Chaoshan area, the collective name of Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei, is located on the eastern coast of Guangdong, and is the political, economic, cultural and military center of eastern Guangdong. It enjoys the reputation of "a famous country in the sea", "a county in the southern country" and "a land of delicious food", and the famous contemporary writer Lao She called it "longing for Chaoshan for decades" in his poems.
from 1983 to 1991, Shantou was divided into four prefecture-level cities: Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei. Chaoshan four cities cover 11 districts, 6 counties and 2 county-level cities Puning and Lufeng, with a total resident population of more than 16 million and a total area of 16,189.5 square kilometers.
Chaoshan, formerly known as Chaozhou, is a famous historical and cultural city. It is the political, economic, cultural and military center of eastern Guangdong. It is known as "a famous state in the sea, a county in southern China, a seaside Zou Lu and a cultural window" and is the birthplace and prosperous place of Chaoshan culture. It is a famous tourist attraction, known as the hometown of delicious food and famous tea. Chaozhou cuisine has been officially designated for three times as the only representative of China's food culture to participate in the World Expo.
Historical evolution
Chaoshan area in Guangdong Province has belonged to the same city administrative region since ancient times. The name of Qin and Han Dynasties was Jieyang County, and the name of Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and early Republic of China was Chaozhou House. It was originally called Shantou City in the contemporary era. From 1983 to 1991, Shantou City was divided into four cities: Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei.
The name comes from
The name "Chaozhou" originated from Chaozhou, which was established in the original Yi 'an County in the 11th year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty (591). Taking the meaning of "in the tidal continent, the tides are back and forth" [1], Chaoshan was named Chaozhou in Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and early Republic of China, and it is still called Chaozhou in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas.
The name "Chaoshan" originated from the construction of Chaoshan Railway, the first private railway in modern China, in 194. It was widely known since the Huanggang Uprising in Chaoshan led by Sun Yat-sen in 197, and was widely used after the former Shantou city was divided into three cities: Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang in 1991.
organizational evolution
Chaoshan, which belongs to Chaozhou Prefecture in Guangdong Province since ancient times, is the first city in eastern Guangdong and a national historical and cultural city, and has been recorded in history for more than 2,2 years.
in ancient times
in the paleolithic age, people lived and multiplied in Chaoshan.
in the Neolithic age, the Xiangshan cultural site in Nan 'ao, Chaoshan was about 8, years ago, which was the representative of the early southern marine culture.
Pre-Qin
Xia Shang belonged to Haiyang State (South Ou State); Shang Dynasty belonged to South Vietnam; The Western Zhou Dynasty was the land of Yang Yue; The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period belong to a hundred places. [2]
Qin and Han Dynasties
The Qin and Han Dynasties belong to Jieyang County, Nanhai County, and the ancient Jieyang County is located in the three cities of Chaoshan, Meizhou and Lufeng in Guangdong Province and the five counties of Yunxiao, Dongshan, Zhaoan, Zhangpu and Pinghe in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province.
Jin Dynasty
In the 9th year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (413), Yi 'an County was set up in the ancient Jieyang County, and Yizhao County was set up in the northern part of Haiyang County. Yi 'an County was in charge of five counties of Haiyang, Chaoyang, Haining, Sui 'an and Yizhao, and the county ruled Haiyang County (now Chaozhou). Yi 'an County was the predecessor of Chaozhou (now Chaoshan).
sui and Tang dynasties
in the 11th year of emperor kaihuang (591), Chaozhou was established in the former yi' an county, which belonged to the general administration of Guangzhou. Chaozhou was in charge of six counties of Haiyang, Sui' an, Haining, Chaoyang, Yizhao and Chengxiang, and Haiyang county was ruled by the state. Take the meaning of "in the tidal continent, the tides reciprocate" [1].
Tang inherited the Sui system, still called Chaozhou, which belongs to Lingnan East Road, and Chaozhou is in charge of Haiyang, Chaoyang and Chengxiang counties. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), it was renamed Chaoyang County, and in the first year of Tang Ganyuan (758), it was renamed Chaozhou. In the middle period, he was transferred to Fujian and then transferred to Guangdong. In the second year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 686), the southern part of Quanzhou and Chaozhou were cut and placed in Zhangzhou, Fujian.
Song and Yuan Dynasties
Chaozhou was still called in the Song Dynasty, and it belonged to Guangnan East Road. In the third year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1121), Haiyang County of Chaozhou was restored to Jieyang County. Chaozhou was in charge of Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang and Chengxiang counties, and Chengxiang county was inhabited by Hakkas. Haiyang, Chaoyang and Jieyang counties under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou were collectively called "Chaozhou Sanyang".
in the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty (1279), Chaozhou was changed to the general manager's office of Chaozhou Road, which was subordinate to Guangdong Road, and Chaozhou Road still led four counties and still governed "Chaozhou Sanyang".
Ming and Qing dynasties
In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Chaozhou Road was changed to Chaozhou House, which was subordinate to Guangdong Chief Secretary, and was in charge of four counties, namely Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang and Chengxiang. The county cities were expanded, and Raoping was located in "Three Sunnies in Chaozhou".