1. The background of ancient Chinese prose is in urgent need

The history of "Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin"

The king of Qin attached great importance to Wei Liao, bent on unifying the Central Plains and constantly attacking other countries. He broke up the alliance between Yan and Zhao, and made Yan lose several cities. Prince Dan of Yan originally stayed in Qin as a hostage. When he saw that Qin Wang Zheng was determined to annex other countries and took away the land of Yan, he secretly fled back to Yan. He hated the State of Qin and was bent on revenge for the State of Yan. But he didn't practice military forces, and he didn't intend to contact the vassals to fight against Qin, but he pinned the fate of Yan on the assassin. He took out all his possessions and looked for someone who could stab the king of Qin.

Later, Prince Taizi Dan found a very capable warrior named Jing Ke. In 23 BC, Qin destroyed South Korea; Two years later, Wang jiǎn, a general of the State of Qin, occupied Handan, the capital of Zhao, and marched northward, approaching the State of Yan. Yan Taizi Dan was very anxious and went to Jing Ke. Ask him to assassinate the king of Qin. Jing Ke said, "Yes, but if we want to get close to the king of Qin, we must first convince him that we are going to make peace with him. It is said that the King of Qin had long wanted the most fertile land in Yan State (in Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). Fan Yuqi, the general of Qin, is now in exile in Yan, and the king of Qin is offering a reward for him. If I can take General Fan's head and Du Kang's map to the King of Qin, he will certainly meet me. So I can deal with him. "

Jing Ke knew that Prince Taizi Dan could not bear it, so he went to Fan Yuqi in private and said to Fan Yuqi, "I have an idea that can help relieve the Yan state of evil and avenge the general, but I just can't say it." Fan Yuqi quickly said: "What idea, you are quick to say!" Jing Ke said, "I decided to assassinate him, fearing that I would never meet the King of Qin. Now the king of Qin is offering a reward for you. If I can bring your head to him, he will certainly meet me. " Fan Yuqi said, "OK, just take it!" With that, he pulled out his sword and committed suicide.

Taizi Dan prepared a sharp dagger in advance, and asked craftsmen to cook it with poison. Anyone who is stabbed with a drop of blood by this dagger will die immediately. He gave this dagger to Jing Ke as a weapon to assassinate, and sent a 13-year-old warrior, Qin Wuyang, as Jing Ke's deputy.

In 227 BC, Jing Ke set out from Yan State to Xianyang. Prince Taizi Dan and a few guests put on white hats and went to Yishui (now Yixian County, Hebei Province) to bid farewell. When he left, Jing Ke sang a song for everyone: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man will never return." Everyone was so sad that they shed tears after listening to his solemn and stirring singing. Jing Ke took Qin Wuyang and jumped on the bus, leaving without looking back.

Jing Ke arrived in Xianyang. On hearing that Yan sent messengers to send Fan Yuqi's head and Dukang's map, Qin Wang was very happy and ordered to meet Jing Ke in Xianyang Palace. The ceremony of meeting with the audience began. Jing Ke holding a box with Fan Yuqi's head, Qin Wuyang holding a map of Dukang, step by step on the steps of Qin Dynasty. When Qin Wuyang saw the majestic appearance of the state of Qin, he couldn't help shaking with fear. When the guards around the king of Qin saw it, they shouted and said, "Why did the emissary change his face?" When Jing Ke looked back, he saw that Qin Wuyang's face was blue and white. He said to the king of Qin with a smile, "A rude man has never seen the majesty of the king, and he is inevitably a little scared. Please forgive him." After all, Qin Wangzheng was a little skeptical and said to Jing Ke, "Tell Qin Wuyang to give you the map and come up alone." Jing Ke took the map from Qin Wuyang's hand, holding a affairs box and presented it to the king of Qin. Qin Wangzheng opened the affairs box, and it was Fan Yuqi's head. Qin Wangzheng also asked Jing Ke to bring the map. Jing Ke slowly opened a roll of maps, and when all the maps were opened, a dagger that Jing Ke had rolled in the map in advance was exposed. When Qin Wangzheng saw it, he jumped up in shock. Jing Ke hurriedly grabbed the dagger, his left hand took the sleeve of Qin Wangzheng, and his right hand plunged the dagger into Qin Wangzheng's chest. Qin Wangzheng turned back hard and broke the sleeve. He jumped over the screen next to him and was about to run out. Jing Ke caught up with a dagger, and when Qin Wangzheng saw that he couldn't run, he ran around the big copper pillar in the hall. Jing Ke pressed hard. The two men wandered around like merry-go-round. Although there are many officials around, they are unarmed; According to the rules of the state of Qin, the samurai under the steps are not allowed to go to the temple without the order of the king of Qin. Everyone was so anxious that no one called the samurai under the stage. One of the officials, a doctor who served the king of Qin, used his quick wits, picked up the medicine bag in his hand and threw it at Jing Ke. Jing Ke raised his hand, and the medicine bag flew to one side. In the blink of an eye, Qin Wangzheng stepped forward, pulled out his sword and cut off Jing Ke's left leg. Jing Ke could not stand and fell to the ground. He took a dagger and threw it at the king of Qin. Qin Wangzheng only flashed to the right, and the dagger flew past his ear, hitting the copper pillar, and with a bang, it burst into Mars. Jing Ke, the king of Qin, had no weapon in his hand, so he went forward and cut several swords at Jing Ke. Jing Ke was wounded by eight swords. Knowing that he had failed, he said with a wry smile, "I didn't start early. I originally wanted to force you to return the land of Yan." At that time, the attendants' warriors had already rushed to the temple together, which ended Jing Ke's life. The Qin Wuyang under the steps, also have been killed by the warriors. 2. Introduction background of two authors in classical Chinese

Author of "Learning Game":

Mencius (about 372 BC-about 289 BC), named Ke, Zi Ziyu, Huaxia nationality, Zou (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province).

He is a disciple of Kong Ji, the grandson of Confucius. According to legend, he is a descendant of Qing Fu, a noble son of Lu Guoji. His father's name is Ji, and his mother's name is ZH M: ng.

Mencius was a great thinker and educator in the Warring States period, and a representative of the Confucian school. Also known as "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius. The representative works include "I want what I want", "I get more help from the Tao, but I don't get much help from the Tao", "Born in sorrow and died in happiness", "Wang Gu talks about him around" have been compiled into junior high school Chinese textbooks, and "I am to the country" has been compiled into senior high school Chinese textbooks.

Author of

Liezi, Han nationality, whose real name is Lieyukou ("Liezi" is the honorific title of the world), was born in Putian, the state of Zheng in China during the Warring States Period (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province). An outstanding representative of Taoist school, a famous thinker and writer. It has a far-reaching influence on later philosophy, literature, science and technology and religion. Author of Liezi.

The theories of "celestial motion", "earth motion" and "infinite universe" in Liezi are far earlier than the similar theories in the West. During the Tianbao period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty named Liezi as "a real person who was filled with emptiness". 3. The full text of ancient prose and the explanation of key words and cultural background

Sun Shuao, a native of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period (now Huaibin County, Henan Province), was born in poverty. With his own efforts, he was promoted to Ling Yin (the highest official in Chu State who held military and political power).

This article tells a story of Sun Shuao's youth, which embodies the excellent quality of Sun Shuao's kindness and integrity. Note: Today, there is a snake burial place in the southwest of the ancient city of Qisi, Huaibin County, which is also called the snake burial mound, and the historical record is Dun snake mound.

Because it is thought of as an ancient resting place, the Records of Jiajing Gushi lists "Sleeping Wild Snake" as one of the eight scenic spots. Edit the original text of this paragraph: Nine-year compulsory teaching edition: When Sun Shuao killed two-headed snake Sun Shuao as a baby, he traveled and saw two-headed snakes, killed them and buried them.

cry at home. When his mother asked him why, Uncle Ao said to him, "Those who smell snakes at both ends will die. If I see them, I will die for fear of losing my mother."

His mother said, "Is the snake safe now?" He said, "I am afraid that others will see it again, so I will kill it and bury it." His mother said, "I have heard that those who have evil deeds will be blessed by heaven, and you will not die."

and Chang, Chu Lingyin, was not cured, but the people believed in his benevolence. Classical Chinese Enlightenment Reader Edition: Sun Shuao, Yin Ye, the commander of Chu, has made meritorious deeds in governing the country and is praised by Chu people.

when he was young, he tried to travel, saw two snakes, killed them and buried them. Cry at home.

When his mother asked him why, Uncle Ao said to him, "I heard that he who sees a snake at both ends dies. When I see it, I am afraid of going to my mother and dying. "

Mother said, "Is the snake safe now?" He said, "I am afraid that others will see it again, so I will kill it and bury it." Mother said, "If you have a virtue, God will bless it, so don't worry."

When Sun Shuao was a child, he went out to play and saw a two-headed snake, so he killed it and buried it. He came home crying.

Mother asked him why he was crying. Uncle ao replied, "I heard that anyone who sees two snakes will definitely die. I saw it just now and was afraid to leave my mother and die."

Mother said, "Where is the snake now?" Answer: "I am afraid that others will see this snake again and have killed it and buried it." His mother said, "I've heard that God will bless those who have accumulated evil deeds, and you won't die."

When Sun Shuao grew up, he achieved the status of Chu. Before he started to govern the country, Chinese people already believed that he was a benevolent man. Sun Shuao, the version of Classical Chinese Enlightenment Reader, is the national phase of Chu State. He has contributed to the country's good development, and Chu people often praise him.

When Sun Shuao was a child, he used to play outside. When he saw a two-headed snake, he killed it and buried it. He went home crying quietly.

Mother asked him why he was crying. Uncle ao replied, "I heard that anyone who sees two snakes will definitely die. I saw it just now, and I was afraid to leave. My mother died."

Mother said, "Where is the snake now?" Uncle ao replied, "I am afraid that others will see this snake again and have killed it and buried it." Mother said, "If you do things that help others in secret, God will bless you. Don't worry."

edit the notes in this paragraph 1. Taste: Once. 2. For: Yes.

3. Babies: children, children. 4. Two-headed snake: a snake with two heads.

5. Weeping: Tears. 6. reason: reason, reason.

7. Yes: Answer. 8. direction: before, before.

this means "just now". 9, one: pronouns, two-headed snakes.

1. fear: fear. 11. Go: Leave.

12. an: interrogative pronouns, where. 13. An Zai: Where is it? 14. Yin De: Do something beneficial to others in secret.

15. repay. 16. Lingyin: The state of Chu is commensurate with Lingyin.

the highest official in the state of Chu who holds military and political power. 17. Yes: Answer.

18, therefore: reason, reason. 19. No: (wú) No.

2. Governance: Governance. 21. Smell: I heard and heard.

22, and: wait until 23, governance: management, here refers to the cultural knowledge of managing state editors. Every vassal state in the pre-Qin Dynasty (that is, before the Qin Dynasty) had a monarch. In some countries, the chief executives in charge of administration were called "Xiang", such as Qi Xiang, Zhao Xiang and Chu State called "Ling Yin". In the Qin Dynasty, he was called the Prime Minister. Later dynasties had different names, and he was always called the "Prime Minister".

refers to "prime minister" in general. Editing this paragraph inspires and draws lessons from Sun Shuao's mother's view that her son's killing of two-headed snakes is a "hidden virtue". Although we don't think so, Sun Shuao should be praised for doing a great good deed, and it is also true that those who do more good deeds will be rewarded.

there is a proverb in China: good is rewarded with good, and evil with evil. If you don't report it, you will report everything before the time comes. Edit this paragraph of classical Chinese knowledge.

Therefore, it has the following meanings: 1. Old 2. So 3. Deliberately 4. Cause 5. Die. The "reason" in the article "His mother asked him why" refers to the "reason".

and "old friend" means "friend". 4. Background information of the author of classical Chinese poetry in senior high school

Lu You asked for help to edit the encyclopedia business card Lu You Statue Lu You (1125-121), with a word view, and the number was released.

Han nationality, a native of Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Poets in Southern Song Dynasty.

When I was a teenager, I was influenced by patriotic thoughts in my family. When I was a high priest, I tried it with courtesy and was admired by Qin Gui. Filial piety gave birth to a scholar.

he entered Shu in middle age and devoted himself to military life, and his official position was to be preserved. In his later years, he retired to his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged.

He wrote many poems, including more than 9, poems, which are extremely rich in content. Express political ambitions, reflect the sufferings of the people, and have a bold and unconstrained style; Describing daily life is also a fresh work.

The amount of ci-poetry is not as great as that of poetry, but it runs through the patriotic spirit of swallowing up the remnants like poetry. Yang Shen said that the beauty of his ci was similar to that of Qin Guan, and the beauty of his ci was similar to that of Su Shi.

Author of Poems by Jian Nan, Collected Works of Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes on Old Xuean Chinese Name: Lu You Alias: Lu Fangweng Nationality: China Nationality: birthplace of Han Dynasty: Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) Date of birth: November 13, 1125 Date of death: January 26, 121 Occupation: poet, The poet's main achievements: representative works of poetry creation: 1 volume of Songweng Ci, 2 volumes of Weinan Ci, Southern Tang Book, Biographical biographies, life experiences, historical records, chronology of major events, literary achievements, poetry and prose, major works, collections of other works, historical evaluation of poetry and prose, anecdote stories of literary calligraphy, Lu You and food memorial buildings, photo album of Luyou Ancestral Hall Yunmen Caotang, biographical biographies, historical records, chronology of major events, literary achievements, poetry and prose, major works, collections of other works, historical evaluation of poetry and prose. Anecdotal Story of Literature and Calligraphy Lu You and Food Commemorative Architecture Luyou Ancestral Hall Yunmen Caotang Post Bar Photo Album was edited. This paragraph is about Lu You (November 13, 1125-January 26, 121), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The word service concept, the number of Weng Fang, is from Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and is known as "Little Li Bai".

He always insisted on resisting gold, and was constantly rejected and hit by the establishment in his official career. When he entered Shu in middle age, he resisted gold, and his military life enriched his literary content. Lu You's works like [1] revealed great brilliance and became an outstanding poet.

The amount of ci-poetry is not as great as that of poetry, but it runs through the spirit of patriotism just like poetry. In 1158 (twenty-eight years of Shaoxing), he entered Fujian as the main book of Ningde County. According to the record in Official Records, Volume III of Ningde County Records, "Lu You, the concept of word service, that is, Fang Weng also served as a city in Shaoxing for twenty-eight years, with good governance and people's love."

There is a statue of Lu You on Nankuang Mountain in Ningde. There is also a statue of Lu You in Jianhu Village, Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

He was a judge in Longxing, Zhenjiang. In 117 (six years on the main road), he entered Shu and served as a judge in Kuizhou.

in 1172 (eight years on the main road), he entered the shogunate of Wang Yan in Xuanfu, Sichuan, and devoted himself to military life. After the official to the treasure chapter pavilion to be made.

in politics, Lu you advocated resolute resistance to the Japanese war, enriched armaments, and demanded that "the tax should be paid first, and the tax should be paid to the big businessmen", which has always been suppressed by the capitulation clique. In his later years, he retired to his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged.

He wrote many poems in his life. Today, there are more than 9, poems with rich contents. Expressing political ambitions, reflecting people's sufferings, criticizing the humiliation and surrender of the ruling clique at that time, his style was bold and bold, showing a strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national reunification.

Guan