Fujian earth buildings, including southern Fujian earth buildings and some Hakka earth buildings, total about 3,000. It usually refers to the large-scale residential and defensive buildings unique to southwestern Fujian, which are made of unprocessed raw soil and rammed earth-bearing walls. They are shaped like flying saucers in the sky and are scattered among the green mountains and green waters. The main distribution areas are in the mountainous areas of southwestern Fujian, China, at the junction of Fujian, Jiangxi, and Guangdong provinces where Hakkas and Hokkien people live together, including Zhangzhou City, where Hokkien people are the main people, and Longyan City, where Hokkien people and Hakka people are mixed. Fujian Tulou is a unique large-scale residential form in the world and is known as the treasure of traditional Chinese residential buildings.

"Fujian Earth Buildings" include Gaobei Earth Building Group, Hongkeng Earth Building Group, Chuxi Earth Building Group, Yanxiang Building and Zhenfu Building in Yongding County, Fujian Province, and Tianluokeng Earth Building Group and Henan Earth Building Group in Nanjing County. The Keng Tulou Group, Hegui Tower and Huaiyuan Tower, the Dadi Tulou Group in Hua'an County, and the Tulou in Wuyi Mountain are mainly distributed in the high mountains in western and southern Fujian. They are famous for their unique architectural style and long history and culture. Not only are the most common round earth buildings, but they also include square earth buildings, chair-shaped earth buildings, etc., covering a complete architectural style of earth buildings. Fujian earth buildings originated in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. After development in the early and middle Ming Dynasties, they gradually matured in the late Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and have continued to this day. Fujian earth buildings are unique large-scale rammed earth residential buildings in mountainous areas in the world, and are creative masterpieces of earthen architectural art. Fujian earth buildings are located on the hills and have a reasonable layout. They absorb the "Feng Shui" concept of traditional Chinese architectural planning (see Dong Bin's "Modern Feng Shui Essence"), adapt to the requirements of life and defense where tribes live together, and cleverly utilize the mountains. The narrow flat land and local raw earth, wood, cobblestone and other building materials are a self-contained system, a type of raw earth high-rise building that is economical, sturdy, defensive, and extremely beautiful. In the 1980s, Americans mistakenly thought that the earth buildings in Nanjing County, Zhangzhou City, and Yongding County, Longyan City, Fujian Province were mushroom-shaped nuclear weapons equipment. Little did they know that these unique large-scale rammed earth residential buildings, which had been produced since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, had been around for a long time. Before the mushroom cloud of the first atomic bomb soared into the sky, it had been standing on a land of more than 600 square kilometers in southwestern Fujian for centuries. China's "Fujian Earth Buildings" were officially included in the World Heritage List at the 32nd World Heritage Conference held in Quebec City, Canada, on July 6, 2008.

Yongding Hakka Earth Buildings

There are 360 ??round buildings and more than 4,000 square buildings in Yongding County. In particular, the peculiar circular earth building is rich in traditional Hakka color and is the most shocking. The round earth building is a model of Hakka residence and can be called the best building in the world. It is like a "mushroom" emerging from the ground, like a "flying saucer" falling from the sky. This kind of round building is composed of two or three circles, from the inside to the outside, and the outer circle is more than ten meters high. It has four floors and one to two hundred rooms. The first floor is the kitchen and dining room, and the second floor is the warehouse. , the third and fourth floors are bedrooms; there are thirty to fifty rooms on the two floors in the second circle, usually guest rooms, and the middle room is the ancestral hall, which is the official venue for weddings, funerals, weddings and celebrations for hundreds of people living in the building. *place. There are also facilities such as wells, bathrooms, and mills in the building. The earth building is built with local raw soil and does not require reinforced concrete. The base of the wall is up to three meters wide, and the bottom wall is 1.5 meters thick, which gradually shrinks upwards. The top wall is no less than 0.9 meters thick. Then along the circular outer wall, wooden boards are used to divide it into numerous rooms, with corridors on the inside. In addition to the unique function of defending against enemies, earth buildings also have the characteristics of earthquake resistance, fire protection, anti-theft and good ventilation and lighting. Due to the thick thickness of the earthen wall, it is insulated and kept warm in winter and cool in summer. The Hakka earth buildings shine with the wisdom of the Hakka people, and the magnificence of the earth buildings is awe-inspiring. The Hakka folk customs are even more intoxicating. The Hakka people have passed down from generation to generation. They live together day and night, unite and love each other, and live in harmony. The unique way of life of the big family, the folk customs of simplicity, honesty, kindness and hospitality, and hard work; the traditional culture is visible and tangible. , it can be seen that it attracts great interest from many tourists.

Zhangzhou Earth Buildings

Zhangzhou Earth Buildings are located in Nanjing, Hua'an, Pinghe, Zhao'an, Yunxiao, Zhangpu and other mountainous areas of Zhangzhou City. It is known as the "mythical mountain building" for its unique shape and unique style. The predecessors of earth buildings are barracks, castles and cottage buildings when Chen Yuanguang opened Zhangzhou in the Tang Dynasty. They are the product of the special social environment in southern Fujian where "foreign invaders came and went, and thieves and thieves fought internally". Zhangzhou Tulou is made of raw earth as the main material, mixed with lime, fine sand, glutinous rice, brown sugar, bamboo chips, wooden strips, etc., and is repeatedly pounded, pressed and rammed. It is generally three to five stories high, with the kitchen on the first floor and the kitchen on the second floor. The first floor is a warehouse, and the third floor and above are living rooms, which can accommodate 200 to 700 people. It has the characteristics of group living, anti-theft, earthquake-proof, animal-proof, fire-proof, moisture-proof, ventilation and lighting, warm in winter and cool in summer.

Tianluokeng Tulou Group

Tianluokeng Tulou Group consists of 1 square, 3 round, 1 oval and 5 earth buildings, with the square Buyun Tower in the center. The circular Hechang Tower on the upper right was built in the first year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1796). Later, Zhenchang Tower, Ruiyun Tower and Wenchang Tower were built in the surrounding area. The five earth buildings are scattered and arranged according to the mountains. Surrounded by the mountains, overlooking from a high position, they look like a blooming plum blossom dotted on the earth, or like a flying saucer falling from the sky, forming a wonderful scene that is ingeniously created by humanities and the natural environment. It is breathtaking and a wonderful flower in the garden of residential buildings. In May 2001, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Yuchang Tower

(The oldest existing earth building in Nanjing County) The Leaning Tower of Pisa, built in 1350, is world-famous. It is famous for leaning but not falling. For more than 600 years, the tower has been tilting slowly toward the south. In the past century, the tilt seems to have accelerated. Especially after the 1972 earthquake, its slope has now reached 8 degrees. The tilt of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is the tilt of the tower as a whole. Judging from the tower body alone, every structure is horizontally, vertically and quite regular. Fujian Earth Building

In Nanjing County, Fujian, China, there is an ancient building that rivals the Leaning Tower of Pisa. It is the Yuchang Building, known as the "Standing Tower". Yuchang Tower is a round earth building built in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, only a dozen years later than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Yuchang Building has five floors and 270 rooms. Starting from the third floor, the wooden columns of the corridor in the building slope from left to right, with a maximum slope of 15 degrees. The wooden columns of the corridor on the fourth floor also slope at the same angle. It tilted in the opposite direction from right to left, and the two-story wooden pillars looked topsy-turvy. Although it is skewed, if the wooden column corridors from the first to the fifth floors are considered as a whole, the bottom wooden column and the top wooden column are kept on the same axis. The slope of the Yuchang Building is the slope of the local structure, just like today's new CCTV building.

Hegui Tower

Hegui Tower is located in Pushan Village, Meilin Town, Nanjing County, 53 kilometers away from Nanjing County. Built in the 10th year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty, it covers an area of ??1,547 square meters and is the tallest earth building in Nanjing. This earth building was built on swamp land with more than 200 pine wood pilings and paving. It is still strong, stable and well-preserved after more than 200 years. In May 2001, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Hekeng Tulou Group

The Hekeng Tulou Group is located in Hekeng Natural Village, Dianjiang Village, Shuyang Town, 58 kilometers away from Nanjing County. It includes 6 square earth buildings including Chaoshui Building, Yangzhao Building, Yongsheng Building, Shengqing Building, Yongrong Building and Yonggui Building, Yuchang Building, Chungui Building, Dongsheng Building, Xiaochun Building, Yongqing Building and Yuxing Building. There are 6 round earth buildings and 13 pentagonal Nanxun buildings. Among them, the earliest Chaoshui Tower was built in 1549. The Hekeng Tulou Group includes the Fairy Mountain Pavilion and the Big Dipper. There are many earth buildings in Zhangzhou, with more than 800 in total. The first earth building listed as a national cultural relic is Eryi Building in Xiandu, Hua'an. It is known as the "King of Earth Buildings" and is an outstanding masterpiece among earth buildings. It is large in scale and well-preserved. There are "King of Round Buildings", The reputation of "National Treasure". The oldest earth building is the "Qiyun Building" in Shajian Town, Hua'an County. It is the oldest earth building with an exact date found so far. It was built in the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1371); the largest earth building has a diameter of The 94.5-meter "Zaitian Building" in Gongpi Township, Zhao'an County is known as the "Super Earth Building"; the earth building has various shapes, including round, elliptical, half-moon, cross-chair, umbrella, windmill, Bagua and other shapes. The most peculiar one is the South Earth Building. The earth buildings in Tianluokeng, Shuyang Township, Jing County, are composed of five earth buildings with one square, one oval and three circles. They are majestic and shocking.

Zhencheng Building

--Prince of Tulou Among the Hakka earth buildings in Yongding, many earth buildings are designed according to the Bagua diagram, and the chromium imprint of Chinese traditional culture is deeply engraved among them. Fujian Tulou Zhencheng Building

. The most typical representative is Zhencheng Building. Zhencheng Building is located in Hongkeng Village, Hukeng Town. It was built in 1912 and covers an area of ??5,000 square meters. It has a raised beam structure suspended from the top of the mountain and is divided into two circles, inside and outside, forming a pattern of buildings within the building and buildings outside the building. The front door is "Xun Gua" and the back door is "Qian Gua". The outer building circle has 4 floors, with 48 rooms on each floor and 6 rooms in each hexagram; each hexagram has a staircase as a unit; hexagrams are connected by arches. The building has one hall, two wells (coinciding with the two poles of yin and yang in the "Bagua"), three doors (i.e. the main gate and the side doors at both ends, which coincides with the three talents of heaven, earth and man in the Bagua) and eight units. There is a fire wall between hexagrams. If one hexagram catches fire, it will not affect the whole building. There is also a hexagram door between hexagrams. When closed, it forms its own side. When opened, all parties can communicate with each other. Once a thief enters the house, the hexagram door can be closed and the turtle can be caught alive in the jar. The ancestral hall is like a stage. There are four large stone pillars with a circumference of nearly 2 meters and a height of nearly 7 meters in front of the stage. On both sides of the stage, 30 rooms on the upper and lower floors form an inner circle. The second-floor corridor has exquisite cast iron grates. The railings were shipped from Shanghai to be embedded in this building. There are inscriptions on the hall and the lintel of the hall and the lintel of President Li Yuanhong in the early years of the Republic of China, such as "Viewing in the Hall" and "Sound of Righteousness". There are also more than 20 permanent couplets and inscriptions in the building, which fully demonstrate the connotation of Tulou culture. The layout of facilities in the whole building has the imprint of Suzhou gardens and the characteristics of ancient Greek architecture. It can be called an architectural wonder that combines Chinese and Western styles. In 1995, its architectural model and the Temple of Heaven in Beijing participated in the World Architecture Exhibition in Los Angeles, USA, as representatives of the northern and southern circular buildings in China. It caused a sensation and was hailed as the "Pearl of Oriental Architecture". Why do people in Yongding build earth buildings according to Bagua? Investigating its historical roots: First of all, the Hakka people migrated from the Central Plains and were deeply influenced by traditional Chinese cultural thoughts. Bagua is one of the classics of traditional Chinese culture, so it is reasonable to use it when building residential buildings. among. Secondly, after several generations of migration, in order to survive, they faced various difficulties in nature and society. Since ancient times, people have used Bagua to form troops and defend against enemies. From a safety perspective, it is not surprising for the wise Hakka people to use Bagua when designing and constructing earth buildings.

Edit this paragraph Chengqi Building

Chengqi Building is located in Gaobei Village, Gaotou Town, Yongding County, Fujian Province, surrounded by mountains and rivers, with an open field in front of it. There are dozens of large and small, round or square earth buildings here, scattered and undulating, forming a colorful picture of earth buildings. The name of the Chengqi Building was added by Professor Jiang Jingbo, who is today. The couplet on the door of the building is: "Inheriting the virtue, diligence and frugality of the ancestors, and inspiring the pursuit of education and farming by the descendants." The foundation of Chengqi Building was laid in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, and ended in Kangxi 48 of the Qing Dynasty. It was completed in 1709. After half a century of struggle, three generations finally built this huge city of the Jiang family. It is said that during the construction process, it was always sunny when the wall was being rammed. It did not rain until the water came out of the lower wall beams. The people of Chengqi Tower felt that God was helping them, so they called Chengqi Tower "Tianzhu Tower". The diameter of Chengqi Building is 73 meters, the perimeter of the outer wall is 1915 meters, and the perimeter of the corridor is 229.34 meters. The whole building has three circles and one center. The outer circle has 4 floors, 16.4 meters high, with 72 rooms on each floor; the second circle has two floors, with 40 rooms on each floor; the third circle is a single floor, with 32 rooms, with the ancestral hall in the center, and the whole building is ** *There are 400 rooms, 3 gates, 2 wells, and the entire building covers an area of ??5376.17 square meters. There are more than 60 households and more than 400 people living in the whole building. The main floors of the three rings are stacked on top of each other, with an ancestral hall standing in the center.

Yonglongchang

Yonglongchang "Yonglongchang" in Fushi Town, Yongding County, is famous for his tallness. Due to terrain restrictions, part of the building was based on a beach, and the filling project was extremely large. It took 28 years from the start of filling the dam to the completion of the renovation. The main building is five and a half stories high and covers an area of ??more than 10,000 square meters. It is a combination building of square tower and five phoenix tower. There are two main buildings, Fusheng Building and Fushan Building, with a total of 92 halls, 746 rooms, 144 stairs, and 7 wells.

Yijing Building

Located in Shangyang Village, Gaopi Township, Yongding County, it was built in the first year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1851). The exterior wall is 136 meters wide from east to west and 76 meters long from north to south, covering an area of ??10,336 square meters. The main building at the back is 17 meters high and has 5 floors. It has 267 rooms and 51 large and small halls. The left and right ends of the main building are vertically connected to a four-story building, and it is closely connected to the four-story front building parallel to the main building. They are closely connected to each other and form a huge square building, forming a big "mouth" in this way. There is another group of small "kou"-shaped buildings inside, forming a unique "hui"-shaped overall shape. It is really "a door within a door, a building within a building, one after another", and the locals call it "the big building". In the middle is the ancestral hall. There are two schools on the left and right of the front building. Children in the building can study in the building. There is a stone flat in the middle of the school, and there is a gate tower in front. The gate is 6 meters high and 4 meters wide. Behind the main building there is a garden, a fish pond, and ancillary buildings such as a barn and a cowshed. Yi Jing Building*** has 280 rooms.

Kuiju Building

The only palace-style earth building in the country, "Kuiju Building" is located in Hongkeng Village, Hukeng Town. It is a large square earth building with a palace-style structure. It looks quite " Potala Palace"-like momentum. Viewed from a height, the building is integrated with the ridge behind it, like a tiger descending from the mountain. Kuiju Building is the "tiger head". There are two windows on the wall in front of the building, which look like tiger eyes. The building was designed based on the geographical characteristics of the tiger shape. of. The designer is Wu Yifu, a Hanlin scholar. He and the owner Lin Kuiyang are sworn brothers. Kuiju Building was built in 1834 and took nearly five years to complete. It has a history of more than 160 years. It covers an area of ??more than 6,000 square meters and is about 15 meters high. It currently houses 24 households and 107 people. Over the past 100 years, there have been 4 people in the building who have passed the Jinshi and seven-level official examinations, more than 20 college students, and more than 40 overseas Chinese. As the couplet on the gate says: "Kui Xinglangzhao has a prosperous civilization and gathers clans." The atmosphere is new." The architectural characteristics of Kuiju Building are that the central hall is high and the two wings are low. After more than 160 years of wind and rain, it has remained as firm as a mountain. The middle door is usually closed. When distinguished guests arrive, the middle door is opened to greet guests. The eaves and beams inside the building are very exquisitely carved, but were damaged during the Cultural Revolution. Fuyu Building is located in Hongkeng Village, Hukeng Town. It is an outstanding representative of Yongding Mansion-style earth buildings and is magnificent. Construction began in 1880 AD, costing more than 100,000 Guangyang, and took three years to complete, covering an area of ??more than 7,000 square meters. The building was designed by Zhang Xingbing, the prefect of Tingzhou, who was a friend of the three brothers (Lin Zhongshan, Lin Renshan, and Lin Deshan). Its structural characteristics: on the central axis of the main building, the front is low and the back is high, and there are two horizontal buildings, with orderly height and clear priorities. There are three gates in front of the building, and a small door separates the main building and the horizontal building. The exterior is integrated and the interior is divided into three large units. The door level and the surrounding walls are paved with local river pebbles. The workmanship is very fine and it is integrated with the natural environment and very harmonious. The shape is like three mountains, implying the meaning of "three mountains" of the three brothers. The name of the building was also inscribed by Zhang Xingbing.

Fuxin Building

Fuxin Building - the oldest earth building Fuxin Building is located in Xiazhai Village, Hulei Town. Built in AD 769, it has a history of more than 1,200 years and is the oldest among the Hakka earth buildings in Yongding. It covers an area of ??1275.76 square meters and is four stories high. The entire wall is made of rammed earth. The Fuxin Building has no stone foundation. This is an inheritance of the construction techniques and architectural forms of ancestors from the Central Plains, which fully illustrates the origin relationship between Yongding Earth Buildings and traditional dwellings in the Yellow River Basin. There is a four-meter-wide trench protecting the building around the building. There is a suspension bridge in front of the door. The bottom wall is made of raw soil mixed with lime and brown sugar, making it extremely strong. It can be called a living fossil of the ancient architectural culture of the Central Plains.

Jiqing Tower Jiqing Tower was built by the third generation of the Xu family in Chuxi Village in the 17th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1419), more than 580 years ago. It is the oldest and special structure among the existing round buildings in Yongding. One. Generally speaking, in round buildings, the small ones are equipped with two public staircases, and the large ones are equipped with four staircases. The ground floor is connected and the layers of circular corridors are connected, making it very convenient to communicate with each other. Only in this building, each household on the ground floor is equipped with stairs from the first to the fourth floor. The passages on each floor are separated by wooden boards. Seventy-two stairs divide the whole building into seventy-two independent units. The rooms, stairs, and partition walls are all made of fir wood, and are connected by neighboring falcons without a single iron nail. It has survived nearly six centuries of wind, frost, rain, and snow, and is still standing together with the two-meter-thick raw earth wall. .

Transportation: Hakka earth buildings are mostly distributed in Yongding County, Longyan City, Nanjing County and Hua'an County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. There are trains from Guangzhou to Longyan and Zhangzhou, and there is a train station in Yongding where you can stop. By car, the roads in towns and villages in Nanjing and Yongding counties are mostly cement pavements, so driving is no problem. It is more convenient to go to Tulou from Xiamen. There is a Tulou bus at SM Plaza on the island, and there is a Tulou bus at Xinglin Station outside the island. (Anyone who goes to Yongding will go to Tulou, Xiyang, Hukeng, etc.) Accommodation: Yongding and Nanjing counties have good accommodation conditions. There are hotels of various grades. Living in Tulou is also a good choice. Among them, Yongding Tulou The accommodation in the Parkview Building next to Wang (Chengqi Building) is a classic. Food: Hakka cuisine has a strong taste and is characterized by "salty, fat and cooked". Salted chicken, salted duck, stuffed tofu and braised pork are must-try. Reminder: During the Spring Festival of 2010, General Secretary Hu visited the following earth buildings: Zhencheng Building, the “Prince of Earth Buildings” in Hongkeng Village, Hukeng Town, Yongding County, and Chengqi Building, the “King of Earth Buildings” in Gaotou Township, Yongding County.

Edit this travel guide

You can take a special car or bus from Xiamen to Yongding Tulou. Taking a special bus is more expensive but more convenient. If you take the bus, you have to get off at Hukeng Town. Hukeng There is a branch road in the town to the Nanxi Tulou Group. You can take a motorcycle back and forth at the intersection of the branch road, and the price of a car will not exceed 25 yuan. You can also take the road from Nanxi towards Tianluokeng, and along the way you can see the earthen buildings on the other side of Luxi. If you don’t go to Nanjing Shuyang, you can go over from Nanxi to see Tianluokeng, and then return to Gaotou, Hongkeng and Hukeng via the road under the tower. If you still want to go to Shuyang, it is recommended to go back and forth to the observation deck, see Hongkeng and Gaotou, and then go to Shuyang via Taxia Village and Tianluokeng, which will be more smooth. It is said that the observation deck can see the whole picture of Nanxi Tulou. Due to time constraints, I didn’t go there this time and I don’t know what the scenery is like. However, the gurgling Nanxi water is like a ribbon, stringing together the earth buildings and pearls in various villages along the way, embellishment. With the small bridge and flowing water, the scenery is very beautiful and worth recommending. Fujian Earth Building

The westernmost one is the Octagonal Building (Dongcheng Building) in Nanjiang Village. It is actually a square building, but with small bevels cut into the four corners, it is not a regular octagonal shape. If there are residents in the building, there is no admission fee. I really like the small garden building next to Dongcheng Building, where four brothers and seven families live. In front of the door, there is a small bridge and running water, which is full of vitality and interest. Then drive 5 minutes east to Huanji Tower in Nanzhong Village. The Huanji Building charges a sanitation fee of 5 yuan per person, but the building is indeed quite clean. The biggest feature of the Huanji Building is its extremely strong earthquake resistance, having experienced many earthquakes in the past 300 years. After an earthquake, a crack more than 3 meters long and 1 foot wide was left. Due to the centripetal force of the round building and the traction of the structure, the crack miraculously closed slowly, leaving only a slender crack, and the entire building Safe and sound, standing tall. There is no ancestral hall in the center of the building. At the center of the Huanji Building, if you stamp your feet or shout or sing loudly, you can hear a very obvious echo, like the echo wall of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. 5 minutes further east is Yanxiang House in Xinnan Village. Yanxiang Tower is located next to a pool of clear water, with beautiful scenery. The name of the pool is Youhuangtan, which is regarded as a miniature reservoir and has a small generator set. The gate layout of this earth building is quite special, with a series of peripheral accessories added. The brick and wood carvings in the hall, the outer walls of the building, and the small doors on the left and right are relatively fine, and the paintings and calligraphy on the walls are also exquisite. The lintel of the door reads "Da Fu Di", which belongs to a family of poets and calligraphers. This building also charges a sanitation fee of 5 yuan/person, and it is also very clean. Continuing back east for about 10 minutes, Zhenfu Tower stands beside the stream. This building is not on the roadside. The gate faces Nanxi River, surrounded by mountains and rivers. Since it is currently being contracted to be developed into an exhibition hall, it has not yet been opened. It is said that a lot of stones and bricks were used in the building, and the carvings were fine. It was a mixture of Chinese and Western elements, and it was magnificent. Return to Hukeng Town. In the town, you can buy noodles and motorcycle taxis, as well as FB for accommodation, supplies, and food. There is a cheap hotel not far from the intersection with simple facade and facilities. A big bowl of steamed rabbit in soup only costs 10 yuan, and there are also pork belly with pickled vegetables, braised tofu, pickled cabbage and duck blood... all of them taste pretty good. Compared with the Aqing Hotel next door, it is really much better. If you don’t go to Chuxi, you can take the [Yongding-Gaotou] shuttle bus directly from Yongding County to Hongkeng (Tulou Cultural Village) (9 yuan) or Gaotou (Gaobei Tulou Group) (11 yuan). The road between Gaotou and Hongkeng is being repaired with cement pavement, and it is said that it can be repaired before New Year's Day. There are basically a lot of motorcycles (3 yuan/person) during the trip. Tickets for Hongcun Tulou Cultural Village are 40 yuan. You can bring motorcycles directly in, but you can't enter the Tulou without a ticket. And once someone is found to have entered the village without buying a ticket, the security will arrange a ticket check. It feels uncomfortable to be kicked out. The earth buildings in Hongkeng, such as Zhencheng Building, Fuyu Building, and Kuiju Building, are still very representative. Compared with the 50 yuan ticket in Chuxi, you can still go in and have a look.

(It is said that you can go in and see for free in the morning and evening when the security is off duty). You can stay in Hongkeng. It costs about 30 yuan per person to live in a tulou. The transportation is also convenient. It takes about 20 minutes from Hongkeng to Gaotou. The Gaobei Tulou Group is on the left hand side of the road as you approach Gaotou. The most classic one is of course Chengqi Building, known as the "King of Earth Buildings". "Four stories high, four circles of buildings, four hundred rooms up and down; circles within circles, circles within circles, it has gone through hundreds of years of vicissitudes." Fujian residential stamps feature Chengqi Tower as the pattern. The ticket is 50 yuan, and you can sneak in and take a look when the administrator returns home (the current administrator's home is next to the earth building), and you don't have to pay attention to the well-meaning threats from the villagers. Touring the earth building, one is a macro view, looking down from a high place; the other is a micro view, wandering around the building. It will always be a pity if you don’t go in to see this absolutely classic earth building. Going from the direction of Hongkeng, at the corner of the road approaching Chengqi Tower, there is a small sign indicating the direction to the observation deck. It is said to be a viewing platform, but it is actually the top of a hill. Here you can overlook the earth buildings in Gaobei Village. There is also a round building next to Chengqi Building, called "Parkview Building", also known as "Doctor's Building". It is famous for the birth of eleven doctors. The environment inside the building is elegant and has been developed into an inn. At night, red lanterns are turned on. It's really beautiful. They provide free tea and Hakka glutinous rice wine. It's definitely worth staying. In fact, the appearance of other private houses in Gaobei Village is also very unique, so you can walk around. A short distance away from Gaotou, you will reach a fork in the road, one heading towards Qujiang and the other towards the foot of the tower. There are two roads to Shuyang, and there are earth buildings along the way. However, the journey to Taxia Village is a little shorter, and for the Yuchang Building (staggered building) in Taxia Village and Banxia Village, you can first go to the direction of Qujiang to see the seven-star earthen buildings in Hekeng, and then turn back and walk under the tower. Fujian Tulou Yongding Hukeng Rushenglou

It is about 2-3 kilometers from the fork in the direction of Qujiang. The road climbs to a curved slope. There is a path on the slope to go down to the village. Here you can see the three buildings at the end of the Seven-Star Earth Building Group in Hekeng. There is a small path on the left hand side of the road that goes uphill. You have to climb to the high-voltage electric wire tower before you can see the full view of the Hekeng Tulou Group. There are a lot of earth buildings in the village, but individually they don't look very special. If you are interested, you can cross a bridge before the road goes uphill and enter the village along the riverside road. If you have time, you can continue to Shiqiao Village. It is said that various forms and distribution patterns of earth buildings can be found here. It is a model for the earth buildings in the book "Chinese Residential Architecture". Go back to the fork in the road and continue towards the bottom of the tower. When you are drowsy, the road turns a corner, and a stream appears in front of you. The flowing water spreads out in layers. The houses on both sides look a bit like stilted buildings at first glance. There is a long and special style building across the stream. bridge. When you yell at the driver to stop, the driver will tell you: This is Taxia Village. Unlike the large-scale earth buildings in other villages, the houses here are more of small families built on top of the mountains. Walking back and forth in the alley, I accidentally walked through the back door of someone's house. I was worried that a big black dog was looking at you with a cold eyebrow. Someone was making tea. The fragrance of tea lingered in half the village, better than the porch of every house. Various flowers and plants are placed on the window wall. Passing through the small village, on the slope behind the village is the ancestral hall of the Zhang family - Deyuantang. Deyuantang is the best-preserved ancestral hall we have seen along the way. The brick carvings on the eaves are gorgeous in color, including colorful phoenixes, blue dragons, lions, kingfishers, and various flowers... The wood carvings and lacquer paintings on the gates and beams are well preserved, finely crafted, and as new in color. The reason why this hall is a provincial cultural relic protection unit is that there are 23 coiled dragon pillars (21 old pillars and 2 new pillars) standing in front of the ancestral hall. There is a local custom of erecting dragon flag pillars for meritorious people, and the forest of flag pillars in front of Deyuan Hall is numerous and well-preserved. A few minutes further east from Taxia Village you will reach Yuchang Building in Banxia Village. Yuchang Building is the famous swaying building. Charge 10 yuan/person. It is said that the building was built for five families at the same time, and they took turns providing meals to the carpenters who built the earth building. However, due to poor communication with each other, the food supply to the carpenter was not very punctual. This offended the master, so he did something secretly. As a result, even though the building is habitable, the 2-3 floors gradually tilt clockwise, while the 4th floor tilts counter-clockwise. Maybe the mechanical structure is just balanced, so it has been peaceful for hundreds of years, and it is regarded as an architectural miracle by modern people. There are still many families living in the building today. Another feature of Yuchang Building is that every house on the first floor has a well. The well is full of water. The Tulou Group in Chuxi, Yongding, Fujian Province

The water level is very high and it is clear and sweet. A villager in the building may invite you to his home to drink organic tea brewed with well water. It’s okay to taste the tea. If you don’t understand tea, be careful when buying it. Exit Yuchang Tower and go further to Tianluokeng. It is the famous four dishes and one soup. It is named after the image of four round buildings surrounding a square building. It is said that when viewed from directly below, they look like five mushrooms of different colors (the earth buildings are slightly different in color, some are light green and some are light red); when viewed from the side, they resemble the Potala Palace (which is far-fetched); when viewed from above, that is Four dishes and one soup. Without entering the village, after taking pictures from the side on the road, the car drove directly to the observation deck. The viewing platform is right next to the road, just above the village, and the angle is tightly sealed. You can't see a trace from the side angle. Therefore, the management office confidently charges 20 yuan per person for admission, but tourists are really helpless just for that glimpse of the scenery. After passing Tianluokeng, we went all the way down the mountain to Shuyang Town, which took less than an hour.

There is honey pomelo for sale on the way, the price is about 50 cents per catty, and the small ones are about 1 yuan each. There are not many cars in Shuyang Town. There are only 4-5 trains to Nanjing every day, about 7am, 9am, 12pm, 1pm, 4pm. The ticket is 10 yuan per person. You can take a pickup truck to Nanjing, which is 48 kilometers away and costs about 100 yuan. The motorcycle taxi charges 50 yuan (the price of motorcycles here in Shuyang is much higher than that in Hukeng, so be careful to bargain). Fujian Tulou Yongding Hukeng Zhencheng Building

You pass Lu Fenglian’s hometown along the way. If you have time, you can also visit Huaiyuan Building in Changjiao Village, Meilin Town and Hegui Building in Pushan Village in Nanjing County. As well as Fuxing Building and Longxing Building in Xiashan Village, Shandang Town, Banyue Building and Cuilin Building in Xinluo Village, Nankeng Town, and the most compact earth building - Rusheng Building. Nanjing Fujian Earth Building Museum is located in Tianzhong Village, Shuyang Town, 50 kilometers away from Nanjing County and 2 kilometers away from Shuyang Town. It is the only place to go from Nanjing to various earth buildings in Nanjing. It was originally the former Taiwanese leader Annette Lu Ancestral hall. The road winds along the Sachang River. There are many banana groves and beautiful scenery. The journey takes about 1 hour and the road conditions are good. In addition to earth buildings, Nanjing also has hot springs and tropical rainforest reserves. The road conditions are not bad and it is still worth a visit.

Nanjing belongs to Zhangzhou City. You can take a taxi to Zhangzhou, which is very convenient. It costs 10 yuan/person and takes about 35-40 minutes.