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On Li Zhao's Xiao Wu, the Pavilion Director
Text | Li Zhao

I haven't read novels for a while, especially contemporary novels. I don't read it, not because I have lost interest in novels, nor because the works of contemporary novelists are not good, but because reality is more exciting than novels. From a literary point of view, this seems to be a paradox, that is, the reality is so wonderful that if writers record it truthfully, won't there be wonderful novels? But this is a naturalist's argument, and the face of realism is: you can't control the occurrence of wonderful reality, but you can control the recording and dissemination of wonderful reality. In this way, reality finally overwhelmed the novel.

From the perspective of reading stories, living in this period is also a kind of luck, because you can see more exciting real stories than novels, and even the audience lives in humorous or thrilling stories. Moreover, these stories are often flickering, which increases their allure. Unfortunately, these realistic stories, which have gathered China's wisdom for 3,000 years and even the great achievements of world strategy, have happened and died out, and future generations have no way to watch them. Perhaps, in the future, future generations will have more wonderful stories beyond this period to see. If so, should people bless them or mourn for them?

Nevertheless, some time ago, I bought four works of Mr. Shi Jiepeng, including his first novel, The Tiny Dance, because my personal idea was a little unfair. What makes me laugh and cry is that the "Xiaowu" I got is actually a "clone version". Asked the seller, he replied, "Reprinting is forbidden." Seeing the black mass of "Xiao Wu", I think it is also a helpless and interesting story in the reading world.

Just because it is "interesting", it also aroused the interest in reading it. Speaking of it, I am a man over half a hundred years old, but this "curious" interest has not been completely consumed by years. So I think some qualities that belong to human nature are hard to suppress. Mill once said that as long as an opinion is true, although it can be suppressed again and again, in the long years, someone will always find it out until it can withstand the force of trying to suppress it again. The motivation of this "discovery" is probably hidden in the curiosity of human nature. As long as there are people in the world, the trend of human civilization, even if there is a temporary countercurrent, will eventually be difficult to keep the trend of progress.

Frankly speaking, compared with Hukou Ben and Assassination of Sun Ce, I don't think Ting Chang Xiao Dance is Mr. Shi Jiepeng's best novel. The framework of the story is naturally grand, but it is precisely because of its grandeur that it is easy to be omitted. For example, Liu Xu, the king of Guangling, sent Zhu Shian and others to rob the Lingwu armory, and the long-planned attack plan was suddenly replaced by "talented people and beautiful women". Judging from the later battle of Chang 'an, it seems that when the Prime Minister Gong Sunhe and his family were completely annihilated, with the shrewdness of Hanwang Liu Che, it seems that they should not abandon the case and flee. Therefore, judging from the narrative line of the novel, it can be regarded as a beginning without an end.

However, as the author said, many people think "Ting Chang Xiao Dance" is a good work. This can also be used as circumstantial evidence that it was cloned from the book market. To put it mildly, some readers may think the story is very lively, but I think Long Little Dance is good because it is very real. Commenting on Taiwan Province writer Levin's historical novels, Mr. Yu Ge said that his novels can be read as history books because all his stories have their origins. Although Xiaowu is a fictional character of Mr. Shi Jiepeng, the background of Xiaowu's story is true, and the ups and downs of Xiaowu's promotion have paved a lot of historical facts. For example, officials related to Xiao Wu's story are all real historical figures, and Xiao Wu and the people he attached to when adjudicating cases are also recorded in history.

The author is also very confident about the authenticity of the work. He wrote in the postscript "The struggle of civilians-why should I write": The story I told is not recorded in history, but it is completely a "possible" history. ..... "Ting Chang Xiao Dance" can be regarded as a book written by Han Yi to ordinary people, which is different from Han Shu. "In this respect, I don't think this is the" Haikou "advertised by the author, because Mr. Shi Jiepeng is an accomplished scholar in ancient literature and ancient Chinese exegetics. It is known as a true scholar.

It is precisely because of the truth of the "quite long little dance" that readers feel the historical atmosphere revealed by the novel. The story of filial piety mainly happened in about Taishi four years (93 BC) to Zhenghe two years (9 1 year BC), which is recorded in Hanshu: "In the autumn and July of Zhenghe two years, the prince and the queen fought for each other, and he sent troops to fight with Prime Minister Liu Quli in Chang 'an, killing tens of thousands of people. Geng Yin, the prince died and the queen committed suicide. In August Xinhai, the prince threw himself into the lake. "65-year-old Liu Che has been in power for two years, he has been in power for 49 years, and his body gradually shows signs of aging. The biggest chronic disease of imperial power system broke out at this time.

This chronic disease is that every time the power changes, the political arena is prone to turmoil. The more the king is in power, the more likely it is to trigger political shocks. First of all, the king of our country has a strong sense of self, and the whole country is in the process of being manipulated, so his fascination with power is getting heavier and heavier, including Liu Che in the Han Dynasty, the literati in the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Zhang in the Ming Dynasty and Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. If you are obsessed with power, you will be afraid of losing it. But the power of natural laws is too great after all, even the giant Wei Fu can't resist it. I can imagine my anxiety and despair at the thought that my life is about to die and the power that brings me infinite happiness will change hands. Secondly, because of this, the king who is still in power is very suspicious, and he is afraid of it. He thinks that all princes and grandchildren want them to die quickly in order to inherit the throne. This distorted mentality made Lao Wang guard against the prince and grandson, and even killed his heart many times. Third, the king's mentality made Wang Chen involuntarily invest in political gambling, and the powerful wanted to get rid of the prince and replace him with his own master; Those with little power, or vassals of the emperor, or factions, make plans for themselves behind the king's back.

The time when Shen Wu, the director of the pavilion, was alive was such a period. There are four undercurrents in Chang 'an City, one is the faction of protecting the Prince headed by Prime Minister GongSunHe, the other is the faction of anti-Prince headed by the messenger Jiang Chong. In the name of witchcraft, they intend to destroy the Prince and replace him with their favorite Changyi King, and the other is the faction of anti-Jiang Chong dominated by Yan Yannian and others. On the other hand, Liu Che is sui generis, thinking that he will never die and will always be king. If you can't live forever, you want to abolish Liu Yuxin and re-establish your youngest son, Liu Fuling, as a prince (final result). It's just that he didn't say anything, only let the civil and military officials of the Qing Dynasty guess left and right and fight with each other, so that they could get the benefits of fishermen-the prince, the prince and important officials had no intention of calculating him to protect his life.

Xiaowu, a civilian genius, was promoted from an incompetent curator to a fine one with his knowledge of law and classics, and his salary reached 2000 yuan in seven years. However, in the end, due to factional struggle, Xiaowu could not sew everywhere and was eventually involved. He committed suicide by jumping off a cliff at the age of 22. It is a historical curse of "rising high and falling heavy".

The description of this historical fact in "Ting Chang Xiao Wu" is really thrilling to read and feels the bloody battle between the courts. This is a bloody thing, no exaggeration. Expose the case that the younger brother of Prime Minister Gong Sunhe cursed Liu Che and killed tens of thousands of people; Jiang Chong investigated the witchcraft case in Weiyang Palace and killed more than 20,000 people, including maids. Tens of thousands of people died in the murder of Jiang Chong by the King of Wu. This wonderful bloody writing is so old that later generations only saw the majesty of Hanwu, but ignored the hardships of bloody.

On the grand side, the pavilion director Xiao Wu is very thought-provoking. As far as details are concerned, there are many places worth pondering. Shen Wu was promoted and returned to Guangling. He talked with Gaigong about the struggle in Chang 'an in Guangling's house, and Gaigong suggested that Xiaowu "had better wait and see". And "Xiaowu thinks that this Jiang Chong wants to get rid of the prince, which is not only irrelevant to me, but also quite helpful." "The in the mind have a terrible idea, why don't I just report the rebellion of the king of Changyi and let them all die. Then I'll take the Guangling King ... I'm sure I'll be able to pay homage to Hou in the future. But when Gaigong saw Xiao Wu sweating on his forehead and asked him if he was unwell, Xiao Wu's answer was another set of official words: "No, I just think that Jiang Chong is so arrogant, the world may be violently disturbed, and the people will be displaced first." ... I am a handsome man, and I am not lost to the Huns. Is it necessary to be destroyed by civil strife? "

Look at Jiang Chong and Prime Minister Liu Quli privately contemplating how to frame Liu Yuxin in the name of witchcraft. Jiang Chong thought to himself, "That damn Liu Zhi, I'm going to burn every pampered skin on his body with a soldering iron. I want to pour feces into its mouth. It was born noble and tasted all the delicious food in the world. Well, I pulled my own feces. " But when he led the North Military Vehicle to the Weiyang Palace, he said to the officials guarding the palace, "Our government only wants to share the worries for the emperor all day. How can we have time and mood to play?"

Xiaowu wants to get rid of his enemy Zhao by Jiang Chong's hand. Jiang Chong said to Xiao Wu, Don't you know each other? Xiaowu's reply is also a set of ostentatious facade words: "Although Zhaojun is an old soldier, he is a worldly man, regardless of personal feelings." A "Tingchang Xiaowu" is full of power and benefit. However, whether for power or benefit, what you get on the bright side is solemn words: share the worries for the emperor and protect the peace of the great people. This can be applied to a famous saying of Roman Roland: Everything is for the emperor, everything is for the world, and how many sins have been committed in your name!

As can be seen from the book, Han was a dynasty with very strict laws and powerful spells. However, a detail in the book makes people see the "selfish plan" in rigor. Xiaowu made an exception and became the chief of his hometown of Zhang Yu. After taking office, he killed more than 500 people. But his teacher Li Shun "tried to persuade him not to go to war like this". Xiaowu asked, "Didn't Mr. Wang teach me that day?" However, Li Shun said, "Nevertheless, I don't think it is suitable for this country. If you think about it carefully, it is an honor to be an official of the Han family, but it is also extremely dangerous. A thousand years later, the Ming government was dismissed by the emperor and sent back to the old county. Why did it survive in the village? The rogue will push the blade to the Ming government to avenge his father and brother. Many famous officials in the Han Dynasty managed his county fiercely, but they were very accommodating when they returned to the village. This is all for the back road! The imperial court has always refused to let people from this county work in this county. I'm afraid there are similar reasons. I hope you think twice. "

A novel written more than two thousand years ago. But when I think about it carefully, the story more than two thousand years ago is too much like last night's dream. As one writer said, there is only a thin piece of paper between history and reality.

2065438+April 8 1 1