In p>1996, Degang Guo from Tianjin formed a folk cross talk society-Deyun Society in Beijing, and performed at Tianqiao Music Theater every weekend. The ticket price was only 21 yuan. More than 211 years have passed, with more and more audiences, it is more and more difficult to make reservations. In the winter of 2115, Degang Guo was suddenly sought after by many media and was extremely popular in Beijing. On October 11, 12 and 25, Degang Guo led Deyun Society to hold the first special theater performance in the Opera House of the People's Liberation Army since Beijing started its business in 2111. As a result, it was hard to get a ticket and the venue was full. On the evening of 12, the performance set a single record of 22 returns and more than 211,111 people watched the live video on Sina. On the China Crosstalk Network, netizens call Degang Guo Guo Meng-the man who has the ability to inherit and interpret traditional cross talk, while fans who like him call themselves "tightrope".

what are the reasons for Degang Guo's popularity? How long will the audience's pursuit of him last? What influence does he have on contemporary cross talk? Recently, this newspaper invited several senior cultural figures who love the art of cross talk. Most of them are Degang Guo's loyal "tightrope", and each family expressed their opinions on the "Degang Guo phenomenon" and the problems in the development of contemporary cross talk.

■ Degang Guo was born in 1973. He was originally from Tianjin. At the age of eight, he studied storytelling with Gao Qinghai. Later, he studied crosstalk with Chang Baofeng, a famous crosstalk artist. In 2115, he joined the Railway Cultural and Art Troupe, took Hou Yuewen as his teacher, and studied Peking Opera, Pingju and Hebei Bangzi.

He began to travel to Beijing in p>1995, and has been performing traditional cross talk in the theater for a long time, mastering more than 611 old paragraphs. In 1996, she organized a cross talk team-Deyun Society, and worked with famous artists such as Fan Zhenyu and Zhang Wenshun. Often performed jokes include: Tie Doll, Learn Radio, Find a Hall Meeting, White House Meeting, Japanese Bangzi, Newspaper Name, Exposing Tiles, Giving a Son by His Wife, Latin Film, Wu Zhuizi, Sheep Up the Tree, etc., and they are excavated and preserved.

Degang Guo initiated the era of theater crosstalk?

Huang Jisu (playwright, researcher of China Academy of Social Sciences)

The most vivid cross talk is improvisation, and Degang Guo's cross talk has been done. I heard his cross talk and felt that talented people came out of the country. The reason for this is that there are many bad habits in old-fashioned cross talk, such as seniority. Although Degang Guo is Hou Yuewen's apprentice, his ability can be compared with that of Hou Baolin. Hou Baolin created a new situation of cross talk, refined the old cross talk of Tianqiao style, and at the same time reflected the things of new China, and then made cross talk enter TV and radio. After that, the cross talk has continued this trend. By the time of reform and opening up, cross talk had reached a peak, and its satirical function had reached an unprecedented height. Then cross talk entered the Spring Festival Evening, which made the cross talk from low to high reach a peak. When it entered the Spring Festival party, we found that crosstalk came to an end. And watching Degang Guo's cross talk makes people suddenly feel that the best cross talk has arrived in the theater, as if something had started all over again, which is just the opposite of Hou Baolin's direction (the best cross talk in Hou Baolin at that time was on TV). In this sense, in the whole system, what Degang Guo is doing now may be an epoch-making thing. If Deyun Society is successful, it may be a sign that this kind of art has left a situation in which a form covers the whole country. Television is oriented to the whole country, but the theater is that part of the people, and it will form many small elegant cultures. Aroma is alive and well among some people.

But there are conditions to form this situation: 1. Inherit the tradition well; 2. Enter the contemporary life. It's not easy to get two together. Any traditional folk art of the Chinese nation has the problem of how to combine tradition with modernity. In my opinion, Degang Guo still has potential in this respect. For example, he has mastered some traditions very well. However, these wonderful things he has mastered may not be completely integrated with the background brought by different cultures of our audience. Without full integration, he needs to continue to integrate, continue to educate the audience, and try to get close to the audience. In addition, his own conditions are good: 1, good training, mastering a lot of things, 2, good personal talent, 3, having a good attitude. He put his mentality into life and melted it into practice. He has been in the theater for ten years, and the quantitative change should reach the qualitative change.

Pursuit is in the hope of playing a good role in the construction of cross talk

Qin Zheng (director of Beijing TV Station)

Degang Guo was not as hot as it is now in the first half of last year, but in the autumn of 2115, it suddenly became hot, a bit like a super girl, which has a lot to do with media propaganda, because many media people are "tightrope". However, when we are used to listening to TV cross talk, we suddenly find that the content, skills and environment in the theater are quite good, so we are willing to hold a corner that we think is worth holding. This is a matter of mentality. In addition, as Mr. Huang Jisu said, Degang Guo is sought after by us, not because of how he is, but because we hope it will play a good role in our future cultural construction, artistic construction, or cross talk construction.

Theater culture has broken the monistic TV imperialism culture

It is very difficult to create cross talk. Some of Degang Guo's cross talk is good, but some of it is not very good, so we praise him, but don't kill him. However, he is not afraid of killing, he "grew up" in the environment of killing. That is to say, Degang Guo grew up in the market. The significance of what he did is that he is a theater culture, and his appearance can drive other theater cultures in the future. It doesn't matter how much money he earns. What matters is that someone goes to see it. If so, it will be very different in the future. For example, people who often go to this theater form a small culture in communication with other audiences, and they are responsible for maintaining cross talk. Other artistic styles can also be developed. For the culture of our time, it can be said that the pluralistic culture has broken the unitary TV imperialism culture. The first time was the success of the market.

Degang Guo's cross talk itself is a good standard: the tradition is well inherited, carried forward and reformed. The combination of inheritance and continuation is particularly good. He solved the needs of the audience, but also solved his own needs. He wanted to make money and feed some people. With the economic development, the market may gradually become orderly, but it may take a little longer for our generation, but we hope to form a virtuous circle of the market as soon as possible. There is also a very simple reason for Degang Guo's success, that is, there are not many cultures we can contact, but too few, and we have too few choices.

It is easier for cross talk to form a standard culture in the theater

In addition, there is a problem that culture may not adapt to all environments. On TV, you will feel uncomfortable when you see cross talk actors forget their words, but the same thing will make people laugh in the theater and the audience will find it very interesting. Audiences and performers on the stage can produce * * * sounds in the theater, but they don't exist on TV, so this kind of culture is particularly easy to form in the theater. It can promote the development of theater culture and form a diverse space, so that many things in the cultural tradition will be revived.

It can be said that the return of cross talk to the theater is at least a promising thing, but TV may not bring much hope. We have been engaged in television for so many years. Even if the specialization of channels can play some role, it is not as good as the theater, because in different environments, the media of art are different, and performing in a small theater is completely different from performing in a big theater. Another disadvantage of TV crosstalk is that it makes the audience know how to use the baggage, so there is no mystery, and there are so many people in theater crosstalk. In addition, TV cross talk has a time limit, just like watching a fast-forward movie. Crosstalk is easy to form a standard culture in the theater, cultivate some theater audiences and form certain aesthetics.

Degang Guo came from the market.

Zhang Lixian (publisher, planner)

The original cross talk, a joke can be said to be more than ten years, those cross talk actors have no worries about food and clothing, what they care about is to evaluate several actors, and they have developed the inertia of artistic creation. Degang Guo's slogan is "No baggage".

Therefore, while accepting the market test, he constantly corrected his creation and performance, and was tempered. Otherwise, they have no market and no audience. Planning cross talk kills people, and market cross talk feeds people here. Degang Guo's success can be said to come from his understanding, but more importantly, his diligence. His first cross talk had only one audience, and he had to ensure that there were two audiences in the second, otherwise, he could not live. Nowadays, many crosstalk performers can't catch up with him, because he has been struggling for 11 years and can't catch up with him in time.

In addition, the social demand for culture is also a condition for their survival. Teacher Huang Jisu also said that Degang Guo's cross talk came from the market, and China used to be a planned system, so people in the original system probably had different views on the human body in the market. Degang Guo has been in Beijing for several times, and his success is not easy. With his own efforts and wisdom, he finally succeeded. After the reform and opening up, many people turned from contempt for China's traditional culture to bargain sale, but few people really loved Chinese traditional culture. This love was based on respect for every detail, every turning point and every fragment, and they devoted a kind of enthusiasm to him. Later, although the concept changed, the real action did not change. Then, I suddenly found that Degang Guo had been here for ten years and had been guarding these things. People like Degang Guo have the spirit of modern intellectuals. Mentally, he is not that decadent. "

Guo Gengrong easily inherits the tradition of cross talk culture

Yuan Hong (a dramatist and former artistic director of North Theater)

Degang Guo's success is also due to his credit. He can share joys and sorrows with his partners, instead of thinking about how to get rich first, and then everyone else. He is the kind of person who can fill your stomach with a steamed bun, but also let you eat noodles. Crosstalk artists in Taiwan Province, who have been studying cross talk in the Mainland, like Li Liqun and Feng Yigang in Taiwan Province, have been reading Lao She's books constantly, and they are also familiar with the scripts of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Degang Guo has better conditions. He has the advantage of getting the moon first, so he can inherit the tradition of Chinese crosstalk culture more easily. Moreover, he is constantly reading various books about crosstalk.

In addition, the development of drama theater also provides some conditions for the development of Degang Guo crosstalk. Many people Degang Guo comes into contact with are engaged in drama or watching drama, which will definitely have an impact on him.

Degang Guo revived cross talk

Du Li (editor of People's Literature Publishing House)

I am a tightrope. In the past, I would go to the theater to watch Kunqu opera or listen to local operas, and listen to Beijing opera on TV. Later, I went to listen to Degang Guo's cross talk every week, feeling that his success was due to his personal charm. Crosstalk is supposed to be appreciated for elegance and vulgarity. In Degang Guo, there are blue-collar and white-collar workers in the audience, and it can also be said that cross talk is resurrected here. In addition, listening to his cross talk can also learn the writing of the article, and the humor in cross talk can be used for reference in writing.

Degang Guo's cross talk made me feel so kind to all kinds of folk art for the first time, and made me feel like a real China person, just like something in my home. My father, my mother, my grandfather and my grandmother asked me to touch the things handed down from my family. I didn't touch them before, but then I suddenly reached an age, or they let me touch these things in a way, so I want to keep touching them in the future.

Degang Guo's popularity is a test for him

Shi Hang (playwright)

An opportunity brought by one person

Previously, mascots were all domestic animals, and suddenly they were changed to wild animals, so everyone felt very fresh. The appearance of Degang Guo crosstalk is the same as this, but for wild animals, being a mascot is not necessarily lucky. Because he will lose his life, it must be a test, not a luck, for Degang Guo that his cross talk has become a fashion.

In the past, cross talk was all about the stars on TV, such as Hou Yuewen. Suddenly, listening to Degang Guo's cross talk in the theater, I felt very good. However, it is not necessarily a good thing that Degang Guo is so sought after. This must be a test for him, not luck. There are many similarities between crosstalk and the revival of drama. And the significance of Degang Guo this time is that he is a leading figure, a ZTE nationality, a chance brought by one person, not a chance brought by the change of a big era. The significance of Degang Guo's cross talk lies in the fact that what he said is the true sadness and joy in the secular world. There are too many literary forms for us to explore the true sadness and joy in the secular world.

The biggest benefit is enlightenment

In addition, the biggest benefit of listening to his cross talk is enlightenment. People care about their emotions and know what makes them happy and what makes them unhappy. Let everyone find their emotions meaningful. Degang Guo's success has three points: first, talent; Second, the opportunity for actual combat exercises has continued; The third is young and can withstand all kinds of ups and downs. Liang Zuo's contribution to cross talk is that he can bring some short stories from the Soviet Union, which are also found in Degang Guo. He didn't mean to bring them directly like reading a congratulatory message, but chewed them up, which shows that cross talk can be used for reference with other art forms when it is clear and sharp, which was rare before. Degang Guo himself said that after Ma Sanli left, who cares about our small calculations, grievances, cowardice and fantasies, and who will speak for us? In addition, Degang Guo's cross talk has an epic feeling in his bones and a small ambition, such as his Eight Major Careers. Therefore, his changes to cross talk are not just a new one, he is not just changing for the effect of his cross talk, he is trying to cross talk and not spend this era in vain.

Degang Guo knows a lot about himself

I'm not too worried that Degang Guo will be killed. I think he understands very well, and it's very important that he has seen many young artists in the literary and art circles being killed in front of him. He already knows that after being canonized by the media and mainstream culture, just like Ginsberg became a university professor in the 1971s, what can he do? Really all those rebellious leaders really give them rows of seats on the sofa. Those who sit down in the history of literature are shorter than themselves. Degang Guo won't eat this yabakui. How you conferre him has nothing to do with him. He knows that it won't be long before the paper is red, and face-to-face air transmission is like germs. He still believes in face-to-face things, so he won't make too much confusion.

Li Meng (playwright)

Digging up old jokes and adding new burdens

Degang Guo has his personality charm and his reasons for fighting for breath, but in any case, after a long time, the most important thing is that the performance quality is good. I think his contribution is that he dug up a lot of old jokes, but at the same time, he should adapt to the market. His advantage is that he added some new burdens, adapted to the market and attracted the audience. He and Hou Baolin, Ma Sanli's original ideas coincide: the reform after passing on the very old jokes.

What is worrying now is that I hope Degang Guo is not just a phenomenon, it will be very hot for a while, and after this time.