As a high school Chinese teacher, students should be guided to accumulate and use classic texts when guiding them to learn them. In terms of accumulation, it can guide students to accumulate classic fragments of texts, classic short stories of writers, cultures in texts and famous poems and sentences. In terms of application, we should guide students to think from multiple angles, think about which materials can serve which topics and how to serve them, and make teaching materials a "writing source" for students.
Taking the second volume of Chinese in senior high school as an example, we talk about how to accumulate writing materials in class and make use of them.
Example of cell 1
Classroom materials (1): classic figures
Xianglinsao was a typical rural working woman in old China. She is industrious and capable. In order to survive, she is resigned, deeply hurt by the feudal system, and has no sense of resistance. She eventually became a beggar and died alone and painfully in Lu Zhen's "peace" blessing.
Cui Cui's parents died when she was a child, and her heart was very lonely. Although she is taken care of by her grandfather, he can't really understand her feelings as a young girl. Her heart is closed, isolated from the outside world, lonely, and finally waits in loneliness.
Aquatic sister-in-law is hardworking, brave and simple, and also has the characteristics of ordinary housewives. She is guarding the family, looking forward to a happy life and hoping that her husband will not leave. At the time of great enemy and national disaster, they can unite their love for their husbands and their love for the motherland, actively support their husbands to join the army and organize women to participate in the anti-Japanese struggle.
A person's fate is influenced by various factors, including social environment and personal character and temperament. The following materials can be used as writing propositions, topics or materials, such as "Character determines fate", "Attitude determines life", "Destiny is in your own hands", "The shackles of spirit (soul)" and "Dignity of life". Pay attention to the angle when daubing.
Class materials (2): classic stories
In Border Town, the old boatman on the ferry is accompanied by his granddaughter Cui Cui. The two sons of Zhangshui Wharf always fall in love with Cui Cui. One of them was very generous and satisfied, and died in an accident when he went out to play at the beach. A guilty man left Cui Cui and ran away from home. The story shows the quiet and harmonious life in the border town and the truth, goodness and beauty of love.
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This material can be applied to propositions, topics or material composition such as "harmony", "affection" and "love". China is committed to building and developing a "harmonious" society. What a harmonious society needs is the truth, goodness and beauty in human nature, and the harmony between man and nature and between people embodied in Border Town is not ours.
What does a society need? Using this material, you can use it flexibly in different ways from different topic angles or proposition intentions.
Example of Unit 2
Classroom materials (1): classic words
When talking about how to treat the national cultural heritage, Mr. Lu Xun said: "We should use our brains, open our eyes and do it ourselves!" "In short, we want to bring it. We want to use it, store it or destroy it. "
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This material can be used for propositions, topics or material compositions related to "treating national cultural heritage", "Lu Xun's great contribution" and "choice". Lu Xun's "takenism" contains profound philosophy and is a criterion that we must abide by when dealing with cultural heritage and foreign things. When using this material, we should strictly follow the requirements of the composition for reasonable extension and appropriate analysis. Pay attention to changing the angle when smearing.
Classroom materials (2): classic examples
The barber in a barber shop in Jinan refused to shave the flat head for the "hillbilly", thinking that the hillbilly only deserves to shave his head. When the "countryman" ran away from the wall, a pair of male and female hairdressers also said, "The countryman still wants to have a flat head, no way!" "Don't look at yourself!" ?
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This material can be used for propositions, topics or material compositions related to "power and responsibility", "discrimination" and "treating others equally". Power is endowed by society, and power is closely related to responsibilities and obligations. This material is a negative example of violating this law. Although things are small, the problems reflected are universal to some extent. When you use it, you should look at it from the small to the big, and don't discuss it too much.
Unit 3 Example
Classroom materials (1): short stories by naturalists.
1828 One day, in a forest outside London, a college student wandered around an old tree. Suddenly, he found an insect crawling under the bark that was about to fall off, so he quickly peeled off the bark and found two strange beetles crawling forward quickly. The college students immediately drew their bows left and right, holding them in their hands and watching excitedly. Just then, another beetle jumped out of the bark, and the college students were caught off guard. He quickly hid the beetle in his mouth and reached out to catch the third beetle. Looking at these strange beetles, college students really can't put it down, just admiring the beetles in their hands and forgetting which one is in their mouths. The beetle in his mouth couldn't stand it any longer, so he released a spicy poison that stung the tongue of college students. He remembered the beetle in his mouth and spat it into his hand. Then, regardless of the pain in his mouth, he proudly walked to Cambridge University in the city. This college student is Charlie? Darwin. Later, people named it "Darwin" to commemorate his first discovery of beetles.
Darwin graduated from Cambridge University in, but he gave up his high-paying career as a priest and remained keen on natural science research.
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This material can be used in propositions, topics or material compositions related to "persistence", "career choice" and "taking and giving up", and attention should be paid to changing angles when applying it.
Classroom materials (2): classic text fragments
As a naturalist, I once took part in the round-the-world voyage of the cruise ship Berg. I was deeply impressed by the geographical distribution of organisms and the geological relationship between organisms and paleontology. After returning home, in 1837, it suddenly occurred to me that if we patiently collect and sort out all kinds of materials related to this problem, we may get some results. In this way, in five years, I concentrated on this problem and made some notes. In 1844, these notes were enriched and written as an outline of the conclusion that I thought was correct at that time.
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This material is suitable for propositions, topics or material compositions related to the following topics: (1) accumulation (2) development (3) cognition (4) pursuit (5) secret of success. Persistence is the guarantee of victory. "If you don't accumulate steps, there will be no miles; If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become rivers and seas. " It is because of rich accumulation that Darwin made amazing discoveries. This material is rich in connotation and widely used. Pay attention to angle conversion and expression when using, so as to avoid a sense of accomplishment.
Unit 4 Example
Classroom materials (1): classic arguments
Chewing Words gives the following examples: "Guo Moruo changed his lines", "Wang Ruoxu changed Li Guang to fight tigers", "Jia Dao's story of deliberation" and "Huishan's poem of cooking dragons". These examples tell us that we should gradually achieve artistic perfection with rigorous spirit and hard work.
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This material can be used in propositions, topics or material compositions related to "learning with humility", "rigorous scholarship", "believing in yourself and listening to others' opinions" and "modesty makes people progress". Pay attention to the conversion angle and language expression when using.
Class Material (2): Classic Speech
It is precisely because of the broken arm that Venus has a "lost" aesthetic feeling and charming temperament. Filling and restoring the defects of Venus limits people's imagination and loses the incomparable wonderful overall beauty in the abstract sense.
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This material can be used for propositions, topics or material compositions related to "facing up to defects", "creating incomplete beauty", "advantages and disadvantages" and "mentality". Pay attention to the breadth and depth of the center when using it, and strive to be targeted and educational in combination with reality. If we want to reason dialectically, we should look at the defects dialectically. Everything that is perfect has defects, and any defect may show perfection. The key is whether it can arouse people's imagination and give people all kinds of hints. Second, considering that not all defects have been filled to perfection; The third is to consider physical defects.
Not terrible. The terrible thing is that our minds are defective. We should make up for the congenital defects with strong spiritual strength.
Unit 5 Example
Class material (1): classic historical lens
A "Hongmen Banquet" made us know many people with distinct personalities: indecisive and arrogant Xiang Yu; Liu Gang, who is good at employing people and cunning; Sean, resourceful, decisive and not surprised by change; Wily Fan Zeng; Fan Kuai, who is both wise and brave, left too many sighs and thoughts on their respective destinies: history made Xiang Yu, but the current situation made Liu Bang; For Xiang Yu, people just appreciate it and are unwilling to follow suit; However, Liu Bang, a street scoundrel, achieved the imperial career. Who is the hero? This is a difficult problem, which just gives us room to write.
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This material can be used to write related topics, such as personality, heroes, listening to others' opinions, knowing yourself, strengths and weaknesses, defeating opponents and improving yourself, history and mirrors. History is a treasure house. When writing, you should skillfully quote and change the angle, arrange the structure of the article reasonably and clarify your own views according to the requirements.
Classroom materials (2): the author's integrity
When Tao Yuanming, a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, made an order in Zedang County, Du You of the county once visited Pengze for official business. The county wrote a letter to Tao Yuanming, asking him to prepare for the reception, that is, prepare gifts, prepare delicious food, dress neatly and greet him respectfully.
Tao Yuanming was so angry that he tore the letter to pieces. He said loudly, "I will never grovel to that guy for the salary of a small county magistrate of five dou meters?" Say that finish, take off the official uniform, take off the official hat, hand over the official seal, sit down and write your resignation, and resign and go home.
Without noble moral character and integrity, it is impossible to make a move of "not bending over five buckets of rice". The story of Tao Yuanming has been passed down from generation to generation, which is exactly the noble moral character and integrity that people pursue and yearn for.
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Honesty is a principle of being a man and a moral accomplishment. Chastity-abiding people are honest and upright, and regard integrity as more important than life, not to mention money and reputation. This material can be used for the composition of propositions, topics or materials related to "morality and honesty", "strength", "material and spirit", "pursuit of life" and "learning to be a man". Pay attention to the change of angle and the details of material when using.
Unit 6 Example
Class materials (1): classic speeches
Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts.
Nothing is expensive, nothing is cheap, nothing is long, nothing is short, what is the Tao, and what is the teacher.
Disciples need not be lower than teachers, and teachers need not be higher than disciples.
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This material can be used for the composition of topics, materials or propositions such as "learning from others", "respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching", "being a teacher", "learning from others" and "cooperation". When writing, we should pay attention to changing the angle, combine our own knowledge accumulation, buckle the topic and reasonably determine the style. For example, to write "learning from teaching", you can write an argumentative paper, quote a lot of materials, and clarify your views around the relationship between teachers and students; It can also be written as a narrative to make readers think and get education through stories in real life.
Classroom materials (2): Historical figures
Starting from the long-term stability of the Li and Tang Dynasties, Wei Zhi expounded the truth that only by "being prepared for danger in times of peace, refraining from extravagance and frugality" can "rule by leaning on the arch", and exhorted Emperor Taizong to be virtuous, observe people's hearts, accept it humbly and govern the world from beginning to end.
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This kind of material can be used in the composition of topics, materials or propositions, such as "coachable", "Be prepared for danger in times of peace", "Be born of worry and die of happiness", "Be wise and fatuous" and "Believe in your own opinions and listen to others' opinions". When using it, we should pay due attention to the change of angle and reason. We can talk about the influence on the country and the nation in the big aspect and the change of knowledge in the small aspect. Writing should be clear in thinking, persuasive in materials, and pay attention to choosing from different aspects.
Examples of the application of in-class materials in the composition of full marks in college entrance examination;
Chinese is a clear spring in my heart.
Jiangxi examinee
Chinese, the culture contained in Chinese. From knotted notes to the appearance of words, there is an image; From the beauty of poetry to the elegance of prose, it contains agility; From gorgeous papers to classic novels, there is a soul. Tasting Chinese is like tasting a cup of fragrant tea, and the warm breath is refreshing; Taste the language, just like a drop of dew just falling on the lotus leaf, and the breath of life spreads all over the body; Tasting Chinese is like a clear spring flowing between mountains and streams, pure and simple.
Language, a clear spring in my heart, brought my soul to the water's edge. In the quiet moonlight, a lonely old man came back slowly. I only heard one sentence: "It is better to drag my tail and smear." Answer the messenger who asked for help. His carefree travel and his great ambition touched my heart. I can't give up my wealth, power and fame. This is Zhuangzi, Zhuangzi who dreamed of butterflies. After waking up, I have forgotten everything. I don't know whether I became a butterfly or a butterfly became me. This lonely tree waiting for the moon will stand in my heart forever.
Chinese, a clear spring in my heart, has brought my soul to the lost Grand View Garden. Baochai's loveliness and sophistication are fascinating, Daiyu's watery temperament is sympathetic, Xifeng's ferocity is admirable, and Baoyu's infatuation is admirable. Everything has become a beautiful angel, printed in my mind. The ups and downs of the Grand View Garden also make people feel sorry after reading it. Baodai's anti-feudal courage is commendable, and that lingering love is embarrassing.
Chinese, a clear spring in my heart, has brought my soul into the transparent realm of Border Town. Smell the simple feelings of the people in the border town; I heard that the old people and the old people in the border town are full of affection; Yes, Cui Cui and others are sitting on the shore, with eager and clever eyes. That sad border town turned into a clear spring, which flowed through my body and touched my nerves. So much for the transparency of human nature. The ending is sad, but who can deny that Cui Cui is happy? Endless waiting has turned into sentimental tears of acacia, swaying in the corner of the border town and floating in the hearts of every reader.
Chinese, a clear spring in the heart, cleanses the soul of human nature, enters the highest spiritual space, tastes the purity of human nature, feels the nobility of human nature, and feels the beauty and innocence of human nature.
Chinese, extensive and profound, embraces all things in the world, its soul is nourished and moistened by the spirit under the illumination of literature, showing human nature, and a clear spring is flowing in my heart.