The calligraphy of the Song Dynasty, inherited from the Tang Dynasty and succeeded by the Jin Dynasty, was advanced for the Five Dynasties and created a new trend.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, he paid attention to calligraphy and copied the calligraphy of famous emperors and sages in ancient times. He ordered the engraver to make ten volumes, which were carved with jujube wood and were called "Lianghua Secret Pavilion Dharma Notes".

With the post, it broke the restriction that existing books must be authentic, and at the same time broke the rules of the predecessors, focusing exclusively on interest and subjective expression, thus opening up a new path.

Looking at the calligraphy of the Song Dynasty, the style of advocating meaning is a distinctive feature of the times.

Song calligraphy did not simply deny the Tang people, nor did it simply return to the Jin people. Zen Buddhism's "heart is the Buddha" and "the heart is the Dharma" influenced the calligraphy concepts of the Song people, and the addition of poets and lyricists injected lyricism into the calligraphy.

mean.

Under the premise of emphasizing interest, calligraphers in the Song Dynasty paid great attention to their own cultivation. They were high-minded, read a lot, and had broad knowledge. Their skills in poetry and music were also unmatched by their predecessors.

In the Song Dynasty, Buddhism began to spread among the people and gradually became secular. The manifestations in daily life are as follows: 1. The habit of eating glutinous rice balls began in the Song Dynasty. At that time, the glutinous rice balls were called "Fuyuanzi", also known as "tangyuanzi" and "lactose yuanzi".

, "Tangwan", "Tangtuan", businessmen euphemistically call it "Yuanbao".

During the Song, Yuan and early Yuan Dynasties, glutinous rice balls had become a festival food during the Lantern Festival, so people also called it "Yuanxiao".

2. A trend of vegetarianism has arisen among ordinary people. Li Zhiyan's "What I See in Donggu" said: People in the world regard vegetarianism as fasting, but they don't know that the so-called fasting of the sages means that they are all in harmony, but their hearts are not all in the same place; the so-called

To be careful, be careful not to have any unintended thoughts.

In order to adapt to this trend, there are vegetarian restaurants and vegetarian teas specializing in vegetarian food in Bianjing, Lin'an and other places. The food they prepare includes temple vegetarian food, bran, bamboo shoots and mushrooms, which are sufficient for vegetarian feasts.

In addition, there are also restaurants specializing in vegetarian dim sum.

At the same time, folk legends of retribution for eating meat also became popular.

For example, Zhang Daolong, a Taoist from Guangxiao Palace, liked to eat eels in his life, but he didn't realize it after being told in a dream. Later, he died of eating eel soup in his mouth while serving as a soldier. 3. Related to the custom of vegetarianism is the custom of eating meat.

Wang Lin's "Jie Cai" in Volume 22 of "Yeke Series" records: Today's people have been vegetarians for a long time, and their relatives are like neighbors setting up wine and food utensils to warm each other.

This trend has been seen in the Six Dynasties.

The Marquis of Guandong mourned the death of Concubine Pan's daughter. She was castrated and erect, and the food in the camp was shameful. It was said that it was heaven's solution.

Righteousness.

4. The Song Dynasty was the development stage of kites in my country.

Reasons: First, the prosperity of urban cultural economy and the rise of folk handicrafts in the Song Dynasty. Second, the Song Dynasty promoted traditional festival customs, which provided good conditions for the development of kites and entertainment activities during festivals.

According to "Tokyo Menghua Lu", in Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, "there were five watches every day. Visitors to the temples would make iron signs or wooden fish to announce the dawn... People who were heading towards the market would get up after hearing this.

They would carry them on peace carts or donkeys and horses, and guard the gates from outside the city to sell goods until dawn. "The extant "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" painted by Zhang Zeduan, a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, also fully reflects the prosperous and lively scene of the Qingming Festival in Tokyo at that time.

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5. In the Song Dynasty, giving gifts on New Year's Eve became a folk custom.

At that time, it was called "Fei Sui" and "Farewell Sui".

On New Year's Eve, neighbors and villagers give each other small amounts of rice and noodles to express new congratulations, and invite each other to drink to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new.

It shows the Chinese people’s honest and simple customs of cherishing their time and valuing human kindness.

6. A very famous festival in ancient times that is now lost - Cold Food Festival. After the Song Dynasty, the custom of cold food and tomb sweeping was moved to the Qingming Festival.

Customs such as youth outings and swing swings are only held during the Qingming Festival.

The Qingming Festival has been elevated from a simple agricultural solar term to an important festival, and the influence of the Cold Food Festival has disappeared.

The style of outing was very popular in the Song Dynasty. The famous painter Zhang Zeduan's genre painting "Along the River During Qingming Festival" vividly depicts the lively scene of people in Kyoto going out for a hike during the Qingming Festival in the Song Dynasty.

During the Qingming Festival in the Song Dynasty, in addition to ready-made foods such as thick glutinous rice cakes, wheat cakes, cheese, and milk cakes sold in the market, people also made their own swallow-shaped pasta called "Jujube Feiyan". It is said that it was made in the past.

Sacrifice used to worship Jie Zitui.

7. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an (now Hangzhou) had the custom of eating wontons every winter solstice.

Zhou Mi from the Song Dynasty said that Lin'an people eat wontons during the winter solstice to worship their ancestors.

It was only in the Southern Song Dynasty that the custom of eating wontons to worship ancestors during the Winter Solstice became popular in my country.

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=================================== There are only the following official traditional festivals: New Year's Eve, December 30 of the lunar calendar (or

December 29) Spring Festival Lunar Calendar January 1st Lantern Festival Lunar Calendar January 15th Tomb-Sweeping Festival Every year between April 4th and 6th in the Gregorian Calendar The 15th day after the Vernal Equinox Dragon Boat Festival Lunar Calendar May 5th Chinese Valentine's Day Chinese Calendar July 7th Mid-Autumn Festival

The Winter Solstice falls between August 15th of the lunar calendar and December 22nd or 23rd of the Gregorian calendar. This is an ancient civilization with a long history. The rich traditional national festivals are an indispensable and important part of Chinese culture.

Each festival has its historical origins, wonderful legends, unique taste and broad mass base.

They reflect the traditional habits, moral customs and religious concepts of the nation, entrust the longing of the entire nation, and are a joyful event for thousands of years from generation to generation.

The main traditional festivals in my country include Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Winter Solstice, Laba Festival, etc.