1, long summer rice
Every day before the long summer, children will ask the first family next door for a bowl of rice, which is called "eating Xia Xia rice". Dig some bamboo shoots, "steal" some broad beans and use some garlic seedlings. Cook rice and ingredients in the open air in summer, put green plums and cherries on the rice and distribute them to families who gave rice a few days ago. The first person holds them in a small bowl. Folk believe that children can prevent heatstroke after eating.
Long summer rice contains condiments such as thunder bamboo shoots, peas, broad beans and amaranth. Eating five-colored rice in long summer also means being healthy all year round.
2, long summer eggs
Customs of Han nationality in Jiangnan. Whenever it is long in summer, people will eat boiled eggs or salted duck eggs, thinking that eating eggs in long summer can keep fit. Long summer eggs are the most classic food on long summer day. The day before long summer, long summer eggs are cooked at home, usually with tea leaves or walnut shells, and the eggshells turn red slowly, making the house delicious. Tea eggs should be eaten hot. When eating, you should pour good Shao wine and sprinkle some fine salt. The wine is fragrant.
There are other ways to play besides eating eggs. Cooked eggs, pick out intact unbroken eggs, weave them into egg covers with colored threads and hang them on the child's chest or curtains. Children also want to lean on long summer eggs (that is, touch eggs), which is the fastest and most exciting thing of the day. Relying on eggs means that the eggshell is strong but not broken.
3, long summer porridge
Long summer porridge is a traditional snack in Leiyang, Hunan Province, which belongs to long summer festival food. This snack is a must for Leiyang's diet. Leiyang people have always attached importance to farming and mulberry activities and are particularly sensitive to the 24 solar terms. Every solar term comes, people always like to celebrate food through some sacrificial forms, intuitively and vividly reminding each other not to forget farming, not to miss farming time, and to share the joy of life from food. For example, in the long summer, which is the season of transplanting rice seedlings, farming is very hard, so every household cooks long summer porridge to express their good wishes for a bumper harvest. Long summer porridge is mainly made of rice, with lean meat, glutinous rice balls, vermicelli, dried bamboo shoots, Chinese toon, pig viscera, red dates, peas, bean sprouts and eggs. After cooking, it is steaming and fragrant. Neighborhood, give gifts to each other, one is to show their skills, the other is to harmonious feelings. Unfortunately, long summer porridge can only be used for dieting in long summer. If Leiyang people can carry forward this delicious food, cook it in every solar term and even become a common food in hotels, it will be very popular.
4. Black rice
Black rice was originally a folk festival food in China, which existed in the Tang Dynasty. In Jiangsu and Anhui, it has become a custom for many people to cook black rice with the leaves of Vaccinium bracteatum.
The eighth day of the fourth lunar month is the traditional Nirvana Festival in China. According to folklore, Mulian, a disciple of Sakyamuni, tried to dye rice with the juice of southern candle leaves, cook it into black rice and send it. Hungry ghosts dare not eat it. Mother is finally full, and people eat black rice every year to commemorate Mulian's dutiful son. According to the new edition of Materia Medica, the leaves of Chimonanthus praecox are the leaves of Vaccinium bracteatum, an Ericaceae plant.
5, foot bone bamboo shoots
In the long summer, people in Ningbo like to eat foot bone bamboo shoots, which are slender wild bamboo shoots and symbols of hope and health.
Ningbo people call it "foot bone bamboo shoot" and Fenghua people call it "mother bamboo shoot", which is a kind of wild mountain bamboo shoot and tastes particularly good.
Legend has it that when you eat it in the long summer, you can grow like bamboo shoots every day. There is an old saying in Ningbo, "Eating bamboo shoots with bones on your feet in long summer keeps your bones healthy for a year".
6, wheat silkworm
Green wheat balls, or green wheat silkworms, are known as cool cakes in Oriental dialect and belong to the traditional snacks of Sha people (now Haimen City and Qidong City in Jiangsu Province). This kind of snack is rare now, and fewer and fewer people cook it. Old times. Farmers generally live in poverty. Every February and March, when the immortals are sad, almost all the food at home is eaten up, so they cut off the green wheat ears in the field and go home, rub the green wheat grains with their hands, blow off the wheat husks, and then fry them in the pan. Wash the wheat husk again (because it can't be washed all at once). After frying in a pan, grind the wheat grains into wheat strips with a stone mill while it is hot. Because it looks like a young silkworm, Sandman calls it a wheat silkworm.
7. Qijiazhou
Long summer in rural Zhejiang must eat "Qijia porridge", also called "Qijia tea". Seven porridge is a big pot of porridge made of rice, beans and brown sugar from neighbors. Let's share it. Seven families in Chaze brought newly baked tea leaves from Baiji, mixed them, boiled them or soaked them in a big pot of tea, and then everyone got together to drink them. When Hangzhou people visit Changxia, they will cook a new meal, prepare fruit cakes and offer tea to relatives and neighbors, which is called "eating seven teas in Changxia".
8. Seven cups of tea
Making new tea in summer is an old custom in Hangzhou _ relatives and neighbors call it seven teas. Tian Ming Rucheng Chao's "Pleasure on the West Lake": "On the day of long summer, every family cooks new tea, and gives it to relatives and neighbors with all kinds of beautiful fruits, which is called seven teas. Rich people compete with each other, fruits are decorated with gold foil carvings, and the names of fragrant soups, such as jasmine, Lin Qin, rose, cinnamon, Ding Tan and Su Xing, all say Brother Ou, just for a sip. "
9. light cake
In Gwangju, Henan (now Huangchuan, Henan), there is also a kind of "baked buns" ("boiled buns") with charcoal barbecue. It is to mix the dough, cut it into pieces, knead it into a circle and flatten it, then brush it with water and stick it on a charcoal stove for barbecue. Some are sweet, some are salty, and some are not sweet or salty. Their appearance, color and size are exactly the same as those of Fuzhou Guangbing, except that there is a hole for threading in the center of the cake.
In the Tang Dynasty, the genealogy of Fuzhou people who moved south from the Central Plains recorded that their ancestors came from Gwangju. It can be inferred that there have been "baked buns" in Fuzhou since the Tang Dynasty, and they are called "light cakes" because they come from Gwangju.
"Light cake" is the traditional name of Fuzhou. In ancient times, Fuzhou scholars often brought "light cakes" to satisfy their hunger. Because it is easy to carry, eat and store, it has become a "three convenient dry food" with good quality and low price.
10, shrimp noodles
Summer begins in early April of the lunar calendar and mid-May of the solar calendar. On this day, in the past, every household in southern Fujian often cooked red distiller's grains into noodles for the whole family to eat. Because the color of red distiller's grains is auspicious, it also has the function of fermentation, which means prosperity and wealth. Red distiller's grains also help digestion and are beneficial to health. This custom evolved to later, and red distiller's grains were replaced by sea shrimp, which was called "eating shrimp (summer and shrimp are homophony) noodles". Shrimp will turn red when cooked, which is the same color as red grain, and it is a wish for summer.
On the long summer day, many married daughters will prepare pork, pork belly, pork loin and egg noodles for their parents to eat, which is called "summer tonic". Show filial piety to parents.
Coastal fishermen pay special attention to the weather on the "long summer" day. If it rains on this day, it will be greatly detrimental to fishermen's fishing operations, resulting in a poor harvest throughout the year. On the other hand, farmers think that the long summer rain is a good sign. As the saying goes, "when the rainfall is bad in summer, farmers are really like emperors", that is, abundant rainfall in summer can ensure a bumper harvest.
1 1, spread
In summer, cauliflower or jujube lard and burnt powder are called "spread", and eating it in long summer can prevent diseases and drive away disasters.
The Song of Shanghai Years Old, which records the customs of Shanghai in the Qing Dynasty, said: "There is a so-called' grass head', and long summer cuts wild vegetables. Grinding rice to cook and frying in grass seeds is very crisp and fragrant, called' stall'. " The "grass head" mentioned in this paper is the modern "grass head", that is, the tender leaves of alfalfa, and the "stubble" is rice flour ground from rice, while "stall" in dialect means spreading soft or mushy food into pieces for frying and baking. Nowadays, Shanghainese make flour or rice flour into a sticky paste, and then fry it in a pot or bake it into a cake, which is called "pancake", while in old Shanghainese, it is called "pancake". Liu Ming Ruoyu said in "On Zhi Eat Well": "Every household uses millet noodles and jujube cakes to fry them; Or spread noodles and fine noodles into pancakes, which is called' fumigation'. " This "spread" refers to spreading evenly into thin sheets. Caotou is still a popular vegetable in Shanghai today, but most of them are fried into "bouquet Caotou" or used as a bedding for meat dishes, such as "Caotou Circle". Shanghainese have long forgotten that our ancestors had the custom of eating "Caotoutan" in summer. However, the ancients thought that delicious food was not necessarily popular with people today.
12, tender broad bean
Long summer marks the departure of spring and the beginning of summer, so this day was also called "all day long in spring" in ancient times, that is, the day when spring ended. Traditionally, when the temperature rises obviously, the summer heat comes, thunderstorms increase and crops enter the peak season, people often regard long summer as an important solar term. As the saying goes, "Spring grows in summer and autumn harvests in winter". On such a special day of long summer, Shaoxing people have the custom of eating beans, eggs and weighing, all of which contain the beautiful expectation of the ancients praying for a safe summer.
13, taste the three delicacies
For many years, Wuxi folks have always had the custom of tasting three kinds of delicious food in summer. Three fresh foods are divided into three fresh foods: ground fresh, tree fresh and water fresh. Three fresh plants refer to towel gourd, shepherd's purse and cowpea; Three fresh trees refer to big cherry, loquat fruit and apricot; Sanxian refers to snails, shad and puffer fish.
14 long summer fruit
Chang Xia Guo, also known as Chang Xia _, is a special food of Chang Xia solar terms in Yiyang, Jiangxi. On the day of long summer, every household will cook a big iron pot for long summer and eat it all day. Changxia _ is "Changxia _" cooked with rice, kneaded into small jiaozi, and cooked with bean sprouts, dried bean curd, shrimp skin and lentils. It is also called Changxia soup. It is said that eating long summer is to send spring to welcome summer. The more varieties, the more colorful and joyful the spring harvest will be.