Introduction: Zhangjiajie was originally named Dayong and was the seat of the ancient Yong Kingdom.

As early as the late primitive society, ancestors had begun to live and thrive on both sides of the Lishui River.

In the era of Yao and Shun, "Shun took pleasure trips to the Chongshan Mountains to transform the Southern Barbarians." Therefore, the term "Southern Barbarians" came into being in Chinese history.

In 221 BC, Emperor Qin Shihuang established counties and counties. The Zhangjiajie area belonged to Cigu County, Qianzhong County, and the county seat was Guantaping, Cili County (now Taiping Village, Jiangjiaping Township).

In the sixth year of Yong'an reign of Emperor Wu Jing of the Three Kingdoms (AD 264), Songliang County was named Tianmen Mountain, and Tianmen County was established. By the Liangpu, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it belonged to Tianmen County, Zhongzhong and Linli County.

Dayong County was established in the Ming Dynasty in 1369, and Yongding County was established in the 13th year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1735 AD).

From the liberation in 1949 to 1988, Cili County belonged to the Changde Prefecture. By the end of 1988, Dayong and Sangzhi were under the jurisdiction of the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hunan.

In May 1988, with the approval of the State Council, Dayong City, a provincial-level prefecture-level city, was established.

In April 1994, the prefecture-level Dayong City was renamed Zhangjiajie City.

Zhangjiajie City is named after Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, which is famous at home and abroad.

Zhangjiajie City is located in the northwest of Hunan Province, at the junction of the uplift of the Qugui Plateau and the subsidence area of ??Dongting Lake, between 109°40' and 111°20' east longitude, and between 28°52' and 29°48' north latitude.

Shimen and Taoyuan County are adjacent to Yuanling County in the south and Hefeng and Xuanen County in Hubei Province in the north.

The city boundary is 167 kilometers long from east to west and 96 kilometers wide from north to south.

The city's total area is 9,653 square kilometers, accounting for 4.5% of the province's area.

Landform The landform structure of Zhangjiajie City is complex, mainly including mountains, karsts, hills, hills and plains. The mountainous area accounts for 76% of the total area. The most distinctive one is the quartz sandstone peak forest landform, which is rare in the world.

The terrain of the city is high in the northwest and slopes toward the southeast along the Lishui River.

The Wuling Mountains branch from Yunwu Mountain in Guizhou, and after entering Zhangjiajie City, they are divided into three mountain ranges that run through the entire city.

Zhangjiajie City has overlapping mountains and a highly undulating surface. The highest point is 1890.4 meters above sea level and the lowest point is 75 meters above sea level.

The terrain of the city is mainly mountainous. The terrain is high in the northwest and slopes along the Lishui River. The central part is slowly lower in the northeast direction along both sides of the Lishui River. The southern mountainous area descends gradually toward the Yuan River.

The Wuling Mountains branch from Yunwu Mountain in Guizhou into Zhangjiajie City, and are further divided into three branches.

The north branch comes from Fenglong Mountain in Hubei Province and enters Lishan, Guiying Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Sangzhi County under the jurisdiction of the city; the middle branch along the north of Lishui includes Tianxing Mountain, Hongxi Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Qingyan Mountain and Maohuajie.

The south branch runs between Lishui and Yuan rivers, with Qixing Mountain, Chongshan Mountain and Tianmen Mountain, and extends into Dalong Mountain and Tianhe Mountain in Cili County.

All three branches disappeared eastward to the Dongting Lake alluvial plain.

Zhangjiajie is world-famous for its unique tourism resources.

The Wulingyuan Scenic Area, which consists of China's first national forest park Zhangjiajie and two nature reserves of Tianzi Mountain and Suoxiyu, covers an area of ??369 square kilometers. The area is dominated by the world's rare quartz sandstone peak forest canyon landform, which integrates Guilin.

The beauty of Mount Huangshan, the danger of Mount Huashan, and the majesty of Mount Tai are integrated into one body. It has Tibet, bridges, caves, lakes, and waterfalls all in one. It has the reputation of "expanded bonsai, reduced fairy mountain".

Zhangjiajie is a treasure house of biological resources. There are 850 species of woody plants in 320 genera and 106 families in the area, and 146 species of vertebrates.

Among them, there are 56 species of nationally protected plants and 40 species of nationally protected animals.

Rare tree species include ginkgo, Davidia involucrata, yew, cherry blossoms, etc.; precious medicinal materials include Ganoderma lucidum, Gastrodia elata, Polygonum multiflorum, Eucommia ulmoides, etc.; rare animals include salamander, unicorn, Sumatran antelope, South China tiger, clouded leopard, macaque, civet, etc.

Zhangjiajie is located in the northern and middle latitudes and has a humid mid-subtropical mountain prototype monsoon climate with sufficient light and heat, abundant rainfall, a long frost-free period, a short severe cold period, and four distinct seasons. The average sunshine, temperature and precipitation over the years are 1440 hours, 16 degrees and 16 degrees respectively.

It is about 1400 mm, and the average frost-free period over the years is between 216 and 269 days.

Such a climate is conducive to the all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, and fishery.

However, due to the influence of topography, landforms and other factors, the climate within the territory is complex and changeable, and natural disasters such as droughts, floods, winds and hail are also relatively frequent.

Tujia New Year The Tujia people celebrate three new years every year. The 29th (or 28th) of the twelfth lunar month celebrates the "rushing year", the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month celebrates the "June year", and the first day of October celebrates the "October year".

On the night of "Celebrating the New Year", a bonfire is lit in the village, and the Tujia people dance and sing New Year songs around the bonfire.

The "June Year" is an important migration in the history of the Tujia people. The day when the migration was completed was the 25th day of the sixth lunar month. On this day, the Tujia people slaughtered cattle to offer sacrifices to the gods, which gradually formed the custom of the "June Year".

The "October Year" is held by the Tujia people to welcome the first harvest season in their new home after their migration. On the first day of October, the Tujia people organize celebrations to pay New Year greetings to each other and celebrate the "October Year".

The Torch Festival held by the Bai people in Zhangjiajie City is related to eliminating pests and protecting crops.

Every year on the night of the 25th day of the sixth lunar month, every household lights a torch. After all the torches in the village are gathered together, people step back and forth from the fire to pray to the God of Fire to ward off evil and avoid disasters.

In addition, there are also special festivals in Zhangjiajie area: the second day of February, the birthday of the God of Land, and the Land Fair.

February 15th is the flower dynasty, and young girls get their ears pierced; more men and women get married at this time.