1. In the translation of various words in classical Chinese in the senior high school entrance examination, one of the frequently-tested

should be used as a pronoun 1. As a third-person pronoun, it can represent people, things and things.

Translated as "he (she) (they)", "it (they)" and "this (thing)", etc., such as: ① Take advantage of it and fight with a long spoon. ("Cao Gui Debate") (2) Chen Sheng assisted him and killed two commandants.

("Chen She Family") ③ Carnivores seek it. ("The Cao Gui Debate") (2) As an auxiliary word 1. The structural auxiliary word is translated into "de", and sometimes it may not be translated.

such as: ① to taste and seek the heart of the ancients. ("Yueyang Tower") 2 Small and large prisons, although they cannot be inspected, must be affectionate.

(The Cao Gui Debate) 2. Structural auxiliary words are placed between the subject and the predicate, and the independence of the sentence is abolished. Such as: ① Give the lotus flower a muddy but not stained one.

("Ailian Shuo") ② I took the attack of Wang Li on Song Dynasty as the same kind. ("Public Loss") 3. Syllable auxiliary words.

used to adjust syllables, meaningless, generally not translated. Such as: ① The public will drum it up.

("The Cao Gui Debate") ② For a long time, my eyes seem to be dull, and my mind is very idle. ("Wolf") 3 Disappointed for a long time ("Chen She Family") 4. Structural auxiliary words are a sign that the object is ahead of time.

such as: ① what's wrong? ("Humble Room Ming") 2 What is the crime of Song Dynasty? ("public loss") 3 and the city dwellers don't know it. (Travel Notes of Manjing) (3) As a verb, it can be translated as "to" and "to".

For example, the structural auxiliary words on the ridge of dropping out of farming (Chen She Family) are translated as "people of ……", "things of ……", "circumstances of ……" and "reasons of ……", which are equivalent to noun phrases. Such as: ① Then he led his descendants to take charge of the three husbands, knocking on the rocks and reclaiming the soil.

(Yu Gong Yi Shan) (2) If anyone commits a crime and is loyal and kind, he should be given a punishment by a department. ("The Model") ③ Those who live in Anling with a land of 5 miles are only teachers.

(Tang Sui Live Up to His Mission) (2) Modal auxiliary words are used after the subject to indicate a pause, and the predicate part usually ends with the word "ye", which plays a judgment role. Such as: ① the foolish man in Beishan is 9 years old.

(Yu Gong Yi Shan) ② Zhu Gekongming, Wolong also. (Longzhong Dui) is mainly used as a conjunction, which can express the following relations: 1. The coordinate relationship is generally not translated, and sometimes it can be translated as "you".

for example: ① review the past and learn the new, so you can be a teacher. ("Ten Rules") 2 Dongpo is the one who is crowned and bearded.

(The Story of the Nuclear Boat) 2. Inheriting relationship can be translated as "JIU", "Jie" or not. Such as: ① Wei Jianting, wide-ranging, seized and killed the captain.

("Chen She Family") (2) ring and attack it. (The previous word "and" means the relationship of succession) ("More help from the Tao, less help from the Tao") 3. Turning relationship, translated as "but", "but" and "que".

such as: ① to love lotus alone, the mud is not stained, and the ripple is clear, but not demon (The Theory of Love Lotus); ② to believe in the righteousness above the world, but the wisdom is short. ("Longzhong Dui") 3 Ring and attack it.

(The last word "and" indicates a turning point) ("When you gain more help, when you lose it, you can't help") 4. Progressive relationship can be translated as "and", "and" or not. Such as: ① Drink less and get drunk, and the year is the highest, so it is called drunkenness.

(Zuiweng Pavilion) (2) What if you learn from time to time? ("Ten Rules") 5. Modifying the relationship can be translated as "ground", "zhe" or not. Such as; (1) Hequ Zhicuo laughed and stopped.

(Yu Gong Yi Shan) (1) As a pronoun 1. As a third person pronoun, it can be translated as "he (she)", "his (her)", "them", "theirs", "it", "them" and "theirs". Such as: ① choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.

(Ten Rules) ② People have hundreds of hands, and they have hundreds of fingers, so you can't point to one end. ("Stomatology") 3 Tu Da was embarrassed and feared to be attacked by his enemies before and after.

(Wolf) 2. Demonstrative pronouns can be translated as "na", "that", "those" and "there". Such as: ① His eyes are silent, but if he listens to the sound of tea, it is natural.

(The Story of the Nuclear Boat) (2) Go forward again and want to be poor. (The Story of the Peach Blossom Garden) (2) As an adverb, it is used at the beginning of a sentence or in a sentence to express the mood of doubt, speculation, backchat, desire, etc. It is often matched with modal particles placed at the end of a sentence and can be translated into "probably", "maybe", "I'm afraid", "may want" and "don't".

① what is it like earth and stone? ("Yugong Yishan") 2 Is it really no horse evil? I really don't know about horses. (Ma Shuo) (The former "Qi" can be translated as "Yao" and the latter "Qi" can be translated as "I'm afraid") 3 An Ling Jun is a widow! ("Tang Sui lived up to his mission") (3) Make a conjunction to express a hypothesis, which can be translated as "if".

for example, if one's career is not refined, if one's morality is not successful, if one's nature is not humble, then one's mind is not devoted to others. (Preface to Send Ma Sheng to Dongyang) Take (1) as a preposition. 1. Introduce the causes of action behavior, which can be translated as "because" and "because".

for example, ① don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. ("Yueyang Tower") (2) It is based on the first emperor's simple drawing to leave your majesty.

(The former "by" indicates the reason, and the latter "by" indicates the purpose) ("The Example") ③ Fu Su admonished the reason by counting, and made an envoy to the foreign countries to make a general. (Chen She Family) 2. Introduce the conditions on which actions depend, which can be translated as "relying on", "following" and "relying on".

for example: ① if you don't make the best use of it, you can't make the best use of it. ("Ma Shuo") 2 With the strength of the old age, it was impossible to destroy a hair of the mountain.

(Yu Gong Yi Shan) (3) People in the territory don't take the border of the frontier, consolidate the country without taking the risk of mountains and streams, and conquer the world without taking advantage of the military revolution. (Chapter 2) 3. The ways to express actions can be translated as "Ba", "Na" and "Yong".

such as: ① slaughter fear and throw bones. ("Wolf") (2) Then I promised the first emperor to drive chi.

("a model") (2) As a conjunction 1. Expressing purpose is equivalent to "lai" in modern Chinese. It is intended to tunnel in to attack the rear.

("Wolf") (2) Inherit the virtues of the emperor with light. ("the model") 3 belongs to the composition to remember.

(The Story of Yueyang Tower) 2. Indicates the result, which can be translated as "even" and "thus". Such as: ① It is not appropriate to belittle yourself and cite the wrong meaning, so as to block the way of loyalty and admonition.

("a model") ② Before hurting the late emperor. As a verb, it can be translated as "think".

For example: ① The first emperor didn't treat his officials with meanness, and he wronged himself by making accusations. ("the model") 1. interrogative pronouns can be translated as "where".

such as: and how to place earth and stone? ("Yugong Yishan") 2. At the end of the sentence, the interrogative mood particle can be translated as "ni". For example, what does it matter if the meat eater seeks it? ("Cao Gui Debate") 3. Pronouns are equivalent to "zhi".

cry for it suddenly, father. 2. Sentences frequently tested in classical Chinese in junior high school (with explanations)

Translation and induction of sentences frequently tested in classical Chinese in 211. 1. Reviewing old knowledge and learning new things can be a teacher: review old knowledge and then understand new knowledge, so that people can be teachers.

2. Learning without thinking is useless; Thinking without learning is dangerous: if you don't know how to think, you will be puzzled; Thinking without reading and studying will lead to confusion and gain nothing. 3. Learn silently, never tire of learning, and never tire of teaching others: remember what you have learned silently, but learn without feeling satisfied, and teach others tirelessly.

4. in a threesome, there must be my teacher; Choose the good and follow it, and change the bad: when several people walk together, there must be someone who can be my teacher in the middle; Choose their strengths to learn, and if you have their weaknesses, you must get rid of them. 5. Those who know it are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who enjoy it: those who know it are not as good as those who love it, and those who enjoy it are not as good as those who enjoy it.

6. The deceased is like a husband, and he doesn't give up day and night: the passing time is like this river! Around the clock. 7. Good medical treatment takes credit for not getting sick: doctors like to treat people who are not sick and take curing "illness" as their own credit.

book 2 8. the land is flat and spacious, and the houses are just like it. there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboos. 9. Yellow hair droops and enjoys itself: the old and children are very happy and free.

1. it's easy to celebrate the holidays in cold and summer, and it's only a return trip when winter and summer change seasons. 11. Moss marks are green on the upper steps, and grass color enters the curtain: moss is green and grows on the steps, and grass color is green, which is reflected in the curtain.

12. No fussy ears, no cumbersome form: no noisy music disturbing your ears, no official documents exhausting your body and mind. 13. I love the lotus from the mud without being stained, and it is clear without being demon: I only like the lotus, which grows out of the mud without being polluted, washed in clear water without being seductive.

14. ugh! The love of chrysanthemum is rarely heard after Tao. Who gives the love of lotus? The love of peony is suitable for many people: alas! Tao Yuanming seldom heard about the hobby of chrysanthemum in the future.

Who else like me is interested in lotus? Of course, there are many people who like peony. The third volume 15. Since the Three Gorges 7 miles, the two sides of the strait are connected with mountains, and there is no shortage; Rocks are stacked, and the sky is hidden.

I haven't seen Xiyue since midnight in Feiting: in the 7-mile Three Gorges, the mountains on both sides are connected with mountains without any interruption; Heavy cliffs and layers of cliffs are enough to block the sun. If it weren't for noon and midnight, you wouldn't see the sun and the moon.

16. Although riding the wind is not a disease, even riding a fast horse and driving a long wind is not so fast. 17. The courtyard is as empty as water, and the algae and weeds in the water cross each other, and the shadow of bamboo and cypress is covered. The moonlight on the ground of the courtyard is as clear and transparent as water, and there are algae, weeds and other aquatic plants interlaced inside. It turns out that it is the shadow of bamboo and cypress.

18. be quiet and talk less, and don't admire Rong Li. He likes to be quiet, seldom talks, and does not envy splendor and wealth.

I like reading, but I don't get into a dead end. 19. If you make a drink, you will be drunk.

When he left drunk, he never hesitated to stay: when friends and relatives treat him, Mr. Wuliu drinks rudely, and then stops when he is drunk, and then leaves without being polite to others. 2. The ring is blocked, and it is not windy; Short brown ties, empty baskets and scoops, Yan Ruyi: The humble room is deserted, which can't cover the wind and sunshine: there are many patches on the coarse cloth jacket, and the rice baskets and scoops are often empty, but he is calm! 21. Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth: don't worry about poverty, don't rush for wealth.

Book IV 22. Those who insult my ministers in the north are willing to kill them: someone in the north bullies me, and I want to kill him with your help. 23. Dongpo is the one who is crowned in the middle and has many beards: Su Dongpo is the one who wears a tall hat in the middle and has many beards.

24. Swallows know the ambition of a swan. How can swallows know the aspiration of a swan? 25. Princes and princes will have seeds: Are princes and princes born with noble seeds? 26. There is Bole in the world, and then there is Maxima. There are many swift horses, but Bole is not.

Therefore, although there is a famous horse, it is only humiliated by slaves, and it is not called a thousand miles to die in the trough: there is Bole in the world, and then there is a thousand miles horse. Maxima often exists, but Bole doesn't.

So even if there are famous horses, they will only be humiliated at the hands of the servants' grooms and die in the stables with ordinary horses, and they will not be famous for traveling thousands of miles every day. 27. A horse can travel a thousand miles, and he who eats a stone or a millet does not know that he can eat a thousand miles.

It's a horse. Although it has the ability to travel a thousand miles, it's only beautiful because of insufficient food and strength. And it's impossible to compete with a regular horse. Why not ask it to travel a thousand miles? A horse that travels thousands of miles a day eats a meal and sometimes eats a stone after eating food. The man who feeds the horse doesn't know that it can travel thousands of miles a day without feeding it.

Therefore, although such a horse has the ability to travel thousands of miles a day, it has insufficient food and strength, and its talents and advantages cannot be shown from the outside. If you still want to be like an ordinary horse, you can't do it. How can you expect it to travel thousands of miles a day? 28. The policy is not based on its way, the food can't make the best use of it, and it can't make sense of it. If you implement the policy, you will face it, saying, "There is no horse in the world!" Alas, is it really innocent? It really doesn't know a horse: if you don't control it in the right way and feed it, you can't give full play to its talents. A swift horse screams, but you can't understand its meaning. You just stand in front of it with a whip and say, "There is no swift horse in the world!" Alas, is there really no maxima? I'm afraid I really don't know Maxima! Book 5 29. I thought that all the mountains in the state have strange shapes, but I didn't know the strangeness of the western hills: I thought that all the mountains in this state have strange shapes, and I have enjoyed them, but I didn't know the strangeness and uniqueness of the western hills.

3. It's too long to be carefree. Wandering with the creator without knowing what he is poor: the mind is endlessly integrated with the atmosphere between heaven and earth, and no one knows their boundaries; Boundless, playing with nature, I don't know their end. 31. Heart-shaped release is in harmony with all things: the mind is frozen, the body is dissipated, and it is secretly integrated with everything.

32. drunkenness is not about wine, but about mountains and rivers. The joy of mountains and rivers, the wine of the heart: the taste of drunkards lies not in drinking, but in the mountains and rivers.

appreciate the pleasure of landscape, understand it in your heart, and pin it on wine. 33. An De Guang Xia Qian. 3. What are the classical Chinese sentences that are often translated in junior high school exams? < P > To be alone in love with Lotus, the mud is not stained, and it is clear but not demon.

ventriloquism can be a teacher if you review the past and learn something new. The Analects of Confucius

It is useless to learn without thinking, and it is dangerous to think without learning. The Analects of Confucius

The land is flat and spacious, and the houses are just like it, belonging to the fertile fields and beautiful ponds.

The Peach Blossom Garden is a humble room, but I am virtuous and fragrant.

in "The Book of Humble Rooms", the moss marks are green on the upper stage, and the grass color enters the curtain.

Why is there no moon at night in Three Gorges? Which place does not have bamboo and cypress? Just lack of people like us who are so free.

A Night Tour in the Temple of Chengtian is not based on the way, and the food can't be used to the best of its ability, but it can't be understood. Ma Shuo

Those who have enough fun in it don't know that the mouth and body are not as good as people.

The preface to seeing Ma Sheng off Dongyang looks at the southwest of the pool, and you can see it in a zigzag way.

The Story of Xiaoshi Pond worries about its people if it is high in the temple, and its monarch if it is far away from the Jianghu.

The Story of Yueyang Tower puts the worries of the world first, and the joys of the world later.

The story of Yueyang Tower is not about wine, but about mountains and rivers.

Zuiwengting Ji was ordered to be in danger when he was defeated.

Therefore, heaven will demote a great responsibility to a man, so he must first suffer his mind, work his bones and muscles, starve his body and skin, be empty of his body, and do things in disorder, so be patient and gain what he can't do.