Characteristics of Miao Nationality's Dietary Culture in Guizhou
What is the most distinctive dish in Miao diet? Salt fishing? . They soak large and full soybeans, then grind them in a stone mill, water them while grinding, and the crushed soybeans flow into raw soybean milk. Then they filter raw soybean milk with gauze, boil it slowly in a pot, take it out and put it on a wooden mold to suppress tofu. Then they cut vegetables such as green vegetables into pieces, pour them in while the soybean milk is still hot and not completely solidified, cook them with soybean milk, add seasonings such as salt, take them out after the soybean milk cools and solidifies into tofu, and put them in.
As an organic part of national culture, food culture is the most noticeable in each subsystem of national cultural system. ? The first nature of matter? The food culture of the ethnic minorities in the Nujiang River Basin has the characteristics of mutual communication, integration, inheritance and development with all ethnic groups. Exploring, preserving and innovating the diet culture of all ethnic groups, making their nutrition more balanced, and achieving the trinity effect of food, medicine and health are the problems to be solved to change the diet structure of ethnic groups and carry forward the diet culture of ethnic groups, and also make the connotation of ethnic groups more profound. Therefore, some ethnic dishes have been reserved and promoted in a planned and purposeful way, so as to strengthen their balanced nutrition and unique taste on the basis of retaining ethnic characteristics and make them a bright spot to attract tourists.
In most areas, Miao people have three meals a day, and rice is the staple food. Fried Baba is the most common fried food. If you add some fresh meat and sauerkraut as stuffing, the taste will be more delicious. Most meat comes from livestock and poultry. Do Miao people in Sichuan and Yunnan like to eat dog meat? Miao dog, Yi wine? Said. In addition to animal oil, most of Miao's edible oils are tea oil and vegetable oil. Pepper is the main condiment, even in some areas? Don't eat spicy food? Said. There are many kinds of Miao vegetables. Common vegetables are beans, melons, green vegetables and radishes. Most Miao people are good at making bean products. Miao people everywhere generally like to eat sauerkraut, and sour soup is a must for every family. Sour soup is rice soup or tofu water, fermented in a crock for 3-5 days, and then used to cook fish and vegetables. The food preservation of Miao people generally adopts pickling method, and vegetables, chickens, ducks and fish like to be pickled into sour taste. Almost every Miao family has jars for curing food, which are collectively called acid jars. Miao nationality has a long history of brewing, and has a set of techniques from koji making, fermentation, distillation, blending and cellar storage. Camellia oleifera is the most common daily drink. Miao people in Xiangxi also specially made a kind of scented tea. Sour soup is also a common drink. Typical foods mainly include: blood soup, Chili bone, Miaoxiang Guifeng soup, cotton cake, insect tea, scented tea, fish paste, sour soup fish and so on.
Dietary cultural habits of Miao people in Guizhou
Miao people like to use salt and tea oil. Miao people in Guizhou eat more hot and sour soup. Cooking methods are mostly boiling or baking. Suffering from the lack of salt in history, sauerkraut has good legs. There are more than 20 kinds of sauerkraut, such as hydrochloric acid, bad spicy and sour spicy. Sauerkraut made of various vegetables, peppers and glutinous rice can be eaten raw or cooked. Boiled fish in sour field is a famous dish with Miao flavor, which is to cook fresh carp in sour soup. Yunnan people like to make sour soup with tender corn or rice soup in bamboo shoot shells and jars, cook fish umbrella meat with sour soup, or soak rice with pepper and salt to stimulate appetite and help digestion. People in southern Guizhou are good at waxing or covering fish or meat. I like to cook sour fish or sour meat. It is said that Miao people often measure the wealth of a family by the amount of swelling acid. The production method of breast fish is to cut the fresh fish, knead it with salt and Chili powder, bake it until it is half dry, ferment it in a sealed jar and steam it when eating. Citronella grilled fish is also famous. Slice the palm-sized fresh fish, make it into paste with onion, ginger, garlic, pepper, pepper, oil and salt, stuff it into the fish belly, wrap it with citronella, and bake it with slow fire. The skin is yellow and crisp and has a unique flavor. Miao people in Hunan eat meat from different parts in the New Year's Festival, such as making a bowl of head and claws, making a bowl of liver, tongue, fat meat and lean meat. When the Miao people in Yunnan eat dogs, they kill them with sticks and then burn them. Mix dog bile with dog liver, cook dog's stomach, lungs and intestines, chop them up, fry them with dog blood, and then mix them with mint to eat. Dog meat should be buried in the soil 1 hour to remove the fishy smell before cooking. After killing sheep, you can eat like a dog. Fresh sheep blood is usually mixed with cooked liver, stomach and intestines and eaten raw as seasoning. Most Miao people can make Chili bones, which can be eaten or seasoned. Its practice is to ferment pig bones, peppers, ginger, salt, rice wine and so on. Fresh, spicy, sweet and crisp, and the fragrance tends to be depressed.
Miao family is also good at making lobster sauce, tofu, enema and noodle sauce. Delicious hot pot, every time you make a bite, you should set up a small pot and add vegetables, meat, tofu and so on. Rinse and eat with salt and pepper water.
Knowledge of Miao Nationality's Diet Culture in Guizhou
The tastes of Miao people are mainly sour and spicy, especially Chili. The daily dishes are mainly hot and sour soup. Sauerkraut is delicious and convenient to make. It can be eaten raw or cooked. Usually eat fresh vegetables or melon beans, and Miao families will also mix some sauerkraut or sour soup. It increases appetite. Besides, Miao's boiled fish in sour soup is a famous dish. The method is to boil the sour soup with water and salt, remove the bitterness from fresh fish and put it in the sour soup for cooking. This dish is tender and delicious, and can be cooked all year round.
Miao people can process and preserve smoked bacon, bacon, pickled fish, dried fish, sausages and so on. Among them, pickled fish is a traditional delicacy of Miao nationality. The method is to cut open the fresh fish, take out the internal organs, smear salt and Chili powder, bake it on the fire until it is half dry, and then seal the altar. Take it out and steam it when you eat it. This kind of fish has the characteristics of crisp bones, moderate salty and spicy taste and delicious flavor.
Miao people also like to make tofu, lobster sauce, pig enema and blood tofu. Love to eat hot pot. Both men and women in the Miao family like wine, and most people will make their own wine. They make their own glutinous rice, and brew fragrant sweet wine, sparkling wine, soju, cellar wine and so on. From local glutinous rice, corn and sorghum.
Dietary taboos of Miao nationality in Guizhou
In most areas, Miao people have three meals a day, and rice is the staple food. Fried Baba is the most common fried food. If you add some fresh meat and sauerkraut as stuffing, the taste will be more delicious. Most meat comes from livestock and poultry. Do Miao people in Sichuan and Yunnan like to eat dog meat? Miao dog, Yi wine? Said. In addition to animal oil, most of Miao's edible oils are tea oil and vegetable oil. Pepper is the main condiment, even in some areas? Don't eat spicy food? Said. There are many kinds of Miao vegetables. Common vegetables are beans, melons, green vegetables and radishes. Most Miao people are good at making bean products. Miao people everywhere generally like to eat sauerkraut, and sour soup is a must for every family. Sour soup is rice soup or tofu water, fermented in a crock for 3-5 days, and then used to cook fish and vegetables. The food preservation of Miao people generally adopts pickling method, and vegetables, chickens, ducks and fish like to be pickled into sour taste. Almost every Miao family has jars for curing food, which are collectively called acid jars. Miao nationality has a long history of brewing, and has a set of techniques from koji making, fermentation, distillation, blending and cellar storage. Camellia oleifera is the most common daily drink. Miao people in Xiangxi also specially made a kind of scented tea. Sour soup is also a common drink. Typical foods mainly include: blood soup, Chili bone, Miaoxiang Guifeng soup, cotton cake, insect tea, scented tea, fish paste, sour soup fish and so on.
Taboo of living customs: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden to clean drinking water retort, rice bag and rice basin at any time. Only when eating new rice can the old rice be removed. Welcome new rice. Washing at any time will wash away the family wealth and there is not enough food. You shouldn't drink raw water directly in the mountains, so you must mark the grass first to show that you are killing the sick ghost. Don't touch other people's clothes on the roadside to avoid getting leprosy. Avoid children playing with small bows and arrows at home to avoid shooting their ancestors. Avoid crossing the child's head, otherwise the child will not grow tall. It is forbidden for women to sit on a bench with their elders. Taboos of Miao nationality vary according to different branches.
Maternity taboo: avoid outsiders entering the room when pregnant women give birth. People who go by mistake should wash their feet and drink a bowl of cold water when they go out to prevent the mother's milk from being "trampled dry". Maternal avoid eating old beef, pork, pheasant, small fish, vegetables, peppers and so on. In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for pregnant women to meet pregnant women and go to other mothers' homes, otherwise it will be regarded as prolonging the delivery period.
Farming taboo: Miao people are forbidden to meet outsiders when they come back from the fields for the first time every year. If they meet it, they are forbidden to say hello. When sowing seedlings, if you see fish in the seedling field, don't say fish, or the fish will eat the roots of the seedlings. In some villages, when harvesting millet, the ears of millet are very small and are not harvested. If the children ask, don't say "no", but say "they haven't grown up yet", otherwise Xiaomi will refuse to grow again because of sadness. Don't mention mice in Tanaka, for fear of hearing them destroy crops, you can only call them "their father and son". Avoid May Day. After beginning of spring in the first month, avoid breaking ground and carrying water on May Day. [2]
Funeral taboo: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for men to die during the day and women to die at night. Think that the time is wrong, the deceased must be accompanied by another opposite sex. Therefore, he was unwell when he died. When he lost his family, he often asked the wizard to recite the spell "change" and make a palm-sized wooden coffin to be buried with him, which showed that he had a companion. Avoid putting non-silver metals such as iron and copper, cotton and things coated with tung oil in coffins, thinking that if the deceased can't buy water to drink on the way back to the East, iron and copper will toss talents to death. In some Miao areas, on the Day of the Dead in the village, you can go to work, but don't go to work in the fields. On that day, people in the same village should avoid collecting firewood and go home, otherwise there will be disaster for the firewood collectors. During the suspension period, family members are forbidden to eat vegetables. Nothing in the family can be sold or borrowed within 1 month after burial.
sensitive
Glutinous rice is one of the staple foods of Miao people and plays an important role in their lives. It is a favorite food for men, women and children. People think that glutinous rice is not hungry and tasteless, so it can be eaten without food and chopsticks. It is very convenient to eat it by hand. Gifts for visiting relatives and friends and staple foods for various festivals (sister festivals) are mostly various foods made of glutinous rice. There are steamed colorful glutinous rice, colorful colored glutinous rice, pillow-shaped and triangular zongzi, glutinous rice cakes, as well as wine making, long-distance travel or uphill work, most of which are stored in bamboo boxes and carried around. When the new daughter-in-law meets Aunt Weng for the first time and the son-in-law meets Zhang Yue for the first time, the glutinous rice gift mentioned above is a necessary gift.
Therefore, the proportion of glutinous rice is very large. Miao people in county towns usually use wooden steamer and pot to cook glutinous rice. Most of them drain water according to the table, but they don't filter rice soup. What do people call it? Soup and rice? What does the Miao language say? Tell Weng He? This food is neither light nor nutritious. Glutinous rice is first soaked in cold water, then filtered and steamed on a wooden steamer, and then eaten in a wooden basin. Glutinous rice or glutinous rice is usually eaten once a day all year round. People think that the rice cooked now will nourish people. The rice that has been put for a long time is old rice, but it will not nourish people. There are two kinds of food processing tools, namely stone tablet and water mill, which have been used for a long time and are necessary for every household. Water milling has a history of 300 years, and it is said that it was introduced from foreign countries. Every village near the water has one or several water mills, which are only used in the busy farming season. Drought mainly depends on stone chips and rice. Processing method: Put the rice dried in a roasting cage or in the sun into a stone mortar, step on the back end of the hammer to make it rise and fall, pound the rice with the falling force, and sift out the chaff when cooking to get clean rice.
Xiaoheiyao stew chicken
In Miao Village of Qiubei County, as long as there are guests at home, they will stew a delicious little black medicine chicken for the guests to taste. This delicious food is not only unique in taste and nutritious, but also? Clearing lung and expelling toxin, dispelling cold and relieving cough, nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, promoting blood circulation and dredging menstruation? It has always been regarded by the Miao compatriots in Qiubei as a delicious food to entertain guests and a nourishing medicine for the sick and weak.
Black medicine, also known as grass triangle maple, is a perennial herb, which grows in cool and humid mountainous areas. Its roots, stems and leaves can be used as medicine, and Miao compatriots often use it to treat diseases such as kidney deficiency, low back pain and asthma. Stewed chicken not only has a unique flavor, tender meat and fresh soup, but also has a special effect of nourishing and treating diseases.