First, the concept of self-help tourism
(A) the concept of self-help tourism
People usually classify group travel according to whether they need to travel through travel agencies and other travel agencies.
Guests and individual travelers. However, with the development of tourism service agencies and tourism intermediary services.
With money, the way people arrange their own travel has changed a lot, and there is also a personal market.
The common characteristics of this group are obviously different from those of ordinary individual travelers, and people regard the tourism of this group as.
Behavior is called self-help travel. Self-help travel is a fashionable and challenging way of travel.
There are three obvious characteristics in tourism organization and tourism purpose.
The first is the autonomy of tourism activities, including determining the destination and itinerary.
Have personal autonomy in the choice of transportation mode, accommodation standards and the arrangement of sightseeing projects.
At the same time, self-help travel also has great flexibility, and you can set off temporarily according to your personal preferences during the trip.
Adjust or change the itinerary; Secondly, the main purpose of tourism is leisure, vacation, entertainment, fitness and seeking.
Seeking knowledge, exploring and satisfying personal special interests are the main purposes; The third is that there is no complete team leader.
Accompanied by a tour guide, tourists need to take care of all their travel activities during the trip, so tourists are
While having autonomy, you must also have certain quality and travel experience.
As can be seen from the above definition, the two concepts of self-help tourism and individual tourism have a great degree.
There are both overlaps and obvious differences between them. In terms of tourism organization, both are.
Design your own travel routes and arrange your own corresponding travel activities, but self-help travel does not rule out communication.
Make reservations through intermediaries including travel agencies (especially transportation and accommodation facilities). But from
In terms of tourism purpose, the general individual's tourism purpose covers a wide range, while self-help tour pays more attention to pure travel.
Travel or entertainment purposes, excluding official business, business and conference travel and the responsibility of the reception unit.
Travel activities arranged, but leisure travel activities arranged by yourself at the destination or on the way.
Moving should also be considered as a self-help tour.
Types of self-help travel
At present, there are many types of self-help tourism, which can be classified according to transportation mode, tourism purpose and travel distance.
The classification is based on criteria such as departure, consumption level and content of tourism activities. This paper mainly focuses on the traffic side.
Types and purposes of tourism.
According to the mode of transportation, it can be divided into: go on road trip, cycling tour, hiking tour, etc. According to the purpose of tourism, it can be divided into two categories: leisure vacation self-help tour and professional self-help tour, while professional self-help tour.
Tourism also includes study and knowledge self-help tour, extreme adventure self-help tour and special interest self-help tour (photography and boarding)
Climbing mountains, skiing, playing golf, etc. ).
(C) the characteristics of self-help tourism
Self-help tourists pursue autonomy in tourism, or publicize their personality or relax; With the whole
Compared with the tourism market, their travel rate is higher, and tourism has become an indispensable part of their lives.
Element; Most of them come from economically developed areas, especially large and medium-sized cities, and they are highly educated.
During their travels, they showed the following characteristics:
1. There are obvious differences in the choice of tourist destinations between the two types of self-help tourists. leisure
B-type self-help tourists are mostly family-oriented or flow to holiday-oriented tourism purposes represented by the seaside.
Or flow to the scenic spots (spots) around the city, and for Zhou Bianyou, go on road trip is
More popular modes of transportation; Professional self-help tourists pursue newly developed or even undeveloped tourism.
Tourist destinations, especially the western region, are more popular. Their choice of travel destination and travel time.
Everyone has a tendency to avoid heat, either to avoid popular tourist attractions or to avoid rush hours.
Visit popular scenic spots and enjoy unusual scenery during travel and off-season. In short, this is a crowded field.
Noodles are the last thing they want to see, which objectively plays a role in alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand.
2. Self-help tourists have a high degree of participation and belong to in-depth tourism. Because you need to arrange everything yourself.
Self-help tourists usually make full preparations before going out: collecting tourism resources of tourist destinations.
Local customs and other relevant information, design routes, select vehicles, and inquire about flights and itineraries.
If possible, find the corresponding accommodation facilities and ticket reservation according to the budget conditions, which is suitable for self-driving and self-driving.
For self-driving tourists, it is essential to prepare the necessary equipment and road information. This kind of preparation
Work enables tourists to have a more comprehensive understanding of tourist destinations, not just scenic spots (spots).
Situation. In the process of traveling, self-help tourists are closer to eating, living, traveling, traveling, shopping and entertainment.
The life of local people can be more truly in touch with local residents and feel the local nature, history and people.
State-owned private science and technology and economics
Love and social customs are more involved. At the same time, they can also choose one party according to their own preferences.
Learn more about the destination. Moreover, participating in regular tour groups always seems to be related to the local area.
People are far apart, and tourists are basically in designated hotels and restaurants that specially receive tourists.
Activities between the hall and designated shops, and even "folk customs" such as national songs and dances and wedding customs are displayed.
It often has a strong performance, and even evolved into a disguised charging item, which easily makes tourists and host residents prejudice each other and runs counter to the purpose of promoting communication and understanding in tourism.
3. Compared with group tour, self-help tour is small in scale and easier for people with similar interests.
Reach an agreement; Under the same specifications and standards, it costs more than taking part in a group tour, and it shows a special elimination.
Charge psychology: On the one hand, I am intoxicated with careful calculation and bargaining, especially accommodation and local transportation.
Basic elements, but for some products with great price elasticity, they show good purchasing power, which is very important for "special"
Color is a special preference, such as special tourism projects, unique handicrafts, local food and so on.
Second, the development status of self-help tourism in China
(A) the self-help tourism market is growing rapidly.
According to a survey, 94% families in Beijing are unwilling to be bound by tour groups and are prepared to travel by themselves.
About 70% of Shanghai white-collar workers answered "What kind of travel mode will you choose next time?"
Hope for "self-help travel" Of course, "preparing for or hoping for self-help travel" cannot explain the current proportion of self-help travel.
How big is the market share, but it shows the rapid development trend of self-help tourism. In addition, from all kinds of "tourism yellow"
In the inventory review of the "Golden Week", we can also find that the team of self-help tourists is growing. special
According to Ctrip's online survey, after SARS, About 74.3% of the respondents were interviewed after SARS.
People who choose more personalized and random self-help tours are much higher than those who choose group tours.
(b) Short trips are the majority.
In the self-help travel market, family leisure travel occupies a considerable share, and most of them go to Zhou Bianyou.
Short trips in border areas, weekends and public holidays are the peak periods of self-driving short trips. according to
A survey of 749 families in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou shows that in the past six months,
Respondents who have conducted self-help tours said that most of their recent trips were to their cities.
Short trip. Judging from the destination of a recent trip, 84 people who have traveled in Beijing are
Among the tourists, 12% went to Liaoning (Dalian, etc.). ) and Hebei (Beidaihe, Qinhuangdao and Shijiazhuang)
Guzhuang and so on. ) accounted for 27%, to Tianjin accounted for 10%, to Shanxi (Wutaishan, Datong, Pingping
Distance, etc ) accounted for 7%, with Shandong (Qufu, Jinan, Taishan, etc. ) accounts for 8%; Past travel
Of the 8 1 Shanghai respondents, 22% have been to Jiangsu (Suzhou, Wuxi, Nanjing, Zhenjiang, etc. ).
To Zhejiang (Hangzhou, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Qiandao Lake, etc. ) accounted for 47%, with Jiangxi and Anhui (Shandong
Mountain, Jiuhua Mountain, Huangshan Mountain) accounted for 9%; Among the 69 interviewees who have traveled in Guangzhou, they are from Guangdong Province.
49% traveled in China, 65,438+00% went to Guangxi (Guilin and Nanning) and 6% went to Hunan.
4% went to Hongkong/Macau/Taiwan Province Province.
(3) Self-driving tourism has the fastest growth rate.
At present, the number of private cars owned by urban residents in China is increasing, and self-driving travel has become a kind of car.
The clan's preferred mode of travel. In addition, car rental tourism has become another way in go on road trip.
In Beijing, for example, there are more than 654.38+million people with driver's licenses and no cars, and there are more than 80 car rental companies in the city.
There are about 30,000 rented vehicles, and the rental situation on weekends is very good, especially during the golden week of tourism.
During the unprecedented May Day Golden Week in 2002, Executive Director of the National Holiday Office and Deputy Director of the National Tourism Administration.
Zhang Xiqin pointed out in an interview that with the rapid increase of private cars and the expansion of self-help tourism,
With the rapid development, go on road trip has become a beautiful landscape of Golden Week tourism. Before the Golden Week, North
All car rental companies in Beijing have booked in advance; Although the car rental price is very high during Haikou Festival,
Adjust by 20%, but it is still in short supply; 9% of Shenzhen residents travel by car, which exceeds this year's Spring Festival Golden Week.
It's growing again. (4) Backpacking tourism has quietly warmed up.
This method is very popular because it is cheap, free, novel and exciting.
Compared with regular group travel, you can get in touch with the real natural and cultural landscape and get rid of it completely.
The city has a strong commercial atmosphere, and some tourism projects can also test their viability. At present,
Teenagers and young people are the main body of self-help travel, especially long-distance travel. "Read thousands of books and Wan Li Road,
Cultivating the spirit of self-reliance and enriching life experience is the goal they pursue in their travel. "Because they are experienced,
They often go hiking with big bags on their backs, so they are called backpackers or hikers abroad.
(Hikers). In addition, there is a market with great potential, that is, young white-collar workers with heavy economic burden.
Small and advanced consumption concept, they are more willing to choose backpacking as a more natural and environmentally friendly way.
Get close to nature.
(e) Breakthrough in travel insurance.
In recent years, travel insurance has been constantly innovating, and various insurance companies have adopted travel rescue insurance to protect tourists.
Personal accident insurance, accident insurance for tourist attractions and personal insurance for lodging tourists are as follows.
Lord, and designed different insurance contracts under various types of insurance to meet the different requirements of tourists, such as
China Ping An Insurance Co., Ltd. launched an aviation Ping An card (suitable for frequent air travel
), travel safety card (suitable for short-term travel), Lulu Tong Tong (one-year traffic accident insurance), one copy.
Ping An Road (one-year comprehensive accident insurance for drivers and passengers) was introduced by Xinhua Life Insurance Company.
Aijiaka is a one-year accidental injury and emergency rescue insurance at home and abroad, while AIA is. "
There are insurance types such as AIA travel accidental injury and AIA overseas travel accidental injury, and the insurance period is also long.
Flexible and changeable, so that self-help tourists have more choices, but also let self-help tourists travel more at ease,
Smooth, no worries.
Third, the problems of self-help tourism in China
The biggest advantage of self-help tourism lies in "freedom and autonomy", which is what many tourists yearn for, but
There are really not many people who can really travel in China, mainly focusing on certain economic or physical aspects
Basically, they are young and middle-aged. Self-help tourism has developed rapidly in China, but its market share is only 5%.
The reason is that there is almost no service support for self-help tourism in terms of travel and social public facilities.
It is quite tedious to rely on tourists to take care of themselves. Visitors must spare some energy to deal with the purchase, booking and delivery of tickets.
Exchange, sightseeing and other matters; Travel changes are usually due to lack of support and reliability, but also due to
Without the guidance of a tour guide, there is great blindness and uncertainty in the travel process; while
When the legitimate rights and interests of tourists are infringed, it is difficult to complain and claim because they are in a different place and isolated;
When an emergency happens, tourists can only deal with it by themselves, which is safer than traveling with a group.
Low; Tourists can only buy the necessary travel conditions in the form of retail during the travel process, and the travel expenses are high.
Compared with group tours, go on road trip is not only the basic travel expenses such as accommodation, catering and scenic spots.
In addition to tickets, other special expenses include tolls, gasoline, parking fees and car wash fees, which are similar.
In addition, the cost is much higher than that of participating in the delegation; Lack of practical self-help travel information, aiming at self-driving
Tourism supporting facilities are seriously inadequate. In addition, the number of tourists has surged and the travel insurance business has lagged behind.
According to the survey, 80% people who choose self-help tour are basically in a state of "no insurance". People are interested in self-help travel.
Lack of sufficient understanding and attention, the government and industry lack corresponding incentive policies and self-help tours.
The protection of tourists' safety and rights and interests is weak, and there is a lack of price discounts. Payment, withdrawal and use during travel.
Inconvenient financial services such as credit cards will affect the development of self-help tourism. Fourthly, relevant measures to develop self-help tourism in China.
Improve the road sign information system
Setting up tourist traffic signs on important traffic arteries will greatly facilitate self-help tourists.
It can make tourists "follow the map" and "look at the signs". On this basis, tourist attractions
Various tourist facilities should also establish corresponding signpost guidance systems so that tourists can relax.
Arrive at any tourist attractions or tourist service facilities they want to reach.
(B) the establishment of self-help travel online information center
At present, there are many channels to disseminate tourism information, such as travel newspapers and travel columns on TV.
Or travel channels, etc. It has played a certain role in promoting self-help tourism.
After SARS, the internet will become an important channel for people to obtain relevant information, and the current tourism industry
There is still a gap between the expectations of information websites and self-help tourists in terms of content and service methods.
It needs to be deepened and expanded. Relevant personnel should be organized to establish authoritative self-help travel websites and columns.
Strong pertinence. In addition to the introduction of scenic spots, tourist routes and product promotion, hotel and ticket booking are also one of them.
In addition to some travel notes, comprehensive tourist traffic maps, road conditions, meteorology and other information should be provided in a timely and accurate manner.
For tourists who design new routes by themselves, dynamic online consultation is very necessary.
(3) Construction of self-driving tourist facilities
Go on road trip has become the first choice for car owners, and it is growing rapidly, but correspondingly,
The construction of supporting facilities lags far behind the development of go on road trip, such as the construction of motels and transportation.
Timely release of traffic information, rational distribution of gas stations, automobile maintenance and emergency rescue services are all urgent problems to be solved, otherwise the development of go on road trip will be limited.
(D) the construction of a sound tourism rescue system
Tourism aid originated in Europe in the late 1950s, and now its service scope has been extended to the whole world.
The service content has also expanded from the initial simple projects such as providing trailer service for tourists to the present.
Extensive and comprehensive assistance services, such as medical assistance, tourism and personal administrative assistance and consultation. Due to the brigade
Travel assistance has a wide range of business, plus comprehensive services on a global scale, as well as travel assistance abroad.
Our service is quite popular, except for short-term travelers, there are a large number of users such as business trips and overseas assignments.
Use this service. In the mid-1980s, tourism aid was introduced to China, which was only for overseas guests.
Corresponding services. 1991February, China travel agency head office established "China International Travel Rescue Center" and merged with Dadi.
Continue to cooperate with AXA Aid Company of France, American Aid Card International Limited and Danish SOS Aid Company.
Hong Kong Far East International Aid Company and Japan JGA Global Aid Co., Ltd. have maintained a long-term cooperative relationship.
Contact period. At present, the domestic tourism assistance system is not perfect, which needs to be improved and popularized urgently.
refer to
Xie Dengke, Chen Erhou. Spring Festival Golden Week sends out three major economic signals [n] Xinhua Daily
Telecom, February 2004 1, version 003.
[2] Luo. Tourism economics [m]. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 1998.
3 Chen Junhong. On the development of self-help tourism in scenic spots [J]. Journal of Tourism, 1995(6).
[4] He and Di Minghui. About the development of self-help tourism. China Holiday Network July 29th, 2003.
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