The phrase "what passed for" here means "to be regarded as" or "to be regarded as." It often has a slightly derogatory connotation, suggesting that the thing being described may not be entirely the real or best version.

So, the sentence "The philosopher kings behind what passed for management psychology were Ivan Pavlov and, later on, B. F. Skinner..." can be translated as: "The philosopher kings behind what passed for management psychology were Ivan Pavlov and, later on, B. F. Skinner..." The king of philosophers was Ivan Pavlov, and later B. F. Skinner...".

The translation of the entire sentence could be: "The king of philosophers behind what is considered management psychology was Ivan Pavlov and later B. F. Skinner, who believed that if you found and applied the right stimulus, People will behave the way you want."

Grammar analysis:

1. "The philosopher kings" is the subject and describes some important philosophers or thinkers.

2. "behind what passed for management psychology" is an attributive clause that modifies "philosopher kings" and describes which field or school these philosophers belong to.

3. "were Ivan Pavlov and, later on, B. F. Skinner" is a predicate, indicating who these philosophers are.

4. "who believed that..." is an attributive clause that modifies "B. F. Skinner" and describes Skinner's beliefs or opinions.