the town government of makou town in Hanchuan city is located in makou, with a population of 8,278 and an area of 58.1 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 6 neighborhood committees and 36 village committees: Xinzheng Street, Zengjiawan, Xujialing, Shitou Road, 35O9, Dingji, Yingshan, Qiuzinao, Aojia, Pine Forest, Bawuyao, Zhouhu, Jinhe, Makou, Yaoxin, Xinzhuang, Gaoshan, Gaomiao, Guanshan, Zaoshu, Yanshan, Five Blessingg, etc. Makou Town, Hanchuan City is adjacent to Wuhan, and it is named Hanchuan because the Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, flows through the territory. Makou is really ancient. In this small town near the Han River, ancestors lived here in the late period of ancient Yunmengze, creating civilization. The earliest name of Makou is called Ximakou, which is said to be because the terrain of Makou is like a lying fine horse sleeping by the river, and there is a clear spring flowing out of Makou all the year round on the ridge, and the local people feel excited at the scene, so it is called "Ximakou". During the Three Kingdoms period, Guan Yu went down from Jingzhou to Hanyang and passed through Ximakou, where the army rested. After Guan Yu led the horse to the river to drink water, he tied the horse to a big stone at Ximakou, and only led the army to leave at dawn the next day. After Guan Yu left, people here were proud that Guan Yu tied the horse orally, and the horse washing mouth was changed to the horse mouth. In the old street of Makou, the local elders told me that Makou used to be related to the sacred temple, near the Han River not far from Makou, and now it is also related to the names of the holy brigade and Guansheng Village. It is an ancient and prosperous water town with Hanshui River in the north and Makou Lake in the south. Makou is only 45 kilometers away from Wuhan, and it benefits from the Hanshui River. The developed traffic has brought the prosperity of Makou's commerce and trade. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Wuhan fell, Makou once became the enemy's rear, and the business was booming, so it was called "Little Hankou". At that time, Makou, like Hankou, also had a bustling Hanzheng Street. Because it was located by the Hanshui River, the locals called it Zhengjie or Laojie. Sunny spring, accompanied by Xiong Guochun, chief of propaganda department of Hanchuan County Committee, and Rao Guodong, director of Makou Town Committee Office, I walked into Makou Old Street. Liang Shu Zhen, an 81-year-old old resident here, told me that the street in the old street was originally a slate road paved with bluestone, which was built with donations from an official surnamed Chen after he retired to his hometown in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, the Qingshi Road in Makou extended from the main street to the horizontal street and the back street, which was about two or three miles long. This is the first slate street in Hanchuan County and the longest slate street in Hanchuan. Walking on the stone road, you don't feel hot in summer and don't worry about wet shoes in rainy days. In the 198s, the old street in Makou became a cement pavement, but the slate road is still a beautiful and long memory in the hearts of the old residents in Makou. At the end of the old street, I saw only a few stone slabs, which, though very inconspicuous, are the most authentic historical testimony of the old stone slab street. Witnessed the scenery of Makou in those days, as well as those old houses. In Makou Old Street, there are at least five or six old houses over a hundred years old. From the outside, these houses are really old, but when I walked into them and saw the deep patio, wooden walls, ceilings and carved flowers on doors and windows, I felt the heavy history. In an old house with two patios, I saw a broken rectangular stone strip with a zigzag pattern carved on it. Although it was broken in the middle, I could still see the exquisiteness and age of the carving. The old man Liang Shu Zhen told me that these old houses were oil-pressing workshops in Makou during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and what we saw was Wang Liji Oil-pressing Workshop. Wang Liji Oil Mill has six rooms in Makou, which is one of the largest oil mills in Makou. As the main oil processing base in Hanchuan, there are at most 14 private oil mills in Makou Old Street, and more than 2 people are engaged in the oil extraction industry, with a daily cooking oil output of 35 tons. From here, the small ground sesame oil in Makou floats along the Yangtze River and the Han River, which is one of the famous time-honored products in Makou. Makou time-honored brand that Makou people miss, and Pan Tongchun bean paste. According to Liang Shu Zhen, Pan Tongchun was a native of Jiangsu, and came to Makou to do business in the late Qing Dynasty. Pan Tongchun first opened a grocery store in Makou, but in the end he was famous for pickles and cakes. When Pan Tongchun's business flourished, he opened nine branches in Hubei, including Hankou. Pan Tongchun has been operating in Makou for more than 1 years, and the reputation of the time-honored brand is deeply rooted in the local people. Times have changed, and Pan Tongchun's descendants have already left Makou, and only the factory building is still in the old street. This is a two-story masonry building next to the Hanjiang levee, and the writing "State-run Pan Tongchun" on the lintel has been blurred. We walked along the stone pavement and found a hole in the house, which was very open. Ask the current owner, only to know that the house area of Panjia is 217 square meters. Because most of them are empty, the old house looks a little desolate, but the momentum of the house is still there. Those vats with a diameter of more than 1 meter silently talk about the prosperity and glory of Pan Tongchun. Walking in Makou Old Street, from time to time you will see some damaged pots and pans piled up in front of and behind the house. This is also a major feature of Makou. There is a saying in Hanchuan: the courtyard wall of Makou-rotten altar (talk). The original intention of this sentence means that the courtyard wall of Makou folk house is built with abandoned jars. The courtyard wall of Makou is piled with rotten altars, which is closely related to the ceramic industry of Makou. According to Hanchuan County Records, Makou's ceramic industry began in the Qin Long period of Ming Dynasty (1567-1573). At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were two or three thousand people who made a living by making pottery in Makou. In the Republic of China, there were at most 36 dragon kilns around the new set of Makou Kiln. Makou ceramics is made of local clay, with fine and dense soil, acid and alkali resistance, solid and durable products, which are very popular among the people. Makou ceramics are the most commonly used daily necessities of the people, such as jars, pots, bowls, jars, pots, ovens, etc., and belong to typical folk ceramics. Makou pottery is famous for its variety, fine workmanship, low price and good quality. It not only meets the needs of farmers in Shiliba Township, but also relies on the golden waterway of Hanjiang River to sell all over the country. After liberation, the Eight Immortals Altar in Makou was selected as the teaching material of ceramic art department in colleges and universities, and its popularity was extremely high in the whole country. What the "old kiln worker" in Makou relishes is the "pickle jar" painted with "Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon" and other stories, which won the gold medal in the international exposition. Now, "Makou Kiln" has become the object of Taobao and collection by collectors all over the country, and the saying "the courtyard wall of Makou-rotten altar (talk)" has also become a witness to the prosperity of Makou ceramics industry. At the end of Makou Old Street, it is the main dike of Hanjiang River. Makou is one of the most curved sections of the Hanjiang River, but now standing on the riverbank, I can't see the Hanjiang River with nine twists and turns. In 1983, Bayihuan near Makou was washed away by the Han River, and the river was cut and straightened for 5 kilometers, and the Han River was diverted to the north. At that time, there were many sailboats along the riverbank of Makou Old Street, and the bustling shops gathered, which gradually became history. With the aura of mountains and rivers, talents come forth in large numbers. On October 1, 1911, Wuchang Shouyi broke out, which shocked China and foreign countries. The first soldiers to respond to Wuchang Shouyi were Hanchuan revolutionaries Liang Zhonghan, Liang Yaohan and Liang Huihan. Liang's three brothers are Makou people. "Hanchuan County Records" records that on the second day of Wuchang Shouyi in 1911, Liang Zhonghan and others led more than 1, uprising troops in Makou, and went straight to Hanchuan County. The magistrate surrendered, and the Hanchuan Uprising was successful. On that night, the Hanchuan branch of Hubei military government was established, and Liang Zhonghan served as the commander-in-chief of the branch, which was also the first local military government in Hubei Province. Liang Zhonghan's younger brothers, Liang Yaohan and Liang Huihan, later died for the revolution. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liang Zhonghan was employed as a librarian of the Provincial Museum of Literature and History and died in 1959. Of course, the Liang brothers are not the only outstanding people in Makou. Wei Renjing, a member of the provincial party committee and secretary of Wuchang Municipal Committee in 1928, was a native of Dingji, Makou. Hu Sha, a dramatist who served as the director of China Pingju Theatre after liberation, is from Jinhe, Makou. Song Yang, a musician whose creation "Reading Lang" has been sung so far, is also a Makou. Makou also has provincial Lima Kou Middle School and private Yaohan Middle School, which has trained many talents for Hanchuan and even Hubei. There is also a kind of enjoyment in the daily life of Makou people, that is, listening to "good books." Good books, also known as Hanchuan good books, were the most popular before liberation, and Makou was the dissemination center of Hanchuan good books that year. The story theme of good books is to punish evil and promote good. The person who says good books is called Mr. Wang. He tells vivid and tortuous stories in an infectious tone, which makes the audience fascinated. In the village of Makou, whenever a village "speaks good books", the farmers around it will have supper early to catch up. Wang Haiyuan, a storyteller, was born in Makou in 1886. Wang Haiyuan preached good books all his life and promoted the spread of good books around the Han River. Before liberation, the good books of Hanchuan, Huang Xiao's drum and Tian Mian's fishing drum entered Wuhan together, which was called "Three Flowers Entering the Han Dynasty", and sang in the streets of Wuhan and the lives of ordinary people. "The wind and water are beautiful, and the dragon and white tiger play horse mouth. Low pond fat fish and high lake lotus root, lotus moon reunion Bailiang wine. " This is a poem written by a scholar in Makou. This little poem summarizes the culture of the ancient town of Makou and also tells the special food of Makou. Businessmen from all over the country who came to Makou in those days should first taste the white sorghum wine here, eat the fat fish in the low lake and the lotus root in the high lake. There are many fish in a horse's mouth, and fish can cook hundreds of kinds of fish dishes. It is the custom of Makou people to simmer soup with high lake lotus root, and lotus moon cake is a good gift for Makou people.