In Khan's position, I sent Kublai Khan to explore the land of southern Han and Xu Liewu to explore the western regions. Ali Buge stayed behind, Lin Chong took care of Mongolia and led his own army to cut the Song Dynasty.
The Song-Mongolian War broke out in 1235, which lasted for nearly half a century until the Battle of Yashan in 1279. This is the longest, strongest and most difficult war since the rise of Mongolia. The battle of fishing city in Hezhou, Sichuan from 65438 to 0259 was one of the most influential wars.
134, after the Song and Mongolia jointly destroyed the gold, the Southern Song Dynasty sent troops to recover the lost land in Henan, but was ambushed by the Mongolian army and failed. 1235, the Mongolian army launched an attack on the Southern Song Dynasty on the thousand-mile front from Sichuan and Shaanxi in the west to the lower reaches of the Huaihe River in the east, and the Song-Mongolian war broke out in an all-round way. By 124 1, Mongolian fighters had ravaged a large area of the Southern Song Dynasty, Sichuan was one of the three battlefields, and the Mongolian army was the most seriously damaged.
In this year, Mongolia Wokuotai perished, internal political disputes continued, and the offensive against the Southern Song Dynasty weakened. Therefore, the Southern Song Dynasty gained a breathing space and adjusted and enriched the defenses of various battlefields. 1242, in order to reverse the decline of Sichuan and consolidate the upper class, Song Lizong sent Yu Jie, who had an outstanding record in the war between Huaibei and Mongolia, to take charge of Sichuan. Yu Jie has taken a series of political, economic and military measures in Sichuan, the most important of which is to establish a mountain city defense system. In other words, along the main rivers and traffic arteries in Sichuan, steep mountain passes are chosen to build city walls, which are dotted with each other and support each other to form a complete strategic defense system. Fishing City is the core and the strongest fortress of this mountain city's defense system.
Fishing Town is located on the fishing hill 5 kilometers east of Hechuan County, Sichuan Province. Its mountains are steep, with a relative height of about 300 meters. Jialing River, Qujiang River and Fujiang River meet in the downstream, surrounded by water in the south, north and west. The terrain is very dangerous. There are mountains and water in this area, and the transportation is very convenient. All parts of Sichuan can be reached by water and land. Peng Daya served as the deputy special envoy of Sichuan and ordered Gan Runchu to build a fishing city. 1243, in? Adopt Bozhou sages? The Ranpu brothers suggested that the Ranpu brothers rebuild the fishing city and move it to the national government and the capital of Xingfutou. Fishing city is divided into inner city and outer city, the outer city is built on a cliff, and the wall is made of stone. There are large fields and abundant water sources in the city all the year round, and there are also many cultivated lands around the foothills. All these make the fishing city have the necessary geographical conditions for long-term persistence, as well as the characteristics of relying on natural disasters and being easy to defend and difficult to attack. 154, Wang Jian, commander of Hezhou garrison, further improved the tower. People in the border areas of Sichuan have avoided the chaos of war, and the fishing city has become a solid fortress for soldiers to eat well.
15 1 year, Mongolia succeeded to the throne in great Khan, which stabilized Mongolia's political situation and actively planned the war to destroy the Song Dynasty. Meng Ge is the eldest son of Genghis Khan's youngest son. He followed Bart and other troops to many countries in Europe and Asia, and was famous for his bravery and good fighting. /kloc-in 0/52, Mongo Khan ordered his brother Kublai Khan to lead a division to capture Dali, thus forming a siege and attack on the Southern Song Dynasty.
157, Monggol Khan decided to launch a large-scale war to destroy the Song Dynasty. Brother ordered Kublai Khan to attack Ezhou and Li Zicheng? Attack the Huaihe River and divide the power of the Song Dynasty; Ordered Uriyangqatai to send troops from Yunnan and go north through Guangxi; Mongo led the main force of Mongolia.
On February 2nd, the first year of Song Kaiqing, Mongo led an army across the canal from Evonne Beach and camped in Shishan. On the third day, Mongo personally supervised the army to fight in Yumen. On the 7th, the Mongols captured the city wall. The word wall, also known as the transverse wall, is used to hinder the enemy's actions outside the city. At the same time, the defenders in the city can move to the I-shaped wall through the outer wall to repel the enemy and form an attack point with an angle crossing with the outer wall. There is a wall in the north and south of Fishing Town. On the 9th, Meng Jun occupied the west gate of the town. On this day, Mongolian general Shi led his troops to the fishing city to participate in the war.
In March, the Mongols attacked Dongxinmen, Qishengmen and Zhenximenbao, all of which were defeated. The thunderstorm lasted for 20 days from April 3. After the rain stopped, the Mongolian army attacked the country on July 22. On the evening of 24th, Meng Jun boarded the outer city and fought fiercely with Song Jun who was guarding the city, claiming to have killed many Song soldiers, but the offensive of the Mongolian army was finally defeated by Song Jun. In May, Meng Jun attacked Fishing City many times. Since Han Meng led the army into Shu, the defenders of the Southern Song Dynasty easily abandoned most of the mountain fortresses along the way, but they have not yet encountered a real tough battle. Therefore, after fishing mountain, Mongo wanted to take advantage of the situation and draw his city. Although he stayed in a strong city for a long time, he didn't want to give up the city. Although the siege equipment of Mongolian army is well prepared, the fishing city is too steep to play its role. Under the joint command of Wang Jian and Zhang Jue, the defenders of Fishing City repelled many attacks of Mongolian army. Under the command of Mongo Khan, Dong Qianhu led the Han soldiers in Dengzhou to attack Dengzhou. Dong encouraged soldiers, carrying ladders and flying stones, to climb the rugged terrain and reach their own cities to fight hard with Song Jun. However, his troops were forced to retreat because of heavy casualties. His nephew Dong Shiyuan asked his uncle Dong to attack the city and lead his troops into the city, and fought with him for a long time. Finally, he was forced to quit because his support failed.
The fishing town could not be captured for a long time, so Mongo Khan ordered the generals to discuss the enterprising plan. In The Art of Speed, Enemy at the Gates is considered unfavorable. It is better to leave a small number of troops troubled by it, but join hands with Kublai Khan and other troops to go down the river and destroy the Southern Song Dynasty in one fell swoop.
However, the arrogant generals advocated storming the city, but they thought it was pedantic to do it quickly. The Korean brothers didn't take the advice of a quick battle and decided to continue attacking the city. However, in the face of the powerful fishing city, the Mongolian cavalry, which is famous for its agility and fierceness, can do nothing.
In June, Mongolian warrior Wang Dechen led his troops to attack Mazhai County in the outer city at night, and Wang Jianling refused to participate in the war. Before dawn, it began to rain, and the ladder for the Mongols to attack the city was broken again, so they were forced to retreat. After being besieged by the army for five months, Wang Dechen rode alone to Yumen, trying to surrender to the defenders in the city. He was almost hit by a stone flying from the city, so Wang Dechen fell ill and soon died in the temple in Jinyun Mountain. Hearing the news of my death, I was heartbroken, just like losing my right hand and left hand. Wang Dechen's death was a great blow to the spirit of Khan, and the fishing city could not be captured for a long time, which made Khan furious.
After the Mongolian army attacked Sichuan on a large scale, the Southern Song Dynasty carried out a large-scale rescue operation in Sichuan, but Song Jun, who reinforced the fishing city, was blocked by the Mongolian army and could not reach the gate of the fishing city. Despite this, the fishing city, which has been besieged for several months, is still well supplied and the morale of the defenders is high. On 1 day, the defenders of the Southern Song Dynasty threw two fresh fish weighing 15 kg and more than 100 steamed buns at the Mongolian army outside the city, and wrote to the Mongolian army that even if they stayed for 10 years, the Mongolian army could not attack the fishing city. By contrast, the situation outside Meng Jun is completely different.
Meng Khan's downfall in Fishing Gate had a great influence. First of all, it led to the total collapse of Mongolia's war to destroy the Song Dynasty, which enabled Song Zuo to last for 20 years. The Mongols who attacked Sichuan were forced to retreat and escorted the coffin of Monge Khan to the north. The Eastern Route Army broke through the natural barrier of the Yangtze River, surrounded Kublai Khan in Ezhou, and had to withdraw its troops to the north to compete with his younger brother Ali Buge for the sweat position. From Yunnan to Guangxi, the first army of Uriyangqatai, all the way to Anjie, has entered Tanzhou at the gates. Due to the death of Mongo, the army also crossed the Yangtze River and returned with the support of an army sent by Kublai Khan. The northern and southern armies of Mongolia basically marched according to the scheduled plan, but they fell short because of the failure of the main battlefield in the west.
Secondly, it prevented the third expedition of the Mongolian army to the west and eased the threat of Mongolian forces to Europe, Asia and Africa. /kloc-in 0/52, Mongolian Khan sent his brother Xu Liewu to launch the third Western Expedition, and successively captured Iran, Iraq, Syria and other large areas of Arabian Peninsula. Just as Xu Liewu was preparing to March into Egypt, he learned of Mongo's death, so Xu Liewu left a small number of troops to continue his campaign, while he led the army eastward. As a result, the Mongolian army was defeated by the Egyptian army because it was outnumbered. Mongolian troops never entered Africa. Mongolia's large-scale expansion has since fallen into a trough. Therefore, the influence of the Battle of Fishing City has gone far beyond the scope of China, and it has also occupied an important page in world history.
Thirdly, it provided an opportunity for Kublai Khan to take charge of the Mongolian regime, which had a great impact on the historical development of China. Meng Han is a Mongolian conservative, and his policy is still traditional. This policy with strong Mongolian tribes and western regions is extremely unsuitable for the needs of ruling the vast Han land in the Central Plains. Kublai Khan is one of the few enlightened people in the Mongolian ruling group who admire China culture. After I became Khan, Kublai Khan was appointed as the Southern Han in charge of the desert. He vigorously recruited Han Confucian scholars and vigorously promoted the sinicization policy, and achieved remarkable results. However, this aroused the suspicion of Mongo Khan and his conservative officials. Kublai Khan was demoted and the sinicization policy was forced to cancel. After Kublai Khan ascended the Khan's throne, he continued to carry out the policy of sinicization and gradually changed the indiscriminate killing policy of the Mongolian army, so as not to cause greater damage to the economy and culture of southern China. Brother Han left his last words, and later captured the fishing city and became a citizen of the Holocaust. Later, Fishing Town was reduced to Yuan Dynasty, but Kublai Khan pardoned its soldiers and civilians. It was Kublai Khan's coming to power that transformed the frontier regime of Mongolian Khanate into the feudal dynasty that unified China-Yuan Dynasty, which had a great influence in the history of China.
Fishing Town, as a typical representative of mountain city defense system, fully demonstrated its defense function in the cold weapon era and became a fortress that Mongolian army could not conquer. After the defeat of the Mongolian Khan, the fishing city withstood many attacks by the Mongolian army, and it was not until Li surrendered to Kaesong on 1279 that the fishing city fell into the hands of Mongolia. The China People's Revolutionary Military Museum and the Museum of Ancient War specially made a sand table model of the ancient battlefield of Fishing Town to show its important position in the history of ancient war in China.