The people of Jinyun are simple and honest, and their customs are simple and honest. They value etiquette and good communication. They value agriculture and Confucianism, education and literature. They are thrifty, self-reliant, and generous to others. It specifically reflects the following aspects:
Folk Festivals
The main folk festivals in Jinyun include: Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming, Beginning of Summer, Yellow Emperor Sacrifice Ceremony, Dragon Boat Festival, Qixi Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, etc.
Spring Festival: The Spring Festival is the Lunar New Year in my country. It is the largest and most solemn traditional folk festival in urban and rural areas across the country. In order to welcome the Spring Festival, people have to make a series of preparations, such as buying new year goods, cleaning, hanging lanterns, pasting Spring Festival couplets, and setting off fireworks in rural areas. Family members working in other places usually need to rush home before New Year's Eve to celebrate the New Year.
The Chinese New Year in various places in Jinyun begins on December 25th and ends on the 30th of the lunar calendar. In addition to family members, neighbors, close relatives and friends should also be invited to have New Year's dinner. The more people, the better. It indicates harmony among neighbors and indicates a prosperous population. On New Year's Eve, you must also prepare everything for food and clothing for the next day. On the first day of junior high school, they wear new clothes, eat leftovers, and do nothing else. It indicates that you will have food, clothing, money and leisure in the coming year. During the Spring Festival, we also have to visit relatives and friends. Nowadays, many people travel to various parts of the country or foreign countries. This is an emerging way of celebrating the festival and a new social fashion.
Lantern Festival: Jinyun people call the fifteenth day of the first lunar month the first half of the first lunar month. Since ancient times, people have long formed the tradition of celebrating the half moon or the Lantern Festival. Just after the first day of the Lunar New Year, everyone was in high spirits and busy making preparations for the Lantern Festival. For example, a dragon is generally made of a dragon board that is 1 foot 2 feet long, 18 centimeters wide, and 8 centimeters thick, and must be made of high-quality pine; the dragon shell must be made of high-quality moso bamboo, split into very fine and thin pieces. The strips are tied up with hemp, pasted with transparent paper, and finally a skilled artist is invited to paint them, and a dragon that looks just like the real one is created. The welcoming ceremony officially begins on the twelfth day of the first lunar month. Before the welcoming ceremony, sacrifices must be made and the finishing touch must be given by a respected old man. Only then can the lanterns be lit and the dragon raised. A dragon consists of a dragon head, a dragon body and a dragon tail. The long one has more than 300 sections, and the short one has more than 100 sections. Each section is carried by 2 people. The dragon head needs 16 people to carry it. It shakes its head and tail. There are big gongs in front and a band leading the way. The dragon ball is rolling, the lanterns are standing on two sides, sometimes it is a long dragon, sometimes it is a coiled dragon, the lights are flashing and firecrackers are blasting, it is a lively scene. It starts at 3 pm every day and returns after 12 pm. It ends on the 16th night of the first lunar month. The dragon must be torn into pieces and the dragon boards must be returned to the house for reuse next year. The Banlong came out to welcome, the pavilion-bearing, the revolving lantern, the Yangko team, the Eight Immortals team, and the Lion team also set off. People came out to welcome the people in the streets and alleys, and people watching crowded on both sides of the road. The sound of gongs, drums, firecrackers, and cheers resounded through the sky. .
Qingming Festival: Mainly a sacrificial activity. The largest one is the Xiandu People's Sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor event, which is hosted by the county CPPCC, and the person in charge of a private enterprise or an individual funds the officiating ceremony. The etiquette is consistent with the public sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor. The smaller ones are folk sacrifices and family sacrifices. Generally, people who are away from home have to go home to participate in ancestor worship to express their respect and memory for their ancestors. Qingming glutinous rice is indispensable when worshiping ancestors. It is a special food in Jinyun. Every household in rural areas makes it at home and can buy it in the county market.
Beginning of Summer: Beginning of Summer requires eating Beginning of Summer rice, Beginning of Summer soup, and some also eat rubber cake (a pancake made with eggs and flour). Beginning of Summer rice is made with rice mixed with broad beans, bamboo shoots, mustard greens, etc., plus fried eggs. Lixia soup is made of red dates, longan, lychee, beans, peanuts and brown sugar. It is usually made as a snack or eaten in the evening. Beginning of summer, farming becomes increasingly busy. According to folklore, bamboo shoots can be used to hold ankle bones, and fried eggs are like bamboo hats, which are said to be able to block the sun and rain. It is taboo to sit on the threshold on the day of Beginning of Summer to prevent the harsh summer. There is also a folk custom of weighing.
Dragon Boat Festival: The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. On this day, Jinyun custom is that every family hangs mugwort leaves in the hall to ward off evil spirits and ward off evil spirits. Using calamus as a sword and inserting it on the lintel has the magical effect of exorcising evil spirits. People eat realgar wine and sprinkle realgar powder in the corners of their homes, or adults use realgar wine to smear their children's faces and bodies in order to drive away germs, silverfish and other diseases. Wearing sachets for children not only means to ward off evil spirits and plagues, but also embellishes the hair. The sachet contains cinnabar, realgar, and fragrant medicine. The outside is wrapped in silk cloth, and the fragrance is overflowing. Five-color silk strings are then tied into ropes and made into various shapes to form a string, which is colorful and exquisite. In Jinyun, rice dumplings during the Dragon Boat Festival must be given by married daughters. This day is also the first day that children can start taking cold baths.
Qixi Festival: July 7th, the biggest event is the Mount Xian Temple Fair (we will introduce it in detail in the guide below), followed by the stacking of Arhats. Arhat is the most representative folk performing art handed down in the history of Jinyun County. It can be divided into three types: welcoming Arhat, stacking Arhat and carrying Arhat.
Welcome Arhats is a traditional festival in Jinyun Village. It is mainly held every year on the 7th day of the seventh lunar month when the temple is consecrated. The entire county’s villages form an Arhat team, with tuba, trombone, gongs and drums teams leading the way, and Mao Gong’s flag. (Long Flag) Following, the Arhat Team, Thirty-Six Troops, Eighteen Foxes, Coin Coin Whips, and Yangko Team set out from the village and walked to the fixed temple. The villages they visited along the way were entertained with tea, light meals, firecrackers, There are gongs and drums to pick up and drop off, and there are 2-5 stages in the front tower of the temple. Amateur and professional theater troupes are invited to perform or call the theater, which is very lively. This kind of festival mainly prays for good weather, plenty every year and peace in the world.
The arhat is chosen to be stacked in a relatively large Taoist altar, wearing ancient clothes and a large belt around the waist. Strong people are allowed to serve as the Arhat pillars (composed of the base pillar, middle pillar and top pillar) and the left, right and right pillars. It consists of 4 people in the front and rear (called wing-inserting) and the Arhat top, and 8-12 people in the back. This kind of form is called stacked Arhat.
After the Arhats are stacked, firecrackers are blasting, drums are noisy, and suonas and tubas are sounded. They have to circle the patio 8-10 times and choose the widest road in the village to greet them along the street. The audience is tight It is very lively, mainly to pray for good luck and good harvest.
Mid-Autumn Festival: It is an important folk festival in Jinyun. The form is roughly similar to that across the country. The upper generation asks the lower generation to go home and reunite as much as possible. During the festival, each family not only eats moon cakes, but also cooks a sumptuous banquet. The whole family gathers together to enjoy family happiness.
Double Ninth Festival: The most important thing is the official ceremony to worship the Yellow Emperor. Dinghu Peak in the Immortal Capital is the place where hundreds of gods ascended to the Yellow Emperor's alchemy cup. The Yellow Emperor's Temple is an important place for worshiping the Yellow Emperor in southern my country. It echoes the Huangling Tomb in Shaanxi and forms a pattern of "Beiling and South Temple" to commemorate ancestors. Every year on Qingming Festival and Double Ninth Festival, civil and public sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor are held respectively. The sacrificial activities adopt the specifications of "Yu Li" (the highest ritual sacrifice in ancient times) and are carried out in a way that combines tradition and modernity, etiquette and music. During the period, various competitive activities, folk art performances and cultural exchanges in Xiandu will be carried out ( We will explain this in detail in the tour guide of Dinghu Peak Scenic Area). September 9th is another Senior Citizen's Day. The county carries out some fitness, entertainment and respect activities for the elderly. Sometimes large-scale rock climbing and mountaineering activities are held. On this day, there is a folk tradition of eating mochi and golden dumplings (a sweet made from glutinous rice).
Second Culture and Entertainment
1. Wu Opera: It is one of the famous opera types in Zhejiang. It was originally called Gaoqiang, Kunqiang, Huiban, Luantan, Sanheban, etc., because it is mainly popular in Jinhua (called Wuzhou in ancient times), this name was adopted after liberation. Wu Opera incorporates the essence of Kun Opera, Hui Opera and other operas. It is a new type of opera formed through the integration and development of many parties. The performances of Wu Opera are exaggerated, vivid, vivid, and strong. They pay attention to the literary performance of martial arts, and the performance of literary and martial arts. As the saying goes: "Martial operas take your time, and literary operas break the stage." Since the costumes in the past did not have sleeves, the performance mostly focused on the fingers and wrists, and the postures and postures were similar to those of the characters in Dunhuang murals, which was unique. There are many stunts, such as face-changing, tooth-playing, lamp rolling, red boxing, flying fork, beads, etc. The roles are divided into Laosheng, Laowai, Vice Mo, Xiaosheng, Da Hua Mian (Jing), Er Hua Mian (Vice), Xiao Hua Mian (Chou), Si Hua Mian (Wu Jing), Hua Dan, Zuo Dan, Zheng Dan, Lao Dan, and Wu Xiao Dan. , Sanliang Dan, (the third Hua Dan), Za (playing the role of a fairy, a tiger, a dog, and the concurrent one in charge of the "three boxes") *** fifteen lines.
Famous actors in Wu opera include Jiang Heyi, Xu Dongfu, Zhou Yuexian, Xu Ruying, Zhou Yuegui, Xu Xigui, Wang Jinlong, Ye Agou, Zheng Lanxiang, Ge Suyun, Wu Guangyu, etc.
The traditional repertoire of Wu Opera is very rich. The more influential repertoires include: "Meeting of Monks and Nuns", "Dialogue", "Golden Seal", "Sun Bin and Pang Juan", "Three Invitations to Pear Blossoms", "The Duan" "Bridge", "Xi Shi's Tears" and the modern drama "Peach Storm", etc.
2. Tea-picking opera: It is a folk drama, also known as "lantern opera". It is said that it was performed in Xinbi Xiaoxi Village as early as the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, and it was widely spread by the Qing Dynasty. The music comes from folk tunes, and the programs include "Twelve Tea Pickings", "Tea Selling", "Plate Tea", "Begging for Tea Rent", "Four Sisters Picking Flowers", etc. In the 1920s, Hui and Luan dramas began to be incorporated. There are still folk performances to this day.
3. Drum lyrics: It is a folk art, commonly known as "drum singing" and is popular in Jinyun County. Most of the drummers are blind. The contents of drum lyrics are mostly adapted from traditional operas and folk tales. Most of them do not have sung texts and rely on oral transmission. The accompaniment of drum lyrics is drums and wooden boards, and the lyrics are mainly composed of 7-character sentences, with occasional 4-11-character sentences. The singing style is mostly chanting style, which is compatible with Bai, Biao and Singing. According to the needs of the plot, opera singing and folk tunes are also inserted. There are three types of rhythms: slow rhythm, medium rhythm and tight rhythm. According to different emotions, there are flat rhythm, clear rhythm, scolding rhythm, crying rhythm and wave rhythm.
The traditional repertoire often sung include: "Buying Firewood", "Love and Affection", "Jade Phoenix Hairpin", "Manmenxian", "Double Golden Tin", "Water Red Robe", "Jade Hairpin" ", "Hibiscus Fan", "Lian of Two Pearls", "Tianbao Tu", etc.
4. Lotus: It is a folk art. During the God-welcoming competition, the singing team wears robes and straw hats. There are dozens or hundreds of people in large groups. The percussion instruments used include big boards, Small boards, centipede sticks, rattle dishes, rattle cups, wooden fish, bamboo ties, etc. The basic tunes include "Gao Yun", "Ping Yun", "Sha Lamei", etc. When singing, they lead the crowd and have strong rhythm. Each Lotus team has a set repertoire that has been passed down from generation to generation. Because the tunes are popular, the lyrics are colloquial, and the singing content is mostly loved by the masses, it quickly became popular among the people.
5. Steel Fork Dance: According to Zhu’s genealogy records, Steel Fork Dance began during the Longqing Period of the Ming Dynasty (1570 AD), nearly 500 years ago. Its origin is related to worshiping Guan Yunchang. It is said that every May 13th is the anniversary of Guan Yunchang. To express their gratitude to him, the villagers always invite famous theater troupes to perform plays for three days and three nights. The village organizes to welcome the case. Welcome is a general term among the people, including Arhat class, platform corner, high platform, long-footed deer, cart, folding card square, turning pig knife and so on.
The Arhat class is actually a martial arts class, including sword dancing, stick fighting, boxing, double maces, spears, shields, bells, forks, etc. The bell fork also represents a weapon, which is imitated from the eighteen ancient weapons. Full of masculine energy, it is said to have the effect of exorcising evil and protecting the good, and can carry forward Guan Yunchang's spirit of loyalty to the country, eliminating evil and protecting the good. Therefore, every year when a crime is committed, one must first go to the Guandi Temple to worship before going to the streets to perform, ringing the fork ( That is the steel fork) was born from this. In order to promote this folk culture, a few previous performers gradually promoted it and it became an activity for the masses. "Gang Fork Dance" also participated in Lishui's large-scale street parade and the Provincial Wushan Square Culture and Art Festival, and was well received. "Steel Fork Dance" also won the gold medal at the opening ceremony of the 3rd Zhejiang Province Square Culture and Art Festival and the Provincial Square Folk Dance (Drumming) Competition in 2002.
6. Temple fairs to welcome the event: The cultural temple fairs developed by offering sacrifices to Hu Gong and Chen Shishiniang have a history of nearly a thousand years. The temple fair commonly known as "Welcoming Cases" is actually a large-scale folk sports and art performance.
Every year on the eighth day of the first lunar month, Gongqian Village welcomes Hu Gong and Waiqian Village welcomes the Prime Minister in white. On the second day of February, Shuikou Village welcomes the Fourteenth Empress Chen. On the thirteenth day of May, Jinzhu Village welcomes Guan Gong. On the sixth day of June, Yan Yan Bei and Guicun welcome Zhu Xianggong, the village welcomes the Third Taizu on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, and the mountain temple fairs on the seventh and tenth lunar months welcome the Fourteenth Empress Chen. Hengtang'an Village welcomes Duke Hu, Chiyan Mountain welcomes the "Three Generals" on September 10th, and the county seat welcomes the City God on October 15th. Among them, the fairs at Chiyan Mountain, Xianshan Temple and Chenghuang Temple were the most grand and grand. Teams from villages within several miles around were formed to deliver cases, sometimes as many as 30 or 40 teams. The welcoming team is mainly composed of Arhat troupe, and there are also stilts, thirty-six rows, eighteen foxes, lotus, mute lee wind, small singing troupe, etc. In front of the Luohan team, there is a "big head" in charge. The person in charge was proud of this, and took the lead in investing money to connect the villagers, called "piercing the nose", and then held a meal party, raised funds to hire a coach, and held a meal to celebrate again after the event was completed. On the day of the temple fair, several villages will perform to welcome the event. At the climax, there will be a team of 40 to 50 feet in "Arhat Fighting" one day. Each village will show off its unique skills, which is colorful and spectacular.
This is a traditional folk entertainment and fitness activity and a grand festival for farmers themselves. Many of these excellent traditional programs have been preserved to this day and have become folk art treasures.
In addition, Jinyun’s singing and dancing, concerts, nightclubs, folk performances and karaoke activities are all colorful, adding endless fun to people’s nightlife.
Three local specialties
Friends, our Jinyun has very rich local specialties, mainly including wild rice slices, Jinyun soil noodles, day lily, alpine wild rice, alpine radish, alpine pepper, October wine, as well as stone carvings, mushrooms, tea, shelduck, etc.
1. Fanshi Pian: In ancient times, Jinyun people were called "Jinyun Fanshi" for two reasons: one is that Jinyun people are honest and honest, and the other is that Jinyun County is a major county that produces Fanshi. . Fanshi chips are made from potato pieces that are selected, washed, peeled, sliced, boiled and sun-dried. The collection is soft and translucent, crispy, sweet and delicious. The best ones are about 8 x 16 centimeters, rectangular, cut and turned into various auspicious patterns. After being fried, they are highly ornamental and edible, and are used to greet distinguished guests.
2. Day lily: commonly known as daylily. Jinyun daylily has been cultivated for more than 600 years. The dried daylily is light yellow or golden strip-shaped, shiny, rich in flesh, rich in nutrients, and contains 18 kinds of amino acids. According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica", daylily has the functions of calming the nerves and strengthening the stomach, antipyretic and analgesic, diuretic and reducing swelling, and is a good product for family consumption.
3. Jinyun Suo Noodles: Also called Jinyun Soil Noodles, it uses local special wheat flour, edible salt, and natural spring water. It is made using traditional handicrafts without any additives. It is a treasure among traditional folk specialties. Jinyun people use Suomian as gifts whenever they visit relatives and friends; celebrate birthdays with Suomian banquets to express longevity; on the first day of the Lunar New Year, every household eats Suomian eggs to seek good luck, good fortune and prosperity in the new year.
4. Alpine wild rice: Alpine wild rice has soft meat, tender white texture, delicious taste and rich nutrition. It contains about 4% sugar, about 1.5% protein, and a variety of vitamins and amino acids. As a "pollution-free" green food, it sells well in large and medium-sized cities inside and outside the province.
5. Alpine radish: Alpine radish is the main variety of root vegetables. It contains sugar, vitamins and inorganic salts, especially amylolytic enzymes, which can promote people's appetite and digestion. This kind of radish has the characteristics of tender meat, rich water content, not easy to be hollowed out, and smooth skin.
6. Alpine pepper: It is a vegetable of the Solanaceae family. Its fruit is green when unripe and red when mature. The fruit is rich in carotene and vitamin C, especially vitamin C, which ranks first among vegetables. The chili peppers produced in our county have medium spiciness and soft skin. They are suitable for cooked food, pickling or processing into chili powder. Each gram of pepper contains about 97.5 mg of iron and about 353 mg of calcium. Many ingredients are higher than other similar vegetables.
7. October wine: Jinyun people have the tradition of brewing local wine. Every household chooses to brew it in the tenth month of the lunar calendar, so it is also called October wine. October wine has a fragrant and sweet taste, and has the effect of strengthening the body. Jinyun people use October wine to entertain friends and guests. If the wine is slightly heated and mixed with shredded ginger and brown sugar, it can relax the muscles, activate blood circulation, nourish the mind, and remove colds. Jinyun must drink October wine when giving birth to a child.
Four Local Flavors
Jinyun has a wide variety of flavor snacks. The most common ones include wontons (dumplings), fried dough sticks (Tianluosi), steamed buns, soy milk, sesame seed cakes, mochi, pork soup, tofu balls, etc. I will mainly introduce you to several representative snacks:
1. Mochi, a folk specialty snack. After summer, new glutinous rice comes on the market. After steaming the glutinous rice, smash it into cakes in a stone mortar, then pick it into small pieces, wrap brown sugar inside, and rub a layer of cooked glutinous rice flour on the outside. If no sugar is found, it is considered qualified. Every time I go to the market, there are people hawking under the old trees and beside the willow pavilion. After winter, the glutinous rice can be made into pancakes, baked in a pan, and brown sugar is added to make it sweet and glutinous, which is very popular among people.
2. Jinyun Shaobing, also called barrel cake. The preparation method is to first mix the flour, knead, roll out and apply oil. First roll the flour into a thin roll, cut it into small sections, then flatten it with the palm of your hand, put dried vegetables and fresh meat fillings into it, roll it into a cake, apply potato starch sugar oil on the outside, and finally bake it on the inner wall of the barrel oven. . This kind of cake is crispy, fresh and full of flavor.
3. Knock meat soup: a traditional folk snack. Its method is: first cut the pork hind leg finely, mix it with mountain starch, put it on the cutting board, and then use the back of the knife to pound the meat into fine pieces. At the same time, boil the fresh soup in the pot, and then put the meat into the pot until it is cooked. Then thicken it into soup. This kind of soup is smooth, refreshing, fresh and tender, and has all four flavors. Everyone likes it.
4. Tofu balls: a traditional folk snack. The method is as follows: scoop two spoons of mashed tofu into a bowl, add the minced meat and mix evenly, then shake the bowl by hand to roll the minced tofu and meat in the bowl into a ball. Then, put it into a pot of boiling water, cook for a while, take it out, and then put it into another pot of meat and bone soup to continue stewing. It's strange that the tofu balls won't fall apart no matter how much they are stewed. For one yuan, you can eat 4 tofu balls. The tofu is tender and the soup is fragrant.
5. Thousand-layer cake: also known as morning rice cake. The area around Huzhen is called Tangtang. Grind the rice into pulp, steam one layer in a steamer, and then add another layer, so that there are up to ten layers, as thick as a sugar cake. After taking it out of the pot, break it into diamond-shaped pieces and enjoy. It will taste better if you add green vegetables to stir-fry or fry. Peel it into slices, dry it in the sun, and fry it into a crisp, called sugar pineapple. It is eaten as a fruit snack during festivals. It is crispy and refreshing.
6. Qingming Noodles: Wash the green rice cakes, soak them in boiling water to remove the bitterness, chop them finely, mix in rice flour, knead and divide into balls, fill with tofu, bamboo shoots, pork, etc., and put them on the bed The fruit leaves are steamed and cooked, and have an unusual fragrance. They are a must-have food for worshiping ancestors during the Qingming Festival. From March to May, Jinyun's hotels, restaurants and markets are all available, and it is very popular among citizens and tourists.
Five local famous dishes
Friends, we in Jinyun can be said to be a paradise for tasting delicious food. We not only have a rich variety of snacks, but also a variety of dishes with fresh ingredients and exquisite methods. Dishes.
1. Braised creek fish: The main ingredient is wild colorful fish from Haoxi, which is characterized by bright red color and fresh and tender fish meat.
2. Dried vegetable tofu: also called mother-in-law and daughter-in-law tofu. The main ingredients are dried vegetables and salt-braised tofu dried by farmers themselves. They are usually stewed over slow fire. The tofu is characterized by its chewy texture and refreshing taste. In the past, in rural areas, it was used as a nutritious vegetable for women to support their postpartum period.
3. Jinyun Shelduck: The main ingredient is a Jinyun old shelduck. Take some small bamboo shoots and stew them in a pot. It is characterized by delicious taste and clean mouth.
4. Fragrant baby duck: Also called salt and pepper baby duck, the main ingredient is a number of newly hatched male suckling ducks, fried and roasted in fresh vegetable oil. It is characterized by being fragrant and crispy.
5. Jinyun Chicken: The main ingredient is a farm-raised chicken, plus some young ginger, stewed together, it is both pure and nutritious.
6. Farmhouse soil noodles: The main ingredients are soil noodles, small green vegetables, and oil residue. The characteristics are that the soup is clear and fresh, the color is bright, and the soil noodles are not easy to swell.
7. Day lily braised pork: The main ingredients are day lily and pork belly. It is characterized by bright red color, rich aroma, and crispy but not greasy meat.
8. Honey French fries: The main ingredient is some sweet potato fries. After frying, add honey and stir. It is characterized by crispy and sweet taste.
9. Pickled beans: The main ingredients are homemade pickles and edamame, which are bright in color, refreshing and appetizing.