In 215, there were 58 universities and 8 scientific research institutions in Beijing, with 95, graduate students enrolled, 284, graduate students studying and 8, graduates. The 9 colleges and universities in the city enrolled 158, college students, including 593, students and 152, graduates. There are 75, students enrolled in the adult college, 24, students and 95, graduates.

In p>215, there were 57, ordinary high schools in Beijing, including 169, students and 58, graduates. Ordinary junior high schools enrolled 89, students, 283, students and 93, graduates; Ordinary primary schools enrolled 146, students, 85, students and 14, graduates; There are 149, children in kindergartens and 394, children in kindergartens. All kinds of secondary vocational education (including technical schools) enrolled 41, students, 134, students and 55, graduates. There are 93 special education students, 7,136 students and 1,786 graduates.

In p>215, there were 15 private colleges and universities with 67, students in Beijing. 93 private ordinary middle schools with 37, students; 6 private primary schools with 67, students; There are 574 private kindergartens with 14, children in them. Beijing is also one of the most developed areas in China. As of 212, there are 91 colleges and universities in Beijing, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, China Renmin University and Beijing Normal University. The number of students in this college reached 577, in the whole year.

There are 52 institutions of higher learning and 117 scientific research institutions in Beijing, with 29, graduate students studying. Beijing has the third largest library in the world and the largest in Asia: the National Library of China, formerly known as Beijing Library, which was founded in 199. Peking University Library and National Science Library of China Academy of Sciences are also one of the largest libraries in Asia.

Beijing is the center of national institutions of higher learning, with the largest number of key universities in China. List of undergraduate colleges and universities within the administrative area of Beijing Name of the school in charge of the school Attribute of Peking University Ministry of Education Vice-ministerial University

985 Project

211 Project

211 Plan

111 Plan Tsinghua University China Renmin University Beijing Normal University Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics China Agricultural University Beijing Institute of Technology Industry and Information Technology Central University for Nationalities National Ethnic Affairs.

985 Project

211 Project

111 Plan China University of Political Science and Law

211 Project

985 Platform

211 Plan

111 Plan Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing University of Science and Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Central University of Finance and Economics

211 Project

981. * China Shiyou University (Beijing) Central Subordinate University

211 Project

985 Platform

111 Plan China Geo University (Beijing) China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) China Communication University North China Electric Power University beijing university of chemical technology Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing Foreign Studies University Central Subordinate University

211 Project

985 Platform university of international business and economics Central Subordinate University

211 Project < P > The Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Commerce * * * Build Colleges and Universities under the Central Committee of Beijing Forestry University

211 Project

111 Plan Beijing Sport University, State Sports General Administration, Central Conservatory of Music, Colleges and Universities under the Central Committee of Education

211 Project

111 Plan Beijing Institute of Electronic Technology * * * College of Foreign Affairs of Universities Directly under the Central Office Ministry of Foreign Affairs Chinese People's Public Security University School of International Relations of Ministry of Public Security Central Academy of Fine Arts of Ministry of Education Central Academy of Drama beijing language and culture university China Federation of Labor Relations All-China Federation of Trade Unions All-China Women's Federation All-China Women's Federation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Academy of Sciences China Youth Politics College * * * Youth League Central Subordinate University

* * Youth League Central Committee, Ministry of Education * * * Capital Normal University, Beijing Municipal People's Government, Ministry of Education * * * Beijing Film Academy, Beijing, Ministry of Education, State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television * * * China Conservatory of Music, Ministry of Culture * * * Beijing Printing Institute, China Theatre Academy, Beijing, State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television * * * North china university of technology is a university under construction. Capital Medical University, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Union University, capital university of economics and business, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing Jianzhu University, beijing international studies university, Beijing Dance Academy, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing Agricultural College, Capital Institute of Physical Education, Shougang Institute of Technology, beijing police college, beijing city university, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, private university, Beijing Geely University, Independent College, Capital Normal University. Dehua College, Beijing Technology and Business University, Century College, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Geng Dan College, Beijing University of Technology, beijing international studies university Zhongrui Hotel Management College, Beijing is the largest scientific and technological research base in China, with scientific research institutions such as China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering, and Beijing Zhongguancun Science Park, which is known as Silicon Valley in China, accounting for one-third of the national awards every year. Since 1998, Beijing High-tech Industry International Week, a large-scale international event with the theme of high-tech industry, has been successfully held every year.

research and experimental development in Beijing in p>215 (r&; D) Expenditure was 136.75 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8% over 214, and the proportion equivalent to regional GDP increased from 5.82% in 21 to 5.95% in 215. City-wide research and experimental development (R&; D) There were 355, activists, an increase of 3.4% over the previous year. The number of patent applications and authorizations were 156,312 and 94,31, respectively, increasing by 13.2% and 25.9%, among which the number of invention patents was 88,93 and 35,38, respectively, increasing by 13.8% and 51.9%. In the whole year, 72,272 technical contracts were signed, up by 7.4%; The total turnover of technology contracts was 345.26 billion yuan, an increase of 1.1%. Beijing was once the capital of the Six Dynasties in history. In the more than 2, years since Yan State, many palace buildings have been built, making Beijing the city with the largest number of imperial palaces, gardens, temples and tombs in China.

Royal Architecture

The Forbidden City in Beijing, called Ouchi Miyagi in the Ming Dynasty and Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty, was originally the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors lived. The building is magnificent and magnificent, which perfectly embodies the traditional classical style and oriental style of China. It is the largest existing palace in China and even the whole world, and it is a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The Temple of Heaven is famous at home and abroad for its reasonable layout and exquisite construction. It is a place where emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties "worship heaven".

Siheyuan and Hutong

Main term: Beijing Siheyuan

Siheyuan is a general term for the northern traditional houses with the main house, inverted house and east-west wing around the middle courtyard. Beijing quadrangles originated from courtyard houses in Yuan Dynasty, which is the most important residential building in old Beijing.

Temples

The existing famous temples in Beijing are: Fayuan Temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju Temple, Badachu Temple and so on. Taoist Baiyun view, etc. Islamic Beijing Niujie Worship Temple, etc. Lama Temple in Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), Catholic Sishiku Catholic Church, Wangfujing Catholic Church, etc. Christian Gangwa City Church, Chongwenmen Church, etc.

central axis

main term: Beijing central axis

Beijing central axis refers to the central axis of Beijing in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and Beijing's urban planning has the characteristics of symmetry around Miyagi. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the south and ends at the Bell and Drum Tower in the north, with a length of about 7.8 kilometers. From south to north: Yongdingmen, Qianmen Arrow Tower, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghua Gate, Tiananmen Gate, Duanmen, Wumen Gate, Forbidden City, Shenwumen, Jingshan, Di 'anmen, Houmenqiao, Drum Tower and Bell Tower. From Yongdingmen, the southern end of this central axis, there are the Temple of Heaven and the Xiannongtan. Ancestral temple and social altar; Donghuamen and Xihuamen; Andingmen and Deshengmen are symmetrically distributed with the central axis. Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, once said: "The unique magnificent order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." Yongdingmen Gate, Zhonghua Gate and Di 'anmen Gate were all demolished after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and then the Yongdingmen Gate Tower was rebuilt.

Citywall

Main term: Beijing Citywall

Beijing Citywall is the general name of the capital city defense buildings of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the history of China. It consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, including many facilities such as city walls, gates, earthen jars, turrets, enemy platforms and moats. It was once the most complete ancient city defense system in China. The gate of Beijing is the general name of the gates of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the differences in grades and building specifications, it is divided into four categories: Miyagi City Gate, Imperial City Gate, Inner City Gate and Outer City Gate. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were four gates of Miyagi in Beijing. Beijing is the eighth largest "gourmet city" in the world, ranking first in the mainland. Beijing's flavor snacks have a long history, a wide variety, exquisite materials and fine production, which is well-known. In the Qing Dynasty, "Du Men Zhu Zhi Ci" said: "The three big money sell flowers, cut cakes and make noises, and have a bowl of sweet porridge in the morning before eating tea soup and noodles; Cold fruit fried cake with sweet ears, hanging stove sesame seed cake with aiwowo, fork just sold on fire, and hard noodles are called bobo; Steamed dumplings wonton is full of dishes, and new glutinous rice balls are added. " These snacks are sold at temple fairs or market fairs along the street, and people will encounter them unintentionally. Old Beijing vividly calls them "meeting food". The representatives of Beijing-style snacks include bean juice, crispy bean noodles, sour plum soup, tea soup, steamed buns, tuckahoe cakes, preserved fruit, Sugar-Coated Berry, Aiwowo, pea yellow, snowballing usury, enema, fried belly, fried liver and so on.

Peking Opera

Main term: Peking Opera

Peking Opera is the quintessence of China. The origin of Peking Opera can be traced back to several ancient local operas. In 179, four major local operas in Anhui-Sanqing Class, Sixi Class, Chungong Class and Chunchun Class-went to Beijing to perform. Huiban often performs in cooperation with artists from Hubei Province, so a new kind of opera was born, which is based on the Hui tune "Erhuang" and the Han tune "Xipi" and combines the essence of local operas such as Kunqu Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Bangzi. This is Beijing Opera. Beijing has hosted the first, second, third, fourth and seventh National Games, the 199 Beijing Asian Games, the 21st Universiade, the 28 Beijing Olympic Games and the 28 Beijing Paralympic Games. Beijing won the right to host the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 222. In 29, there were 6,149 stadiums in Beijing.

Main venues: National Stadium (Bird's Nest), National Aquatics Center (Water Cube), Workers Stadium, Wukesong Gymnasium, National Tennis Center, Beijing Olympic Water Park, Capital Gymnasium, Beijing University Student Gymnasium, Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium, Beijing Shooting Hall, Fengtai Softball Stadium and Yuetan Gymnasium.

at the end of p>215, there were 2,75 stadiums in * *. There are 174 outstanding athletes in the city. Won 38 medals in international competitions, including 18 gold medals and 12 silver medals. Won 132 medals in national competitions, including 45 gold medals and 48 silver medals. In 215, the number of people participating in the basic old-age pension, basic medical care, unemployment, industrial injury and maternity insurance for urban workers in Beijing was 14.243 million, 14.757 million, 1.823 million, 1.21 million and 9.417 million, respectively, increasing by 317,, 444,, 252,, 591, and 261, compared with the end of last year. Compared with 21, it increased by 4.418 million, 4.12 million, 3.81 million, 1.963 million and 5.695 million respectively. At the end of the year, 1.876 million people participated in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents, including 1.74 million rural residents, and the number of people participating in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents increased by 14, compared with the end of the year. At the end of 215, the number of people participating in the new rural cooperative medical system reached 2.239 million, with a participation rate of 99.3%. The number of people in the city who enjoy the minimum living guarantee for urban residents is 85,, and the number of people who enjoy the minimum living guarantee for rural residents is 49,.

There are 211 public pension institutions in Beijing, accounting for 5.8% of the total number of pension institutions in the city; The total number of beds is 35,276, accounting for 32.4% of the total number of old-age beds in the city. Most of the public nursing homes with good nursing conditions, such as Beijing No.1 Social Welfare Institute and Sijiqing Nursing Home, are in a state of "one bed is hard to find". After the implementation of this policy, the public nursing homes will give full play to their role of "covering the bottom" to ensure that the elderly and disabled people are cared for.

In Beijing, during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, "public nursing homes will be priced or guided by the government; When public private nursing homes and public private nursing homes receive "three noes", "five guarantees" and specific elderly groups such as low income, loss of independence, and special care, the government and the operators will agree on pricing, and the difference between the market price and the government will purchase services or give appropriate financial subsidies. "