9 years he lived with Xiaowan. Naturally, this happiness is indispensable for sitting quietly in the incense pavilion and savoring the famous incense. Mao most admires "Hengge Shen", a kind of agarwood with firm texture and horizontal texture, while Xiaowan cherishes "daughter's fragrance". They also have a lot of "Penglai fragrance" that Pijiang once found from Jiangnan. The taste is better than Fanglan's "raw yellow fragrance". Once, he gave "raw yellow fragrance" to his friend Li Suiqiu from Guangdong for appreciation. In the small room on a cold night, the jade curtains are hanging around, two or three red candles are lit, and agarwood is burned in the Xuande furnace. Looking at it quietly, it seems that you have entered the depths of the fragrance of pistil beads, floating and happily.

It is said that Xiaowan was also keen on researching recipes. When he saw someone’s house with a strange flavor, he went to visit him to ask for it. The name is "Dong Rou". In addition, Xiaowan is also good at making sweets. He once used sesame, fried noodles, caramel sugar, pine nuts, peach kernels and sesame oil as raw materials to make halva, which was then cut into squares. The sugar was yellow on the outside and crispy on the inside. It is greasy, known as "Dongtang". The current famous Yangzhou snacks are Guanxiang Dongtang (also known as Cunjindongtang), Rolled Dongtang (also known as sesame crispy candy) and Rugao Shuiminglou brand Dongtang. They are all local names. Specialties. Good people even listed Dong Xiaowan, Yi Yin, Yi Ya, Taihe Gong, Shan Zu, Fanzheng, Liu Niangzi, Song Wusao, Xiao Meiren and Wang Xiaoyu as the top ten famous chefs in ancient my country.

From then on, the two fell in love and lived happily for a while. After that, Li Zicheng went to Beijing and the Qing troops invaded the Central Plains and sent their troops southward. They fled to Yancheng and were seriously ill. The Ming Dynasty has changed to the Qing Dynasty. The two returned to Rugao and lived in seclusion. Regarding this period of life, Xiaowan wrote: "The sick eyes are deeply saddened by the flowers, and they sit alone in the quiet window playing the Yao Qin. Oriole also seems to know people's thoughts, and Liu Chu always makes good notes. "

There are four major mysteries in the Qing Palace. The first is that Shunzhi became a monk. It is said that Shunzhi became a monk for Dong E's concubine Dong Xiaowan. It is also said that Mao Bijiang was heartbroken because Shunzhi took Dong Xiaowan from him. But A mystery is a mystery after all. The real situation is that when Xiaowan married Mao Pijiang at the age of 16, Shunzhi was only two years old. Until his death at the age of 27, Shunzhi never left Mao Pijiang and became a monk. Concubine Dong E was the daughter of the internal minister E Shuo. . Dong Xiaowan died of a serious illness due to long-term work. After his death, he collected a book called "Yingmei'an Yiyu", which recorded Xiaowan's story and actions, which is brilliant and moving. < /p>

"Banqiao Miscellaneous Notes" says: "The White Gate Juan Juan is quiet and beautiful; it is ups and downs, can play tunes, is good at painting orchids, knows each other and plays rhymes, can recite poems, but it is slippery and easy and cannot be learned." It is precisely because of Baimen Juanjuan. Her simple and untactful character determined her tragedy in marriage.

In the late spring of the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, Zhu Guobi, the prominent hero and protector of the country, came to the Kou family on Chaoku Street under the escort of a police officer. , after several interactions, Bai Men left a good impression on him, he was polite, gentle and kind, so he agreed when Zhu proposed marriage. It was the autumn night of the new year, and the 17-year-old Kou Baimen came on board with heavy makeup. In the Ming Dynasty, it was the custom of the Ming Dynasty that women from Leji Ling in Jinling must leave their citizenship to become good students or get married at night. This was the custom at the time. In order to show majesty and grandeur, Zhu Guobi sent 5,000 soldiers holding red lanterns to start from Wuding Bridge. Standing solemnly along the way to Zhu's Mansion in Neiqiao, the event was unprecedented and became the largest wedding scene in Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Guobi was actually a smooth and cunning bureaucrat. His marriage to Kou Baimen was a temporary necessity. A few months later. His ruthlessness was gradually exposed, so he left the Kou family aside and continued to move between Zhangtai and Liuxiang.

In 1645, the Qing army went south and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, and soon moved to the capital. He was put under house arrest by the Qing court. Zhu wanted to sell all the singers and maids including Kou Baimen. Baimen said to Zhu Yun: "If the proceeds from selling my concubine are only a few hundred gold... If I send my concubine back to the south, it will take only a month." You should get tens of thousands of gold to repay the public. "After Zhu thought for a while, he agreed, and Kou returned to Jinling in short clothes and horses with his maid Dou'er. With the help of the sisters in the old courtyard, Kou raised 20,000 silver to redeem Zhu Guobi.

This At that time, Mrs. Zhu wanted to reunite her dream, but she was rejected by Mr. Kou. She said: "Back then, you used money to redeem me from my country. Now I will use money to redeem you."

Ms. Kou said. When she returned to Jinling, she was known as a heroine. She "built garden pavilions, met guests, and interacted with literati and poets every day. Her ears were full of wine, singing or crying. She also lamented the beauty's lateness and lamented the falling red beans." A filial and honest man from Yangzhou was unwilling to return to Jinling, and finally died of illness in his hometown of Leji. Qian Qianyi, the leader of Donglin in the literary world at that time, wrote a memorial poem in "Kou Baimen": "The sisters of the Kou family are always beautiful, and they have spent eighteen years together. Mystery, Qin Huai is afraid that he will be worthy of his favor today, lest his red tears stain his clothes. Cong Canhongpin misses the king's kindness, but who knows about the heroine Kou Baimen? The coffin is covered with loess, but the heart is still alive, and the wisp of fragrant pills is the soul. "

Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Bian Yujing embroidering Buddha in Changzhai

Bian Yujing's famous competition, also known as Saisai, because he later called himself "Yujing Taoist", he was commonly known as Yujing.

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She was born into a family of Qinhuai officials. Two sisters, because their father died early, they were reduced to singing prostitutes. Bian Sai was good at poetry, music, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting. He was especially good at regular script and had a good knowledge of literature and history.

She is skilled in painting skills, and her pen strokes are as smooth as moving clouds. She likes to paint graceful branches, and is especially good at painting orchids.

When she was 18 years old, she traveled to Wumen and lived in Huqiu. She traveled between Qinhuai and Suzhou. She was a famous singing girl in Qinhuai in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Bian Sai is generally not good at reciprocating guests, but if he meets a beautiful person and knows his friends, he will talk like a cloud and attract people. Bian Sai once had a marriage with Wu Meicun, a famous poet in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

In the spring of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen, Wu Meicun sent off his brother Wu Zhiyan to be appointed as the prefect of Chengdu at the Shengchu Tower outside Shuixi Gate of Nanjing. Here he met the Bian Sai sisters who came to see Wu Zhiyan off. Bian Sai's noble and refined yet somewhat melancholy temperament reminds me of two popular poems in the south of the Yangtze River: "Looking for Bian Sai in wine, and Chen Yuan emerges from the bottom of the flower." During the dinner, Wu tested Bian Sai's literary talents, which made Wu fall in love. From then on, the two had frequent contacts and their relationship gradually deepened.

Later, Wu got a letter from Bian at his residence in Changqianli. He knew that Bian wanted to marry him, and he felt very conflicted. Because Wu heard the news that Tian Wan, the brother of Emperor Chongzhen's favorite concubine Tian, ??had recently come to Jinling to choose a concubine, and he had already chosen Chen Yuanyuan, Bian Sai and others. Wu was timid in front of his powerful uncle, and only played a few songs at Bian Sai's apartment before leaving sadly.

Two years later, Bian Sai married a prince. Unsatisfied, he sent his maid Rourou to him. He begged for help and became a female Taoist priest in Suzhou. He was attached to a 70-year-old girl. Zheng Baoyu, a famous doctor, funded Zheng to build a separate palace. Bian Sai Changzhai embroidered Buddha, held lessons and recited the precepts very strictly. In order to repay Zheng's kindness, he spent three years stabbing his tongue and writing the Lotus Sutra in blood for Zheng.

At this time, Wumeicun became an official in the Qing Dynasty and felt depressed. One day in the seventh year of Shunzhi, Bian Sai saw Wu's four poems "Qinhe Sense of the Past" at Qian Qian's house, and he knew that Wu missed her. A few months later, the two finally met in Taicang. Bian Sai played the piano for Wu. Wu couldn't remember it and wrote "Listening to the Female Taoist Bian Yujing Playing the Qin Song" as a gift. The poem tells the story of Bian in these ten years. It pointed out that when the Qing army went to Jiangnan and Yujing, "the strings were cold and silent", which was a desolate situation. Bian Sai later lived in seclusion in Huishan, Wuxi. He died of illness more than ten years later and was buried in Jinshulin at Zhetuo Temple in Huishan.

Eight beauties of Qinhuai - Gu Hengbo, the chivalrous heart

Gu Meisheng is Gu Mei, a native of Shangyuan, Nanjing. According to "Banqiao Miscellaneous Notes": "Gu Meisheng, also known as Meisheng, also Mingmei, nicknamed Hengbo, later nicknamed Shanzhijun, has a beautiful and graceful appearance, and has an outstanding demeanor. His hair is like clouds, his beard is full of peach blossoms, his bow has become slender, and his waist is light and graceful. He is good at painting orchids, chasing horses and keeping true to his appearance. After winning, people at that time rated her as the number one singer in the Southern Song Dynasty. "It can be seen that she not only has the graceful appearance of a lady, but also has literary talent and artistic skills.

The famous literati Yu Huai and Gu Mei had a close friendship; Hou Gu and Liu Fang were engaged to be a couple, and soon she broke the contract and married Gong Dingshan, one of the "Three Jiangzuo Families" who had long since surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, as a concubine, and Liu Fang became a concubine. Therefore, he died for his love. Gong was greatly favored by Gu Mei and named her "Shan Te". Later, she regarded Gu as his second wife and received the title of first-class canon. Gong Shi was the minister of the Ministry of Rites of the Qing Dynasty. All the famous people in the capital were respected as deities. Whenever guests asked for Gong's poems, calligraphy and paintings, Gu Mei would write them for him. Gu Mei's fame and talent became more and more popular. Zeng Duoyi of the Gu family took advantage of Gong's political status to resist the generosity of Qing patriots.

In 1657, Gong and Gu Mei revisited Jinling and stayed in the Hidden Garden in Dayoufang Lane beside the Qinhuai River. One day she told Gong, who was writing a poem, that she met Yan Ermei in monk's clothes at Wende Bridge. Gong An was surprised. It turned out that Jing Ben was a Juren of Peixian County. When the Qing army went south, he persuaded Shi Kefa to lead the army in Xuzhou. He went north to Shandong to stop the attack; in the past few years, he went everywhere advocating against the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty, and was hunted by the Qing court. While talking, Yan Ermei fled into the village hall in the city's hidden garden. At this time, the surrounding area was darkened by the Qing army. Under the cover of Gu Mei's wit, Yan finally escaped. Therefore, the great talent Yuan Mei praised him and said: "Be courteous to the virtuous and love the wise, and the chivalrous person is noble."

In the late autumn of 1664, Gu Mei died of illness in the Gong Mansion in Tieshi Hutong, Beijing. Hundreds of mourning vehicles were carried out; even Yan Ermei, Liu Jingting, and Yu Bei, who were far away in Jiangnan, also opened a funeral for her in Luzhou, Anhui. Hanging offering. Gong also built Miaoguang Pavilion for him in Changbang Temple in Beijing, and wrote "The Legend of Baimenliu" for it which has been passed down to the world.

Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Liu Rushi, a majestic character

Liu Rushi was a famous singing prostitute who was active during the Ming and Qing dynasties. She had a strong personality, integrity, intelligence, and great courage. , as famous as Li Xiangjun, Bian Yujing and Gu Meisheng.

Liu Rushi's name is Rushi, with the small Chinese character "蘼武". His real name is Ailiu. He read Xin Qiji's poem: "I see how charming the green mountains are, and I expected that the green mountains should be like this when they see me." Later, he named himself Rushi. He is called "Hedong Jun" and "Miwu Jun". She is from Jiaxing, born in the 50th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. She was smart and studious when she was young. However, due to her poverty, she was robbed and sold to Wujiang as a maid at a young age. She fell into Zhangtai when she was young, changed her name to Liu Yin, and traveled around in troubled times. Between Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jinling. Because of her unparalleled beauty and talent, she became a famous concubine of Qinhuai. She left behind many anecdotes worthy of telling as well as literary poems "Grass on the Lake", "Wu Yin Zhuo" and rulers.

Liu Rushi was once friendly with Zhang Fu and Chen Zilong, the leaders of the Nanming Restoration Society, and was in harmony with Chen. However, Chen was unfortunately defeated and died in the anti-Qing uprising. Liu's requirements for choosing a son-in-law were very high. She looked down on many proposals from celebrities, and some of them only stayed at the friendship stage. Finally, in the 14th year of Chongzhen, when she was in her 20s, she married Qian Qianyi, a leader of Donglin who was over 50 years old and a famous bureaucrat. After Qian married Liu, he built the magnificent "Jiangyun Tower" and "Hongdou Pavilion" for her in Yushan. The golden house hides the beauty. Liu's descendants gave birth to a daughter.

Some "red scholars" believe that the Jiangyun Pavilion designed by Cao Xueqin is derived from the Jiangyun Tower of the Liu family.

When Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself and the Qing army occupied Beijing, the Hongguang Small Court was established in Nanjing. Liu Rushi supported Qian Qian and became the Minister of Rites of Nanming. Soon the Qing army marched south. When the troops approached the city, Liu persuaded Qian to join him and die for his country. Qian was thoughtful and speechless. Finally, he stepped into the pool and tested the water and said, "The water is too cold to enter." Mrs. Liu "wanted to sink into the pool", but Ms. Qian held her back. So Qian was shy and welcomed the surrender. Qian Jiangqing went to Beijing, but Liu stayed in Nanjing. Qian became a minister of the Ministry of Rites and a bachelor of the Imperial Academy in the Qing Dynasty. Due to the influence of the Liu family, he resigned after half a year due to illness. Later, he was involved in two lawsuits. Liu Rushi bribed him to be released from prison while he was ill, and encouraged him to contact Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan, Qu Shichun, Wei Geng, etc. who were still resisting. Liu also tried her best to support and comfort the anti-Qing rebels, all of which showed her strong patriotism and national integrity. Qian Qianyi's surrender to the Qing Dynasty should have been criticized by later generations, but Liu Rushi's righteous deeds diluted people's antipathy towards him.

Yu Dafu recorded Liu Rushi's poem "I Listen to the Room in Spring" in "Yuxia Zazai". In terms of literary and artistic talents, she can be called one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai". After reading her poems, the famous scholar Chen Yinke felt "stunned" and admired Liu Rushi's "clear words and beautiful sentences". The people of the Qing Dynasty believed that her ruler slips were "more beautiful than those in the Six Dynasties, and they were deeply affectionate to Ban Cai". Liu is also proficient in music, good at dancing, and is also famous for her calligraphy and painting. Her paintings are skillful, simple, and beautiful; her calligraphy is highly praised by future generations, who call her "an iron fist with a silver hook, which can capture wonderful traces."

After Qian's death in 1666, the villagers gathered to seize his property. In order to protect the Qian family's property, Liu actually committed suicide with a silk tie. Although the villains were scared away, a generation of talented women ended their lives like this. After Liu's death, he was buried in Fushui Villa in Yushan. His daughter was 17 years old that year and was married to the son of Wuxi editor Zhao Yusen.

Eight Beauties of Qinhuai - Qinhuai Twilight Dong Xiaowan

Dong Xiaowan (1624-1652) was known as Bai, also known as Xiaowan and Qinglian, also known as Qinglian Nvshi. The words are all inspired by admiration for Li Bai. A native of Jinchang (now Suzhou), her father was not doing a good job and her mother and daughter lived in poverty, which made Xiaowan become a brothel prostitute. She is intelligent and smart, has beautiful hair, is graceful and graceful, and is beautiful and fragrant. She is a first-rate talent among the prostitutes of Qinhuai, and is one of the "Eight Beauties of Jinling". In the 16th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, she married Maoxiang and Maobijiang as her concubine.

Mao Bijiang has a handsome appearance and a chic demeanor. He is known as the "Beautiful Boy". He is a talented and elegant scholar in Fushe.

During the Tianqi period, when the eunuch Wei Zhongxian conspired to gain power and confuse the government, Mao Bijiang united a group of people with lofty ideals to form an association in Jinling to uphold justice. At that time, there was talk of the "Four Young Masters", namely Chen Zhenhui, Fang Mizhi, Hou Fangyu, and Mao Pijiang. Unfortunately, due to the weak situation and weak power, not only did it fail to achieve success, but it was also brutally destroyed by the eunuchs. Although Mao Pijiang survived, his future was deeply affected, so he had to put his love in the mountains and rivers. In the eleventh year of Chongzhen's reign, Mao Bijiang became even more famous throughout the country after he jointly signed an indignant letter "Remaining in the Capital to Prevent Rebellion and Revealing the Public" at Confucius Temple in the 11th year of Chongzhen's reign and severely beat Ruan Dacheng, a remnant of the eunuch party.

Dong Xiaowan admired the talent of the young master, but they had no chance to meet him. One day, Mrs. Li, the owner of Meixiang Building, gathered the leaders of Fushe, Zhang Tianru, Chen Dingsheng, Fang Mizhi, and Hou Fangyu for an elegant gathering. The famous prostitutes Li Xiang, Bian Yujing, Kou Baimen, etc. were accompanying her, and Xiaowan was also among them. Zhang Tianru had heard about Xiaowan's name for a long time, and when he saw it he sighed and said: "Sure enough, the name is well-deserved." While drinking heavily, the members of the Restoration Socialist Party lamented internal and external troubles and became impassioned, and Xiaowan admired him wholeheartedly. The prostitutes played harp music to relieve the worries of the strong men. When it was Xiaowan's turn, she half-held the pipa and played a song "Moonlight Night on the Spring River", which was praised by everyone. Zhang Tianru saw that she was both elegant and talented, so he took advantage of the opportunity to act as a matchmaker and wanted to make a perfect match between her and Mao Bijiang, a rising star in the society. Seeing Mr. Zhang and others acting as matchmakers, Xiaowan was secretly happy.

At this time, Mao Pijiang was taking the exam in Nanjing. After the test, I had a drink with Chen Dingsheng and Fang Mizhi at Li Xiang's place. During the dinner, I mentioned Zhang Tianru's words and praised Xiaowan again. Mao Gongzi heard about Xiaowan Yajie the most, and he had long wanted to collect fragrance, so he hurriedly went to Fishing Alley with his friends to find fragrance. I don't want to be humiliated and unable to see each other. Back at Meixiang Tower, Li Xiang asked him why he was unhappy, and Fang Mi told him the details. Hou Fangyu, who had just returned from Yang Longyou's place, was busy explaining. It turned out that Xiaowan had been waiting for the imposter to come to the meeting. Unexpectedly, Zhu Tongrui, the lord of Wuyi Lane, was arty. The day before yesterday, he was waiting for a cocktail party with Yang Longyou at Bian Yujing's place. He sent someone to tell Dong Xiaowan to accompany the guest. Xiaowan was not at home and refused to go when he came back. The madam tried to persuade Fang Chi. She was late for the banquet, and Lord Zhu deliberately made things difficult for her. Xiaowan was upright, contradicted him, and threw up the banquet. Zhu Tongrui hated her deeply and wanted to kill her.