What was the specific course of the Battle of Guabu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties?

Since the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, China has entered the war-torn period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and many people in the Central Plains are in dire straits. This is a very complicated historical era, and it is also an era in which all countries are committed to reunification. The Guabu War is an example, also known as the Yuanjia Northern Expedition. After Liu and Song Dynasties in the south replaced the Jin Dynasty, the Northern Wei Dynasty in the north also seized the opportunity to rise, and the North and South formed a situation of equal strength.

In November of 423 AD, Tuoba Tao, the underage Taiwu Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, came to power, and personally led Wei Jun to resist Rouran's invasion. In 425 AD, Song Wendi-Liu Yilong, a teenager, came to power in the Southern Dynasty.

So at this time, there were threats from great powers around the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the strategic situation was not very good. In the 429-year Northern Wei Dynasty's battle to break Rouran, Tuoba Tao attacked the desert, which caused Rouran to be hit hard. At this time, Liu and Song Dynasties directly threatened the strategic position of the Northern Wei Dynasty, so the Northern Wei Dynasty put a unified strategic goal on the Central Plains.

At that time, there were frequent wars between the Northern Wei Dynasty and neighboring countries, and Liu Yilong, Song Wendi, took this opportunity to send envoys to ask Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty to return to all parts of Henan and Shandong. Later, Tuoba Tao laughed it off and ignored it, and scolded the envoys of the Southern Dynasties. Later, Song Wendi was very angry when he learned about it, so he sent troops to the northern expedition in 43 AD. After 5, troops entered Shandong, Wei Jun's main force was fighting in the north. Coupled with the small number of troops in all parts of Henan, he learned that Song Jun was coming.

During this period, Song Jun recovered a lot of lost land and pushed all the way to the south bank of the Yellow River. However, Wei Jun was very brave. Coupled with Song Jun's wrong army, Song Jun was defeated at once, and even many cities such as Luoyang were lost. As a result, Song Jun suffered heavy losses and had to flee to the south. At that time, in order to save the defeat, Song Wendi hurriedly ordered Song Jun to help, but it still didn't get a good effect. The northern expedition to Liu Song ended in complete failure, and both the north and the south maintained stable development for nearly 2 years.

However, the Northern Wei Dynasty was tough, and it was always attacking everywhere. In 439 AD, Tuoba Tao destroyed Beiliang, and since then, the North has been unified. Liu Song also saved his strength and strengthened a lot. In February 45 AD, Wei Jun attacked south again with 1, troops. When Song Jun learned about it, he abandoned the city one after another, resulting in the abandonment of many places. At that time, although some people in Liu Song Dynasty could not persuade him,

In July of 45 AD, Song Jun once again made a northern expedition, and the Eastern Route Army went straight into Shandong, even reaching several cities such as Le 'an. However, in October, Tuoba Tao personally led the army to support the sliding platform. When the two armies were at war, Song Jun was frightened by Wei Jun's momentum and then fled. As a result, Song Jun lost more than 1, soldiers and was deprived of weapons, grain and grass. Later, Wei Jun constantly defeated Song Jun in various places, and the northern expedition plan of East Route Song Jun could only be carried out.

Song Jun's marked army marched into Henan, but at this time, the East Route Army was defeated, and the Northern Wei Army marched into Jianghuai. As a result, the marked army had to give up all the cities and support other places, so this large-scale northern expedition in Song Jun failed again. Due to the continuous defeat in the south, the morale of the Northern Wei Dynasty increased greatly. Later, Tuoba Tao personally led the army to push the Song Dynasty to build health. However, because northerners could not adapt to the climate here, there was no way to capture health.

However, Song Wendi and Liu Yilong didn't want to kiss, and many people in the DPRK opposed it. In the end, they failed to kiss. When Tuoba Tao learned of it, he was very angry. He ordered the army to burn, kill and plunder everywhere in the south, and after half a month, he led the army to return to the north. After the war, the soldiers and civilians in the Southern Dynasties were massacred and plundered by Wei Jun, with countless losses. Although Wei Jun also suffered great losses, it was much smaller than Liu Song, which made the pattern that the south was weak and the north was strong more and more prominent.