After "Fa", we thought we would have to wait another month for another update. Unexpectedly, only one week later, we saw the seventh issue of "Chu Ci".

The program brilliantly interprets Qu Yuan's life in a dramatic way, vividly explaining Qu Yuan's unchanging feelings for his family and country and his unswerving spirit of exploration, which once again moved us.

Qu Yuan seems to be a familiar stranger to us.

I say familiar because we celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival every year, which is said to commemorate Qu Yuan. We have read or heard Qu Yuan's works such as "Li Sao" to some extent; we say unfamiliar because we still don't know much about Qu Yuan.

For example, Qu Yuan claimed in "Li Sao" that "I was named Zhengzexi, and I was named Lingjun". Why did Sima Qian say in "Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng" that "Qu Yuan's name was Ping, and he had the same surname as Chu"?

Who is Qu Yuan's surname?

Qu Yuan died at the Dragon Boat Festival, so in what month and year was he born?

It was mentioned in the program that Qu Yuan served as a Sanlu doctor and a Zuo disciple. What official position did he hold?

Let’s talk about these issues with you.

Focus 01 How much do you know about Qu Yuan’s life?

Regarding Qu Yuan's life and deeds, the most reliable and systematic information is "Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng".

"Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng" begins with: "Qu Yuan's surname was Ping, and he had the same surname as Chu." That is to say, Qu Yuan's surname was Qu, his given name was Ping, and his surname was Yuan. "The same surname as Chu" means that Qu Yuan was also a nobleman of Chu.

He has the same ancestor as King Chu.

However, we also noticed that in the program, King Huai of Chu was named Xiong Huai, whose surname was Xiong, and Qu Principle was surnamed Qu. They did not seem to have the same surname. What was going on?

"Historical Records (Classics handed down from ancient times? Comparative with literary and white texts)" This talks about the surname culture in the pre-Qin period.

In the pre-Qin period, there was a difference between surnames and surnames. Simply put, surnames were the blood relationship symbol of a clan; while surnames were the blood relationship symbols of family branches within the clan.

For example, Qu Yuan and King Huai of Chu both share the surname Mi, which is the "Mi" in "The Biography of Mi Yue"; the Xiong family name comes from the name of Wan Xiong, the ancestor of the Chu royal family in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, and the Qu family name comes from Qu Yuan's ancestor in the early Spring and Autumn Period.

That is, Xia, the son of King Wu of Chu, was granted the title of Qu Di due to his meritorious service.

Therefore, from the perspective of being descendants of the same surname Mi, Qu Yuan is "the same surname of Chu".

"The Biography of Mi Yue" Qu Yuan's family was a prominent family in Chu State. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, Qu's descendants were active in the political arena.

According to "Zuo Zhuan" records, during the Spring and Autumn Period, when Duke Huan of Qi attacked Chu, it was Qu Wan of the Qu family who held an oath of alliance with the princes of the Central Plains in Zhaoling on behalf of Chu.

Before the oath of alliance, Duke Huan of Qi held a grand military parade to show off his power in front of Qu Wan, but Qu Wan said neither humble nor arrogantly: "If you convince people with virtue, who in the world dares to disobey? If you want to use force to coerce, then our Chu State will use force to coerce people."

Fangcheng Mountain is the city, and the Han River is the pond. No matter how many soldiers you have, you can't do anything to us. "Qu Yuan was "skilled in rhetoric" in conducting diplomacy, which can be said to have inherited the legacy of his ancestors.

"Zuo Zhuan (Complete Annotations and Translation Series of Chinese Classics)" Sima Qian said that "Qu Yuan's name was Ping", but the program also said that his father named him "Zhengze" based on Qu Yuan's autobiography in "Li Sao"

"Lingjun".

So, was Qu Yuan named Pingyuan or Lingjun?

What is the relationship between these two sets of names?

Scholars have different views on this issue.

Some people think that "Zhengze" and "Lingjun" are Qu Yuan's nicknames, while others think they are Qu Yuan's pseudonyms.

However, what everyone agrees on is that "regular" and "lingjun" correspond to "ping" and "original".

Wang Yi said in "Chapter of Chu Ci": "Nothing can rule the heavens more than the sky; no god can rule the earth; no god can rule the earth. Gao Ping said Yuan, so my father Boyong named me Ping to law the sky, with the word "I".

The origin is based on the law. It is said that one can secure the ruler above and support the people below." In other words, "Zhengze" and "Lingjun" are actually Qu Yuan's interpretation of the meaning of his name, which embodies a beautiful meaning.

"Supplementary Notes to Chu Ci (Chinese Traditional Chinese Studies Library)" We all know that Qu Yuan died on the Dragon Boat Festival, which is the fifth day of May.

So when is Qu Yuan's birthday?

Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" said: "Photographed by Meng Zouxi, only Geng Yinwu surrendered." It is about his birthday.

"Sheti" is the abbreviation of Shetige. The Sui star chronology divides the heavenly palace into twelve equal parts such as Zi, Chou, Yin and Mao, which are called the twelve palaces. The year when the Sui star points to the Yin palace is called the Yin year.

, also known as Shetige.

"Zou" refers to the month of Zou, which is another name for the first month.

According to the lunar calendar, the first month is Yin month.

The first month is the beginning of the year, so it is called "Meng Zou".

"Gengyin" is the date of Qu Yuan's birth, so Qu Yuan was born on the Yin day of the Yin year.

As for the specific date, different scholars have different calculations. It is generally believed that the conclusion calculated by Mr. Pu Jiangqing is the most precise, which is the fourteenth day of the first month of the first year of King Wei of Chu (339 BC).

The ancient star of the year is Jupiter. In the program, Sa Beining brought citrus fruits from Zigui, Qu Yuan's hometown.

According to the records in "Shui Jing Zhu", the name "Zigui" is related to Qu Yuan.

"Shui Jing·Jiang Shui Zhu" quoted Yuan Shansong as saying: "Qu Yuan had a virtuous sister who came and returned when she heard that Yu Yuan was exiled. This is a metaphor for her order to be lenient. The whole town expected her to follow her, so she was named Zigui." This means that Qu Yuan had a good sister.

My sister heard that Qu Yuan had been exiled back to his hometown, so she also returned to her hometown and persuaded Qu Yuan to be more liberal. Everyone in the township hoped that Qu Yuan would listen to her sister's advice, so this place was named "Zigui".

This is of course a later view.