Bangkok Encyclopedia Business Card
The capital of Thailand, the second largest city in Southeast Asia, the main port and the political, economic and cultural center, is known as the "Buddhist Capital". Thais call Bangkok "Military Post", which means "city of angels". Its full Thai name is translated into Latin, with a length of 167 letters, which means: "city of angels, a great city, the abode of jade Buddha, an indestructible city, a cosmopolitan city endowed with nine precious stones, a majestic palace full of heavenly residences like reincarnated gods, a metropolis given by Indra and built by Vishnu".
natural resources
in 1767, when the Li Wu dynasty (1767-1782) rose, some small markets and settlements gradually formed in Bangkok. In 1782, the Bangkok dynasty Rama I moved the capital from Tun Li Wu, west of Chao Phraya River, to Bangkok, east of the river. Rama I built palaces and walls here, and built nine streets, among which Sanpin Street is the most famous. During the reign of Buddha Loetla Nabhalai and III (189-1851), many Buddhist temples were built in the city. During the period of Rama V (1868-191), most of the city walls of Bangkok were demolished and new roads and bridges were built. In 1892, a tram was connected to Bangkok. Ramalongong University was established in 1916. In 1937, Bangkok was divided into two cities: Bangkok and Tunliwu. After World War II, cities developed rapidly, and the population and area increased greatly. In 1971, the two cities merged into Bangkok-Li Wu metropolitan area, which was called Greater Bangkok.
Location
It is about 4 kilometers away from the mouth of Chao Phraya River. The city spans the banks of the Chao Phraya River, with low terrain and an average elevation of less than 2 meters. Longitude: 1 31 ′ e, latitude: 13 45 ′ n.
Administrative Districts
The administrative area of the government building, Greater Kyoto, Bangkok is divided into 38 counties. They are: Painakong County, Lushi County, Batunwang County, Sanpantawang County, Wanle County, Rannawa County, Wanqing County, Paiyetai County, Wanjiabi County, Paikunlun County, Min Li Wu County, Langzhu County, Gaijiawan County, Tun Li Wu County, Kongshan County, Lian County of Bangkok and Ai County of Bangkok.
population
according to the 27 census, Bangkok has a registered population of 8.16 million. More than half of Bangkok people are of Chinese descent to some extent. In recent years, a large number of immigrants and foreigners have flooded into Bangkok. In November, 25, there were 123, foreign administrators, and the number increased at the rate of 1,8 per month. Among the foreigners who have stayed for a long time, 265, are citizens of the People's Republic of China, 3, are Japanese (the largest Japanese community in Asia except Japan), 1, Indians (of whom 35, are Sikhs), 6, Americans, 45, Europeans (the largest in Asia except Singapore), 7, Koreans and 6, Nigerians. In addition, there are about 4, to 6, illegal immigrants from Cambodia, Myanmar, Russia, Ukraine, Pakistan, Bangladesh and China.
About 92% of the population in Bangkok believe in Buddhism, 6% in Islam, 1% in Christianity, about 3 Jews and .6% in Hinduism. There are about 4 Buddhist temples, 55 Muslim temples, 1 churches and 2 synagogues in Bangkok.
time population time population
188 255, April 25, 196 2,136,435
191 365, April 1, 197 3,77,361
April 1, 1919 437,294 198. April 1, 199 5,882,411
May 23, 1937 89,453 April 1, 2 6,32,174
April 25, 1947 1,178,881 January 1, 25 6,642,566.
climate and irrigation
the climate is hot and humid, with an annual average temperature of 27.5℃ and an annual precipitation of 15mm. Temperature: the highest in the whole year is 39 C (April); The minimum annual temperature is 11 C (January).
A city given by Indra and built by Vishnu
[ Edit this paragraph] Historical evolution
Historical background
The origin of Bangkok
Most people only know that the name of the capital of Thailand is Bangkok. It turns out that the official name of Bangkok is the longest local name in the world, with a total of 167 letters. What is the official name? ? ? ? ? , in English, the city of angels, the great city, the eternal jewel city, the imposing city of God Indra, the grand capital of the world endowed with nine precious gems, the happy city, abounding in an enormous Royal Palace that resembles the heavenly abode where reigns the reincarnated god, a city given by Indra and built by Vishnukam。 In Chinese, Huang Taifu Mahanakun abandoned him. Wow, Lao Di Xi 'a was made up of Mahathir, Lupu, Alatani Bulong, Udon, Palachanevi Mahasatan.
In Chinese, it means "the city of angels, the grand city, the pearl of the Buddha, the most peaceful and great place in the Buddha's war, there are nine kinds of music capitals with precious stones, many rich palaces, and a metropolis built by the Buddha with the god of architecture. For foreign tourists, Thailand called the capital Bangkok for short. Huang Taifu Mahanakun abandoned him. Wolaodixia was developed by Mahathir Lupu Oulatani Bulong, Udon Palachanevi Mahasatan
. Originally it was a fishing village. In 1767, it swallowed the Li Wu Dynasty and built its capital in Hexi Tun Li Wu. In 1782, it became the capital of Siam Kingdom, where King Rama I built palaces (see Bangkok Grand Palace), temples and walls. During the II and III periods, many Buddhist temples were added in the city, and the V demolished the city walls to build roads and bridges. In 1892, the electric car was electrified, and in 19, the railway was built with big cities. Chulalongkorn University was founded by VI in 1916. In 1937, it was divided into Bangkok and Tun Li Wu. After World War II, cities developed rapidly, and their area and population increased greatly. In 1971, the two cities merged into Bangkok-Tun Li Wu Metropolitan Area, covering an area of 29 square kilometers. In 1972, Bangkok, Gyeonggi and Li Wu merged to form Bangkok, which swallowed Kyoto, Li Wu, also known as Greater Bangkok, with an area of 2, square kilometers.
Important historical events
The serial bombings in Bangkok in 26
From December 31, 26 to January 1, 27, it was the New Year's Eve celebration of the citizens. First, at about 6 pm local time, four explosions occurred in different corners of Bangkok, and then at least seven small explosions occurred near the periphery of Bangkok metropolitan area in more than an hour.
On that night, explosions of different scales occurred in eight different places in the urban area; It was not until the next day that it was confirmed that there were at least 3 deaths and 38 injuries (including foreigners and locals).
So far, only one person has been arrested for allegedly possessing explosive dangerous goods; For the time being, no group or individual has the responsibility to publicly announce the incident
[ Edit this paragraph] Folk culture
Cultural characteristics
Buddhism in Bangkok has a long history, strong oriental colors, and many Buddhist temples, with exquisite and beautiful architecture. It is most famous for its magnificent Grand Palace, Jade Buddha Temple, solemn reclining Buddha Temple, Golden Buddha Temple full of magical legends and magnificent Zhengwang Temple. Bangkok, the place with the largest number of Buddhist temples in the world, has more than 4 Buddhist temples. Strolling through the city, you are greeted by towering pagodas, monasteries with red roofs, and temples with Thai fish ridges with red, green and yellow roofs, which are full of mysterious oriental colors. Every morning, the city is full of cigarettes, long bells, crisp and pleasant sounds, and the sound of chanting is endless. Monks and nuns in temples walk slowly in the streets, begging for alms from home to home, which has become a unique landscape on the streets of Bangkok. Among the many temples in Bangkok, Jade Buddha Temple, Reclining Buddha Temple and Golden Buddha Temple are the most famous, and they are called the three national treasures of Thailand.
A famous figure
Chu Wei
wrote a new book to expose the shady demands of Thai police for bribes, which was very popular after publication. Encouraged by this, I decided to run for mayor of Bangkok. In October 23, Chuwei formed his own political party-"Thai Party", claiming that his main program was to fight corruption.
Apile
The Chinese name is Li Shengli, and the pronunciation is lè. His grandfather came to Thailand from China in his early years and became a member of the Royal Guard of Thailand. Li Shengli was determined to be an excellent politician when he was young. While studying in the Department of Food Science and Technology of Chiang Mai University, he joined the Democratic Youth League. After graduating from college, Li Shengli first worked as an apprentice at Pizza Hut, then studied market management at Bangkok School of Administration, and went to Harvard University to study management. After returning from school, Li Shengli joined PepsiCo as the regional marketing manager of Southeast Asia, and was also employed as the senior director of first-class Thai companies such as Filidore's French fries, Cramer's audio and entertainment. Later, due to his outstanding achievements in running the company, he was named "the youngest successful entrepreneur" in Thailand at that time. In 23, at the age of 43, he was elected mayor of Bangkok.
[ Edit this paragraph] Economic development
Urban economy
Bangkok is the economic center of Thailand and the trading center of precious metals and gems. The Chao Phraya River allows Bangkok to function as a port. Bangkok, the capital, is an international metropolis, and its economy accounts for 44% of Thailand's total economic output. But the population is only over 8 million. Bangkok is one of the developed cities in Southeast Asia with a per capita GDP of US$ 13,. However, Thailand's development is extremely uneven, and the living standards of outsiders in most capital economic zones are low. There are 536 listed companies in Thailand, which are listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (Thai: English: Stock Exchange of Thailand), with a total capital of about 6 trillion baht (about 2 billion US dollars) (January 31, 27). Bangkok has become an important economic pillar in Southeast Asia. In 1997, Thailand's weak economy became the fuse of the Asian financial crisis, so Thailand was also one of the countries most affected.
Urban planning layout and scale
The Chao Phraya River runs through the north and south, bisecting Bangkok and finally flowing into the Gulf of Thailand. The construction of the whole Bangkok is spread outward around the Grand Palace. The first circle is temples and official buildings, the second circle is commercial circles, the third circle is residential areas, and the outermost is slums. Most of the palaces and Buddhist temples are built in the Chao Phraya River circle.
Bangkok has 24 counties and 15 districts, most of which are east of Chao Phraya River. There are six major industrial and commercial districts in * * *, and it is Longlu in Bandai District that is most prosperous. Wangjiatian Square is the "largest"; Schlemm street is the most "foreign"; The Chinatown market is the largest and most prosperous. The area along the Chao Phraya River is not only the political center of Thailand, but also a densely populated area of tourist attractions. The Dusit area is the new political center of Thailand.
Bangkok's urban planning is chaotic, and the government allows private ownership of land. Therefore, it is often seen that a piece of wasteland is inexplicably separated by barbed wire in the bustling commercial district, or that a high-rise mansion and a wooden house are next to each other, and the architectural style spans a great time. In Bangkok, you can see the most avant-garde postmodern square design in the city center, but not far away, you can also find old apartment buildings that only appear in Hong Kong films in the 197s and 198s.
Bangkok is studying urban planning, and the urban planning department intends to use London as a blueprint to plan the future of Bangkok, so as to highlight the comfortable tourist atmosphere and integrate more artistic features in Bangkok, and at the same time, strive to improve and improve the quality of life of citizens while attracting tourists.
industry and transportation resources
industry
developed industry and commerce, world-famous rice market. There are rice milling, textile, sugar, building materials and other factories. The scenic spots in the city are the Grand Palace, Jade Buddha Temple, Marble Temple and Zhengwang Temple. There are National Museum, National Library and Chulalongkorn, politics and law, agriculture, art, medicine and other colleges and universities. Southeast Asia economic activity center, where the United Nations has economic, food, agriculture, health, banking and other institutions. Urban rivers crisscross, and water trade is flourishing. The Stock Exchange of Thailand is located in Bangkok. In addition, Bangkok is also a trading center for precious metals and gems.
transportation
transportation hub, which is the starting point for the north, east and south railways. Don Mueang Airport in the northern suburb, 24 kilometers away from the urban area, is a modern international airport with the largest traffic volume in Southeast Asia. The largest seaport in China, with docks along the banks of the Chao Phraya River, has an annual throughput of about 15 million tons, and 95% of the country's imports and 75% of its exports pass through it.
Canal system
Motorized boats walking in the Bangkok Canal are the fastest and most memorable means of transportation. The canal gave the city the title of Venice in the East. At one time, all the transportation was done by ships. Today, most rivers are filled in to build streets. Several elevated highways have also been built in downtown Bangkok to solve the serious traffic congestion problem in Bangkok.
Mass Transit
Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS)
On December 5, 1999, two independent routes with a distance of 55 kilometers were opened, and passengers can transfer between the two lines at Siam Station. At Sala Daeng Station, Mo Chit Station and Asok Station, passengers can change to the underground railway in Bangkok (
1) which is the Silom Line. There are seven stations: National Stadium Station, Siam Station, Ratchadamri Station in Lacha, Sala Daeng Station, Chong Nonsi Station, Surasak Station and Saphan Taksin Station.
2) Sukhumvit Line, with 17 stations: moji.