Hangzhou is also a water town. You must see the water when you go to Hangzhou, and enjoy the lotus when you come to the West Lake. Water is the source of life and the foundation of human existence. Hangzhou city is built because of water and prospers because of water.
Water is the foundation of Hangzhou's prosperity for thousands of years. The people of Hangzhou have made unremitting efforts to protect and control the water in Hangzhou for many years and paid a huge price.
Water is also the soul of Hangzhou, which has been known as the water town in the south of the Yangtze River since ancient times. Numerous rivers, lakes and springs constitute a complete water system in Hangzhou, which makes Hangzhou full of aura and adds infinite charm to her.
The water in Hangzhou is colorful. Hangzhou has the heroic and bold nature of great rivers and lakes, as well as the idyllic beauty of small bridges and flowing water; It has the tranquility of Jiangnan water town and the delicacy of frost forest and wild water; There is the thrilling shock of rapids and waterfalls, as well as the ancient feelings of Shentan Mountain Spring. There are avalanches and small streams in Qian Jiangchao.
For thousands of years, many romantic figures have formed an indissoluble bond with the water in Hangzhou, leaving many beautiful poems and paintings and precious cultural relics. These rich historical and cultural heritages make Hangzhou people feel the influence of history and culture while being close to the water.
There are rivers, lakes and streams in Hangzhou, as well as six rivers, one river, two lakes and one wetland. One river refers to Qiantang River, and the other river mainly refers to Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and two other lakes: West Lake and Xianghu Lake. The sea refers to a wetland in the East China Sea east of Hangzhou: Xixi Wetland. The North-South Grand Canal and the Southwest-Northeast Qiantang River are the main arteries running through Hangzhou waterway, and thousands of urban rivers criss-crossing are just ropes connecting these lakes, wetlands and streets.
First, the river in Hangzhou.
The rivers in Hangzhou mainly refer to Qiantang River. Qiantang River is the largest river in China and Zhejiang Province. It originated in Huangshan, Anhui, and flows through Anhui and Zhejiang provinces. It was named Zhejiang in ancient times, also known as Zhejiang River or Zhijiang River. It was first named in Shan Hai Jing and is one of the main cradles of Yue culture. The total length of the river is 688 kilometers and the basin area is 55,600 square kilometers. The theoretical reserves of tidal hydraulic resources in estuaries are huge.
Qiantang River twists and turns, and the upstream is a mountain stream. Beam-to-beam alternation; The middle reaches are hills; The downstream estuary is trumpet-shaped, and the estuary gradually widens. The main tributaries are Wuxi River, Wujiang River, Xin 'anjiang River, Fenshui River, Puyang River and Caoejiang River.
Xin 'anjiang River and Lanjiang River are the source of Qiantang River, which flows into the East China Sea between Nanhui District of Shanghai, Ningbo City and Shengsi County of Zhoushan City. The rivers near Hangzhou are called "Zhijiang" or "Luosha River". Qiantang river tide is known as "the first tide in the world".
Qiantang River refers to the Hangzhou section in the lower reaches of Zhejiang Province. It flows under the gate of Hangzhou and flows into Hangzhou Bay. The upstream Changshan Port originates from Lianhuajian, Qixi Town, Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province, flows northeast through the northern part of Zhejiang Province to Ganpu, and then flows into the East China Sea via Hangzhou Bay. The main tributaries are Jinhua River (Wugang), Xin 'anjiang, Tongxi and Puyang River.
The main stream is called Changshan Port from Qujiang District, Qujiang (Xin 'anjiang) from Qujiang District to Lanxi, Lanjiang from Lanxi to Meicheng in Jiande County, Tongjiang from Meicheng to Tonglu, Fuchun River from Tonglu to Wenjiayan in Xiaoshan District, and Qiantang River below Wenjiayan.
In the past, Cao 'e River was also a tributary of Qiantang River. The back coast collapsed and the estuary sank, leaving only Qiantang River to flow into the sea alone. The mouth of Qiantang River is trumpet-shaped. There is a sandbar uplift at the bottom of the river near Haining City, and the tide is flowing backwards. Due to the contraction of the terrain, the tidal head stands on the wall, forming a magnificent "Qiantang tidal bore", attracting a large number of tourists, with the maximum tidal range of 8.93 meters.
There is a famous Qiantang River Bridge near Pagoda of Six Harmonies, West Lake District, Hangzhou, downstream of Qiantang River. It was designed and built by Mao Yisheng, a famous bridge expert in China. Construction started in April, 1935, and was completed on September 26th, 1937. It is the first double-deck railway and highway bridge designed and built by traffic lines, running through the north and south of Qiantang River, and it is the traffic artery connecting Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo and zhejiang-jiangxi railway. Qiantang River Bridge is not only a great achievement in the history of Chinese bridges, but also a brilliant milestone in the history of China railway bridges. Together with Pagoda of Six Harmonies, it constitutes one of the landmark scenic spots in Hangzhou.
Watching the tide on the Qiantang River in the southwest and northeast of Hangzhou is a famous activity. During the flood season every year, the sound of tides and waves on the Qiantang River is a place that many tourists want to experience for themselves. Although the surging tide is also potentially dangerous, it still attracts many Chinese and foreign tourists who do good deeds, which is quite beautiful and spectacular.
Second, the river in Hangzhou.
In addition to the north-south Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, there are Tang Yuhang River, Shangtang River, Zhonghe River, Shengli River and Tiesha River in Hangzhou, commonly known as the Six Rivers. In fact, within the jurisdiction of Hangzhou, there are tens of thousands of rivers, large and small, criss-crossing, forming a spider web connecting rivers, lakes and streams, which has become the link between these main waterways. Shangtang River, Shengli River and Tang Yuhang River are the golden water tourist routes in Hangzhou.
1. The Grand Canal. The main part of the ancient canal in Hangzhou, specifically from the Sanbao Shiplock (entrance to Qiantang River) to Wulinmen and then to Shi Xiang Road (entrance to the city). In the urban section of the ancient canal, there are countless scenic spots along the coast, which are very spectacular. They are summarized as "one museum, two venues, three parks, two belts, six ports and fifteen bridges".
The Grand Canal is a realistic testimony of China's history of more than 2,000 years, which fully meets the basic conditions for applying for world heritage. There are rich and colorful tea culture, food culture, silk culture, local opera and folk art along the Hangzhou section of the Canal. There are also classical gardens, book kiosks and bridge towers along the canal, forming a famous cultural landscape such as "Eight Scenes of Lake Villa". These are not only the rich connotations of the canal culture, but also the valuable resources for the application of the canal heritage.
The Grand Canal is the pride and symbol of Hangzhou. With the help of this brand, Hangzhou will add a world-class tourism product, which will make the Hangzhou Grand Canal like the Seine River in Paris, the Thames River in London, the Huangpu River in Shanghai and the Qinhuai River in Nanjing, and let people know and feel the city by tasting the canal.
2. Tang Yuhang River. Yuhang Tanghe River was called "Wugu River" in ancient times, and it flowed from the canal to Yuhang, hence its name. It starts from Yuhang Town, Yuhang County in the west and enters the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in Maiyu Bridge in the east. It is an extension of the ancient canal, usually called the "canal tail" (completed in 6 18 AD), and flows through Cang Qian, Changqiao, Daughter Bridge and Baoan Bridge to reach Guanyin Bridge in Hangzhou. It is an important branch of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and one of the most important freight passages in the canal shipping system, with a total length of 20 kilometers. Among them, the 12.4 km from Wuchang Port to Yuhang Town is Yuhang jurisdiction, and it is currently a flight section where cargo ships are prohibited. Many cargo ships will load and unload goods at Tanghe River in Yuhang. On both sides of Yuhangtang River, there are also many small barge docks and warehouses for loading and unloading bricks, flour and grain, forming a unique historical and cultural landscape of houses, boats and canal people.
3. Shangtang River. Shangtang River flows into Qiantang River from Genshanmen in Hangzhou to Yan Guan Town in Haining City, with a total length of 48 kilometers. From Ding Qiao Town in Jianggan District to Xingqiao in Linping District, it runs through Linping Town and enters Haining City. In Linping District, the flow is11.4km.. Shangtang River was originally a Guling waterway excavated by Qin Shihuang, and then it was the drainage channel of West Lake. The hydration of West Lake and Hecheng River flows through Shangtang River to irrigate farmland along the river. Shangtang River has always been the main road of north-south traffic. Before Zhang Shicheng opened a new river in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, Shangtang River was the only channel connecting the Grand Canal into Hangzhou. Ships coming from south to north are like crucian carp crossing the river, and Linping has naturally become a lively and prosperous town and commercial port in the north of Hangzhou. Ancient farmhouses are distributed from Gaoting to ban shan cun along Shangtang River, with white walls and black tiles.
4. In the river. The river flowing through the city center, from Wulin Watergate to Fengshan Watergate, used to be the main artery of the city, but now it has become a long pool for receiving rainwater and sewage. Between man-made embankments eight to ten meters wide, the water in the middle reaches of the river is calm and steady. So far, there are more than 40 bridges on this river, including stone arch bridges and highway bridges. In some places, the distance between bridges is only 100 meters. There are the old Nanxing Bridge, Liubu Bridge, Hui Hui New Bridge and Chaiduo Bridge built in the Song Dynasty, Huaxian Bridge and Haiyue Bridge built in the Ming Dynasty, the new Henghe Bridge built in the Qing Dynasty, the Fuxing Bridge that appeared in the Republic of China, and some new reinforced concrete bridges built after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). This ancient arch bridge built in the Song and Ming Dynasties has long collapsed, leaving only the name of the bridge. At present, there are six ancient bridges on the Zhonghe River that have been recognized as possessing cultural relics by the Municipal Cultural Protection Office. Cultural protection experts have identified arch coupons and side walls, which constitute the main structure of the bridge. Most of these six documented ancient bridges are the remains of the Qing Dynasty. Shuicheng Liang Shi Bridge, Huaxian Arch Bridge, Haiyue Arch Bridge, Pan Yang Arch Bridge, Laonanxing Arch Bridge, Liubu Arch Bridge, these bridges have witnessed the customs of thousands of years and the clutch of the world.
5. Shengli River
Shengli River is famous for its food street. The three covered bridges on the river and the circular buildings along the river are the crowning touch.
The actual location of the food street is Shui Gu Street, which is 550m long and13m wide, connecting Shangtang Road on one side and Xiawan Road on the other, and extending to Desheng Lane in Maiyuqiao area. The circular building at the intersection of Shengli River, Canal and Hongjian River has a unique design, which can be called a highlight along the Shengli River. There are many other scenic spots, and you can experience the characteristics of this Linjiang commercial street yourself.
6. Tiesha River
Tiesha River, as an ancient river and moat in Hangzhou the year before last, was dug in 86 1 year, mainly used to release the tide of Qiantang River and protect Hang Cheng. In ancient times, due to the accumulation of sediment on the river beach, it was once called Shahe together with several adjacent rivers, commonly known as "Tiesha River". Tiesha River is now located in the urban area. The current river course starts from Houchaomen Banqiao in the south and ends at Genshanmen in the north, with a total length of 6,257 meters. At present, Tiesha River is clear and neatly cut, and its banks present beautiful scenery of green land, self-operated red fruits, flower beds, vines and stone carvings, which is another good place for Hangzhou citizens to have fun.
There are more than 12000 rivers in Hangzhou, which are dotted and criss-crossed and connect the streets and lanes of Hangzhou like cobwebs. There are countless landscapes along the river, and it is also a gathering place of commercial, cultural and artistic centers. If you have time to stay in Hangzhou, you can travel slowly in this city and taste the elegance and tranquility of the river full of crooked green plants. This is an unforgettable life segment.
The only rivers we went to this time were Xin 'anjiang and Fuchunjiang, which were not in Hangzhou at all. We took an hour and a half by car from Hangzhou to Qiandao Lake Scenic Area and visited the beautiful scenery of Xin 'anjiang. Surrounded by mountains, clear water and blue sky, fresh air and silence between heaven and earth. We can hear the echoes of lonely birds in the mountains in the distance. We were on a sightseeing boat, surrounded by mountains, but the drunkard got drunk without wine. Nature's uncanny workmanship intoxicated us.
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