Almost each paragraph of the following article has three to five hundred words. You can choose one or two paragraphs according to your needs!
Henan Province is very rich in products. The rich and colorful handicrafts with a long history include Yuzhou Jun porcelain, Nanyang jade carvings, Luoyang imitation Tang horses (Tang Sancai), Huaxian tin pots, and Jiyuan pan inkstones (ancient name Tiantan inkstone) are famous traditional products. Other specialties include Henan Lushi, Luanchuan fungus, Xinyang Maojian tea, Lingbao jujube, Fengqiu pomegranate, Dukang wine, Huaiyang daylily, Yellow River carp, and the four major medicinal herbs in northern Henan (shengdi, Niuqi, yam, and chrysanthemum). )wait.
A place of water and soil supports a people and also provides famous and high-quality specialties with local characteristics. Local specialties are also the signboard of a place, a unique business card to promote yourself. Coinciding with the reform and opening up and the economic surge, local specialties in various places have become the main force in stimulating the local economy. Only by "adapting measures to local conditions" can we make breakthroughs and truly embark on the road to economic development.
As the saying goes, "You can rely on mountains to eat mountains, and you can rely on water to eat water." Hard-working people are using their own wisdom to build their own local famous brands with their own hands, paving their way to prosperity step by step.
Bianliang watermelon
Bianliang watermelon is a traditional specialty of Kaifeng. It is well-known in ancient and modern times and sells well both at home and abroad. Its characteristics are: thin skin, juicy, crispy and sweet scoop of sand, clear and delicious. There is a folk saying that "pomegranates in Xiao County are as good as Dangshan pears, and watermelons in Bianliang are as red as the skin". Because Kaifeng was called "Bianliang" in ancient times, the watermelons produced in Kaifeng are called "Bianliang watermelon".
Watermelon is native to the Redai Desert region of Africa and has a cultivation history of more than 4,000 years. It was transplanted from the Western Regions to my country around the 10th century AD (the period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms). It was first cultivated in the Uighurs (now Xinjiang) and then introduced to the mainland. Because the melon seeds came from the west of my country, it was named watermelon. According to Hu Qiao's "Record of Falling to the North", "Qiao got melon seeds in Huihe and planted them with cow dung. They were as strong as a bucket and sweet in taste. They were named watermelons."
Watermelons are also known as cold melons. It is a one-year-old herbaceous plant of the Cucurbitaceae family. Watermelon is not only a great food for cooling off the summer heat and quenching thirst, but it also has many uses. Melon contains a lot of sugar, with the sugar content generally ranging from 10.2% to 31.8%. Rich in vitamin C and minerals such as calcium, iron, and phosphorus. Its scoop, skin and seeds can be used as medicine. It has the medical functions of relieving irritability and thirst, relieving summer heat, relaxing the middle and lowering qi, diluting water, treating bloody diarrhea, detoxifying alcohol, treating aphthous ulcers, clearing the lungs and moistening the intestines, and tonic and pleasant. . Watermelon rind can also be used for cooking.
Bianliang watermelon cultivation was very common in the Northern Song Dynasty. The famous painting "Along the River Garden during Qingming Festival" by the painter Zhang Zeduan shows a scene of cut watermelons placed on several tables on the bank of Bianshui River. Fan Chengda, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, once said in his poem "Watermelon Garden": "The green vines and frost are lying on the soft sand, and I have been eating watermelons everywhere for many years." Wen Xinguo also wrote in his "Xigua Lin": "Pull out the golden saber and smash the green jade bottle."
The climate in Kaifeng is mild, with even summer rainfall and sandy soil, which is suitable for the growth of watermelons. In addition, the people of Kaifeng have accumulated rich experience in growing watermelons for a long time. They carefully cultivate watermelons as local treasures and continuously improve them, making Kaifeng watermelons gradually become a famous specialty in Zhongzhou.
Luoyang Cherry
Cherry, also known as peaches and peaches, has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high quality and bright color. It ripens with hundreds of fruits first, and can be matured and marketed around the beginning of summer. It has high yield and long tree age. Each adult tree can produce more than 400 kilograms. The fruit tastes sweet and sour, can be eaten raw, and can be brewed. It is rich in nutrients and has a tonal flavor. , beneficial to the spleen and other medical and health care functions; the fruit shape is round and bright red, and has the reputation of "like a pearl without holes, like fire without burning people". Luoyang Basin is surrounded by ravines and clear streams. The sunny and leeward places are the most suitable for cherry growth. Luoyang cherry production is abundant and the taste is excellent. The ancients once praised: "The rain brings fresh green, the wind carries the fragrance of wild flowers, the village is filled with red jade, and the baskets are filled with red beads." Every April in the Gregorian calendar is the season for Luoyang cherries.
Lingbao Apple
Apples have been cultivated in my country for more than 2,000 years. Alias ??include: Nai, Ringo, Lijio, Laijio, Pinpoguo, etc. During the Jin Dynasty, apples were grown in Luoyang, but the varieties at that time were not good. In the 19th century, fine European varieties were introduced to my country, with large fruits, good taste and storage resistance, and were quickly promoted. Now, apples have become one of the bulk fruit varieties in my country.
Lingbao is the largest apple base in our province, with output reaching tens of millions of kilograms. The history of Lingbao apple cultivation is recorded in the county annals of the Qing Dynasty.
In the 21st year of the Republic of China (AD 1932), "Ruxiang County Chronicle" recorded: "There are not many apples." In 1923, Lingbao industrialist Li Gongsheng bought back new Western apple saplings from Yantai, Qingdao and other places, devoted his family property to the palace business, and after many setbacks, finally succeeded. In the 1930s, there were nearly 3,000 acres of apple orchards in the county, with an annual output of more than 200,000 kilograms. Varieties include Japanese towel, Buguoguang, Fuhuapi, etc.
Minmin grapes
Grapes are native to the Western Regions. They were first introduced to the mainland of my country when Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty passed through the Western Regions. Then, in just three hundred years, grape cultivation spread all over Henan. For example, "Ode to the Capital of Wei" contains: "The Huangxiao carries the wind, and the Pu Tao bears the shade." This shows that grape cultivation was widespread in Ye (now Anyang), the capital of Wei, at that time. "Wei Ben" records: "Emperor Wen of Wei issued an edict to his ministers: There are many precious fruits in China. Grapes are in late summer, and there is still lingering summer heat in autumn. Drunk and slowly wake up, eat with the naked eye covered. It will be sweet but not sweet, crisp but not sour. "It has a thick and juicy taste. It can relieve troubles and relieve tiredness. It can be brewed into wine. It is easy to wake up when drunk. It is easy to wake up when you are drunk. If you eat it yourself, there are oranges in the south that are sour and crack people's teeth. I'd rather have a Pibi". This shows that grapes were not only used as a delicacy at that time, but also made wine.
Vitis vinifera is a deciduous woody vine of the Vitaceae family. At present, there are three to four hundred varieties of grapes. Among them, the grape varieties in Henan are divided into several categories such as raw food, wine making, juice making and canning. The main characteristics of raw food varieties are: large fruit size, beautiful appearance, sweet and fragrant taste, thin skin, few seeds, and suitable for transportation or storage. Such as milk, rose fragrance, etc. Grapes are people's favorite food, not only sweet and juicy, but also rich in nutrients. In addition to being eaten, it can also be used as medicine. Li Shizhen said in "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Grapes are mainly used to treat dampness of the muscles and bones, replenish qi, strengthen the will, make people fat and strong, endure hunger, tolerate wind and cold, eat for a long time, make themselves light, not old, and prolong life. It can be used as wine, Water, facilitates urination. "Modern medicine has proven that grapes contain many tonics. Eating more grapes can help refresh the brain and treat neurasthenia.
The wine produced by the Minquan County Winery using local raw materials sells well abroad and is exported to 18 countries and regions.
Xixia Chinese Kiwi
The ancient name of Kiwi is Changchu. As far back as more than 2,500 years ago, the "Book of Songs. Huifeng" contains: "There are cypress trees in Xi, and Yinuo branches." (Hui trees are in today's Xinzheng, Mi County, and Xingyang areas). This shows that kiwi fruit has been produced since ancient times. in Henan. Cen Shen, a native of Nanyang in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in a poem: "There is a kiwi on the well railing in the atrium." From this we know that kiwi fruit was cultivated artificially at that time. The "Supplement to Materia Medica" of the Tang Dynasty said: "Kiwi fruit is sweet and non-toxic and can be used for medicinal purposes. It is mainly used to treat arthritis, paralysis, long-term white hair, hemorrhoids, etc." Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty also recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Its shape is like a pear, its color is like a peach, and kiwis like to eat, so they have various names." From the above records, it shows that our ancestors of Shen Dynasty had a good understanding of the shape, properties and medical treatment of kiwifruit. The purpose has long been known.
Kiwi fruit is a specialty of my country. There are three major production areas in the country: Funiu Mountain, Tongbai Mountain, and Dabie Mountains in Henan; Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi; and western Hunan. Henan is the main kiwi fruit producing area in the country, with wide distribution in 17 counties in the province. The annual output of kiwi fruit is 27-50 million jin.
Kiwi fruit was introduced to foreign countries as early as 1849. The United Kingdom, the United States, and New Zealand were the earliest countries to introduce it, and it has now been introduced to Europe, America, and Australia. Therefore, it is called Chinese kiwi fruit. There are many names for kiwi fruit, commonly known as "carambola", "vine pear" and "muzi". Different regions have different names, such as "Dahongpao" in Guizhou, "Dalinghe" in Fujian, "Yangtao" in Jiangxi, and "Ghost Tao" in Shaanxi. The names abroad are: "Kiwi" in New Zealand, "Chinese gooseberry" in the United States, "Chinese monkey pear" in Japan, etc.
Chinese kiwi is a deciduous vine fruit tree with strong adaptability and can grow below an altitude of two thousand meters. It is a yin plant, avoids strong sunlight, and grows mostly in forest edges and shrubs. Generally, it blooms and bears fruit in three or four years, enters the fruiting period in six or seven years, and has a life span of thirty to sixty years. Kiwi leaves are oval or garden-shaped. It blooms in summer, and the flowers are white at first, and then gradually turn yellow. Dioecious, with vines like grapes. The berries mature in autumn. The fruits are oval or nearly spherical, about 2.5-5 cm long. The young fruits are densely covered with downy hairs. When ripe, they are hairless and gray-brown in color. The fruit setting rate is very high. Each tree generally produces 20-50 kilograms per year. The maximum weight is 200-300 kilograms. The fruit is sweet and sour, with a refreshing flavor. It has a special flavor of melon, strawberry and citrus, and has high nutritional value.
Kiwi fruit is not only a good nutritional product, but also has significant medical effects.
Modern research on it has proven that it has certain curative effects on hepatitis, hypertension, heart disease, arteriosclerosis, and burns. In particular, it has the effect of anti-cancer and treating leprosy.
Xin'an Beef Heart Persimmon
Yuli Township, Xin'an County, Luoyang is rich in Beef Heart Persimmon. The fresh fruit contains 1.36% protein, 0.75% fat, 5.11% fructose, 2.08% crude fiber, and 80.21% moisture. %, ash content 0.65%. In addition to being eaten, it also has certain medicinal functions. In the national persimmon tree competition in 1980, the Yuli Niuxin persimmon tree was listed as a high-quality variety. There are more than 10,000 large persimmon trees, with an annual output of more than 400,000 kilograms of fresh persimmons and 150,000 kilograms of persimmon cakes.
The poem "Ode to Seedless Persimmon" by Kong Pingzhong of the Song Dynasty goes: "There are red fruits in the forest, how thick they are when you press the branches! The persimmon is already soft and beautiful, and your bones are also soft when you sigh. The wind and frost change the color, and the rain and dew are like cream. Oil. It is a good thing to have a good heart. The thorn basket is in the market, and it is easy to find it. The children's halberds are chewed quickly, but you have nothing to worry about. The garden is ripe for autumn. It is large, weighing seven to eight kilograms per kilogram; the cake body is soft, with a lot of persimmon frost secretion, high sugar content, and a sweet taste; it has no or few seeds and is resistant to storage. Best-selling in Shaanxi, Gansu, Guangdong and Guangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang and other places
Huixian fragrant rice
Huixian fragrant rice is one of the rare rice varieties in my country and belongs to the japonica subspecies waxy variant fragrant rice . In the Taihang Mountains in northern Henan, spring-irrigated rice cultivation has a long history. Villages such as Lougen, Bapanmo, Xiwangzhuang, Sanxiaoying, and Zhongxiaoying, which are close to the Baiquan River, are surrounded by springs and have fertile land. They have long been concentrated production areas of fragrant rice. The rice has a short oval shape, milky white color, strong fragrance and waxy texture. It can be used to make sweets such as soup garden, eight-treasure rice, rice balls and pastries: when cooking porridge, you only need to add a little, and the aroma will be fragrant. It has the reputation of "when one family cooks porridge, the whole village will be fragrant". Fragrant rice has become a "tribute" since the Northern Song Dynasty.
There is no research on the origin of fragrant rice. There is only one legendary myth in Huixian County. It is said that one autumn long ago, a group of golden geese flew over Baiquan (in Huixian County). An injured goose fell down and was rescued by a kind farmer. He was carefully cured and returned to the blue sky. In the spring of the following year, the goose came back with a golden rice seed in its mouth and gave it to the farmer to cultivate. After harvesting, it was made into rice. The rice was so fragrant that the people were amazed and named it fragrant rice.
In fact, Huixian fragrant rice is an ancient farm variety in Huixian. It was originally cultivated as spring rice in northern Henan and lasted for about 165 days. Later, it was changed to wheat stubble rice and it can mature normally. Fragrant rice varieties are cold-tolerant, early-season tolerant, disease-resistant, and highly adaptable, with a rice yield rate of 75%. However, the millet dividing ability is weak, and the plant height is 14J-250 cm. Therefore, the growth rate is low, the plants are prone to lodging, and the yield is not high. The average yield per mu is only 400 to 500 kilograms. Before and after liberation, it was used as a rice matching variety. In the 1950s, Hui County only planted about 200 acres per year. The state purchases 30,000 to 40,000 kilograms every year.
During the "Cultural Revolution", Huixian's fragrant rice was also regarded as a "revolutionary target", and it was massacred and almost eliminated. At present, there are only sporadic plantings. Due to the long cultivation history, the varieties have degraded and the fragrance has also been greatly reduced. In 1974, the Xinxiang Regional Agricultural Science Institute used the hybridization of "Huixian Fragrant Rice" and "Xindao No. 2" to breed the "Xinxiang No. 1" improved variety. The plant height is reduced to 90-100 centimeters, and the yield per mu is increased to 800-900 kilograms, while maintaining the advantages of the original fragrant rice. At present, the planting area of ??fragrant rice in Huixian County is about 800 acres, with an annual output of nearly 706 kilograms. In 1982, the state purchased 150,000 kilograms. In recent years, it has also been planted in Wenxian, Wuxian, Xiuwu and other counties, and it is very popular among the people.
Fenghuangtai Glazed Rice
Fenghuangtai Glazed Rice is produced in Fenghuangtai Village in the eastern suburbs of Zhengzhou. The rice is thick at one end and tapering at the other. It is white and shiny in color. After being steamed, the rice stands upright and has a fragrant aroma. It tastes soft and delicious, and the fragrance lingers after eating. Summer leftovers don’t go bad easily. It is said that it became "tribute rice" in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Back then, when Empress Dowager Cixi tasted the couplets in the bowl, she saw that the couplets in the bowl were not upright. She became furious and wanted to accuse Magistrate Zheng and the villagers of deceiving the emperor. Magistrate Zheng quickly sent a famous chef to Beijing after hearing the news. The chef shook it slowly first. The rice bowl was steamed in a steamer until the Empress Dowager Cixi saw that the rice in the bowl was standing tall, and she was freed from the crime. After liberation, the people of Fenghuangtai were very proud. In 1960, they carefully ground one hundred kilograms of Fenghuangtai indica rice and presented it to Chairman Mao.
The origin of Guanding Fenghuangtai indica rice is unknown. The local people have a magical legend. Long before the drought, there was a lake. The water in the lake was clean and sweet. After drinking water every day, a phoenix would Singing and dancing by the lake add joy to life to the local people. At that time, the cruel Qinglong wanted Phoenix to be its singing prostitute, and the Phoenix was loyal and unyielding. So, Qinglong showed his lust and drank up the lake water in one go, trying to make Phoenix thirsty. The upright and kind-hearted Phoenix couldn't bear to ask everyone to suffer catastrophe for her, so she let her tears flow into the lake. She didn't stop breathing until the water filled the entire lake. People buried her on a hillside by the lake, which was called Fenghuang Hill. Later, Fenghuang Tower was built. From then on, the people here used Fenghuang's water to grow rice. As a result, the rice that grew was thick at one end and tapered at the other, quite like the eyes of the Phoenix. Because of Fenghuang's injustice, the rice stood upright and did not fall over after being steamed. Showing the unyielding heroic appearance of the phoenix.
In fact, the uniqueness of Fenghuangtai rice is determined by the water, soil and variety. In ancient times, there was a lake near Fenghuangtai Village, named "East Lake". By the Qing Dynasty, it had been silted up into a low-lying area of ??a hundred acres. The ground and water taste sweet, and the rice grown is "Big White Mango", which is the famous Fenghuangtai indica rice. "Dabaimang" is an indica rice variety with a growth period of about 150 days. It is suitable for spring sowing or summer sowing in Zhengzhou. The rice is solid and requires more water when steaming. It has a large swell and yields a lot of rice. The rice is also white and shiny. The rice balls are thick at one end and tapered at the other. Shake the rice bowl gently before steaming, and the big end of the rice will sink. After steaming, the rice will stand upright. The water and soil are good, so the aroma is fragrant. If "Big White Mango" is planted elsewhere, it will lack fragrance. If the hundreds of acres of lowland are planted into other oval-shaped varieties, the grains will not stand upright. However, this variety has tall plants and poor resistance to fertilizer and lodging. Due to generations of planting, the variety has degraded, with an annual yield per mu of only over 200 kilograms. Nowadays, due to the large-scale planting of high-yielding rice varieties, low-yielding varieties such as "Dabaimang" are only preserved as variety resources. In addition, deep wells are dug to divert water to irrigate the fields and springs are exhausted. Today's Fengtai indica rice has lost its original character. In order to maintain this reputation, manpower selection should be organized to cultivate new varieties that only have the characteristics of this variety. to promote applications.