Question 1: I want to find out what features a famous building has. 2 points should be in several aspects:

1. Building height

2. Architectural features: such as environmental protection building, energy-saving building ...

3. Old year

4. Special structure

5. Designed by famous designers.

Ancient famous buildings:

Forbidden City complex

Tiantan complex

Wutai Mountain Bukkoji Hall

Yingxian Wooden Pagoda

Jinci Notre Dame Hall

Modern famous buildings:

Great Hall of the People

Museum of Chinese Revolutionary History

National Grand Theatre

Bird's Nest Stadium

Water Cube Swimming Pool

CCTV. Ancient buildings in China? Modern architecture? Contemporary architecture? Made by domestic architects? Or did an international architect do it? Too general a question. . . . . . Can't answer

Question 4: What buildings in China are famous? 1 Fujian Tulou

Hakka Tulou, also known as Fujian Yuanlou, is a pearl of Chinese civilization, a unique mythical mountain village residential building in the world, and a wonderful flower of ancient architecture in China. It is independent of the world's residential architecture art forest with its long history, unique style, large scale and exquisite structure. The characteristics of Tulou folk houses living in groups with caste and its construction characteristics are closely related to the history of Hakka people. Everywhere the Hakkas go, their family names always live together. In addition, most of the Hakkas lived in remote mountainous areas or in dense mountains. At that time, not only were building materials scarce, wolves, tigers and leopards were noisy, but also they were afraid of local people's harassment, so Hakkas created "defensive" castle-style building houses. In this way, the unique architectural form of Hakka dwellings-tulou was formed. Tulou is mainly distributed in Longyan, Zhangzhou and other areas in Fujian Province.

Fujian tulou came into being in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. After the development in the early and middle Ming Dynasty, it gradually matured in the late Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and it has continued to this day. Fujian tulou is a unique large-scale rammed earth residential building in mountainous areas in the world, and it is a creative masterpiece of adobe architecture. Fujian earth buildings are located on the mountain, and their layout is reasonable. They have absorbed the concept of "Feng Shui" in China's traditional architectural planning (see Dong Bin's "Modern Feng Shui Jing Jian"), adapted to the requirements of living and defense of living together, and skillfully used the narrow flat land in the mountains

2 Kaiping Diaolou

In the fields of Kaiping City, Guangdong Province, small buildings with European classical style and traditional earth houses in rural areas in southern China. Forming a unique rural scenery in China. The diaolou combines Chinese and western styles, which combines the essence of various architectural styles. At the peak of Kaiping, there were more than 3, watchtowers, and at present there are more than 1,8 watchtowers distributed in 15 towns and offices in Kaiping. These towers are the crystallization of the initiative of overseas Chinese and villagers in Kaiping in the last century to combine foreign architectural culture with local architectural culture. With its large number, exquisite architecture and diverse styles, it can be called the largest "Diaolou Museum" in the world.

Types and artistic features of carved buildings

On the building materials, there are early mud wall buildings (rammed layer by layer by mixing lime sand, sugar, salt, clamshell and oyster shells), middle-term blue brick buildings (thickened with ordinary blue bricks) and finally reinforced concrete buildings (built with reinforced concrete according to modern building materials). In terms of types, it can be divided into three categories: first, the watchman's building or the lantern building, which is generally built at the head or end of the village, and some are built on hills for the use of vigilante groups and watchman, with searchlights and alarms inside. Once thieves are found, they will immediately call the police and let the villagers prepare. The second is the multi-storey building, which is jointly built by more than ten households or several households. This kind of tower has 3 ~ 6 floors, and each floor has 2 ~ 4 rooms.

3 Wang Family Courtyard

The Wang Family Courtyard is located in Jingsheng, a famous historical and cultural town 12 kilometers east of Lingshi County, Shanxi Province. It is 35 kilometers away from Pingyao Ancient City, a world cultural heritage, and 4 kilometers away from Mianshan Scenic Area in Jiexiu. There are 231 courtyards and 2,78 houses, covering an area of 8, square meters.

Wang's ancestral hall is divided into upper and lower houses, with complete functions and exquisite design, and there is a finely carved "Xiaoyi Square" in front of it. Gaojiaya, Hongmenbao and Chongningbao are three groups of buildings connected shoulder to shoulder, all of which are fully enclosed castle-like buildings on the loess high slope. Appearance, follow the trend, form and spirit stand together; Among them, the cave houses are tiled, cleverly connected. Broad, profound and spectacular, and natural workers make good use of it. In the seemingly monotonous and ever-changing, while maintaining the traditional folk houses in the north, they also show their outstanding personality. The general characteristics are: depending on the mountain, changing with the shape, overlapping buildings, strewn at random, magnificent momentum and complete functions. It basically inherits the courtyard style of front hall and back bedroom formed in the Western Zhou Dynasty in China, plus ingenious brick carving, wood carving and stone carving, which is elegant in decoration, rich in connotation, practical and beautiful, and has a high cultural taste.

4 Qiao Family Courtyard

Qiao Family Courtyard is located in Qiaojiabao Village, Qixian County, Shanxi Province, 54 kilometers north of Taiyuan and only 2 kilometers south of Dongguan Town. Also known as nave, it was the residence of Qiao Zhiyong, a famous commercial and financial capitalist in China in the Qing Dynasty. It was built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and it was rebuilt twice and expanded once. After several generations' continuous efforts, a magnificent architectural group was built in the early years of the Republic of China, which embodies the unique style of China's northern dwellings in the Qing Dynasty.

The compound is a fully enclosed castle-like building complex, covering an area of 1,642 square meters (about 16 acres) and a building area of 4,175 square meters. It is divided into 6 compounds, 2 small courtyards and 313 houses. The courtyard faces the street on three sides and is not connected with the surrounding houses. The periphery is a closed brick wall, which is more than 1 meters high. The upper floor is a female-wall-style crib, and there are more floors. The pavilion is dotted with it, which looks magnificent and majestic. ......> >

Question 5: What are the famous buildings and relics, their characteristics and origins? Helsinki Railway Station, Finland (196 ~ 1916)

Architect: E. Sha Lining

Helsinki Railway Station in Finland was built in 196 ~ 1916, which is a treasure in the station building at the beginning of this century and an important architectural example in the early modernist category in northern Europe, but it is basically eclectic. It has a clear outline, a bright figure and concise details, which not only shows the characteristics of masonry buildings, but also reflects the development trend of modern architecture. The designer of Helsinki train station is the famous architect Ariel? Sha Lining (1873 ~ 195), Herr

Octyl Railway Station is his masterpiece of romantic classical architecture. Although it has a heavy classical style, it is also strewn at random, and

Fiona Fang sets each other off, so it is lively, memorable and not rigid, and it is regarded as one of the fine architectural arts in the 2th century.

Mira apartment, Barcelona, Spain (196 ~ 191)

Architect: A. Gaudi

Mira apartment was built in Barcelona, Spain from 196 to 191. A. Gaudi (1852-1926), a famous Spanish architect who designed Mila apartment, was a man who bravely opened up another road in the exploration of architectural art. He tried his best to infiltrate plastic art into three-dimensional buildings with romantic fantasy, and focused on the artistic expression of modeling in Mila apartment design. He uses his imagination, and his architectural image is strange and absurd. At the same time, he absorbed the architectural style of * * *, combined with the structural characteristics of Gothic architecture, took a natural form and carefully explored his original plastic architectural model.

Lincoln Memorial, Washington, USA (1919 ~ 1922)

Architect: H. Bacon

Lincoln Memorial was built by American architect Henry? Designed by Bacon, it is located on an artificial highland at the end of Moore Boulevard, with an area of 2,2 square meters, opposite the Washington Monument. The memorial hall draws on the traditional techniques of ancient Greek temples and is surrounded by 36 marble Doric columns, symbolizing the 36 States of the United States during Lincoln's time. Although the plane looks like the ancient Greek temple, there is no mountain flower in the usual Greek temple, but a group of roof layers, placed on the top of the classical column.

The interior of the memorial hall is divided into a main hall and two side halls with rows of columns, and murals depicting the most remarkable achievements and important events in Lincoln's life are painted on the walls of the side halls. The * * * of the whole memorial hall is the statue of Lin

Ken, which is located in the center of the main hall just opposite the entrance. Guided by the longitudinal sequence from the entrance to the statue, people will feel the solemnity of the atmosphere. Later, people

will gradually see this serious Lincoln statue under the sunlight scattered into the room. The layout of Lincoln statue and the ingenious sequence guidance in the vertical and horizontal directions form a solemn atmosphere, which is an outstanding handwriting in the design of this memorial building.

Stockholm City Hall, Sweden (199 ~ 1923)

Architect: R. Osterberg

In the 192s, the call for creating new architectural styles rose in Western Europe, while the traditional architectural styles still maintained a strong momentum. This town hall, which was completed in 1923, is a manifestation of respecting and inheriting tradition. In the design of the town hall, Swedish architect R. O

Steberg respected the classical architecture, but was limited by it, and combined various architectural styles and techniques in history to create this water-side building with staggered figure and harmony between reality and reality. Several

halls in the city hall are luxuriantly decorated, which are poetic and picturesque in northern Europe, and are considered as a fine

product of national romantic architecture.

Schroeder House, Utrecht, the Netherlands (1924)

Architect: G. Ritwid

Designer G. Ritwid is a furniture designer and architect, influenced by the then "de stijl" in the Netherlands. De stijl artists advocate that works of art should be composed of geometric figures and pure color blocks. This Schroeder residence is a typical expression of de stijl's art < P > proposition in the field of architecture. The composition, which is composed of bare wallboard, simple blocks and large pieces of glass, is very similar to the painting of the famous Dutch painter mondriaan at that time, just like a three-in-one. > >

Question 6: What are the famous ancient buildings in China? What famous ancient buildings are the Forbidden City, the Yuanmingyuan, the Great Wall and so on?

The Forbidden City in Beijing is the imperial palace of China in Ming and Qing Dynasties, formerly known as the Forbidden City, which is located in the center of Beijing's central axis and is the essence of ancient court architecture in China. The Forbidden City in Beijing is centered on three halls, covering an area of 72, square meters, with a construction area of about 15, square meters. There are more than 7 palaces and more than 9, houses. It is one of the largest and most well-preserved ancient wooden buildings in the world.

Yuanmingyuan is a large royal palace in the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the western suburbs of Beijing and adjacent to the Summer Palace. It consists of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Garden. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed in the east, west and south, surrounded by stars.

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall of Wan Li, was an ancient military defense project in China. The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the famous allusion "the bonfire plays princes" that happened in Haojing, the capital (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) originated from this. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, countries competed for hegemony and defended each other, and the Great Wall was built in the first place, but the length of construction at this time was relatively short. After Qin destroyed the six countries and unified the world, Qin Shihuang connected and repaired the Warring States Great Wall, which was called the Great Wall of Wan Li. The Ming Dynasty was the last dynasty to overhaul the Great Wall, and most of the Great Wall people see today was built at this time.

Question 7: What are the famous modern buildings in China, such as Shanghai Shimao International Plaza, Nanjing Langshi City Plaza, the new terminal building of Capital Airport, Wuhan Tianxingzhou Yangtze River Bridge, Nanning Diwang International, Beijing National Stadium, Beijing National Swimming Center and Wuhan Qintai Culture and Art Center?

Question 8: What are the characteristics of Shanghai? Are there any famous buildings? What's the famous location? Chenghuang Temple, Nanjing Street, Qipu Road and Xujiahui are all famous.

Xianxia Road-Taiwan Province people's food, entertainment and fashion street.

Hong Kong Street under People's Square, Yuyuan Mall, Huaihai Road, Xintiandi and Sichuan North Road are all good buildings. Don't miss the Oriental Pearl Tower.

Question 9: What are the characteristics of the "brother-style" building? Brief introduction: Gothic architecture (the architectural style popular in Western Europe from 12th to 16th century, characterized by pointed arch, P vault, P slender column, etc.)

Classical Gothic architecture in European countries:

Gothic architecture first rose in France in the second half of 11th century. At that time, some churches in France had already appeared the prototype of rib vault and flying buttress. It is generally believed that the first truly Gothic church was Saint-Denis's church on the outskirts of Paris. The four-pointed coupon of this church skillfully solved the problem of rib vault structure between arches, with large-area stained glass windows, which was imitated by many churches in the future.

Gothic architecture in Italy was introduced from the national crusade in the 12th century, mainly affecting the northern region. Italy did not really accept the structural system and modeling principles of Gothic architecture, but only regarded it as a decorative style. The most famous is Milan Cathedral, the largest Gothic spire in the world.

The Italian church doesn't emphasize the sense of height and verticality, and there is no bell tower on the front. Instead, it adopts a screen gabled composition. The roof is relatively flat, the windows are not big, and the sharp coupons and semi-circular coupons are often used together. Flying buttresses are extremely rare, and the carving and decoration have obvious Roman classical style.

Although the plane of French Gothic church is Latin cross, the lateral wings are rarely protruding. The west is the main entrance, and there is a circular corridor in the East Ring Hall, and many small worship rooms are arranged radially. The interior of the church, especially the central hall, is towering, with large pieces of colored glass. Its appearance is marked by many minarets and spires, large and small, and some of the tall bell towers in the west also have spires. There is a very high steeple on the roof at the intersection of the two planes, and there are exquisite spires on the buttresses and battlements. The windows are thin and high, and the whole church has a strong upward movement and is extremely rich in sculpture.

The west facade is the key point of the building, and the typical composition is: a pair of tall bell towers on both sides, horizontally connected by a horizontal coupon gallery below, and three gates are perspective doors composed of retreating tips, and the coupons are covered with statues. There is a big circle above the main entrance, called the Rose Window, which is exquisitely carved. Notre Dame de Paris is the representative work of early Gothic churches in France.

Amiens Cathedral is a masterpiece of French Gothic architecture in its heyday. It is 137 meters long and 46 meters wide, with few lateral wings protruding, and seven small worship rooms are arranged radially around the eastern end. The central hall is 15 meters wide and the vault is as high as 4.