Common parasites are: Taenia solium; Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Liver fluke, anisakis; Sparganum; Jaw nematode; Paragonimus

1. Pork tapeworm

stands for delicious food: raw pork. The online rumor that "there are hookworms in pork" said that some pork contained banded white material, which made people panic for a time. However, Zhou Xiaonong, director of the Institute of Parasitic Diseases Prevention and Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, explained that there is no such thing as pork hookworm. The real parasite of pork is the tapeworm of pork, which is often parasitic in the muscles of pigs.

If people eat pork containing tapeworm cysticercosis, it will develop into an adult in human small intestine, and excrete pregnant nodes (segments where tapeworms produce eggs) or eggs with feces; When people eat tapeworm eggs by mistake, they can develop into cysticercosis in the human body and transfer to the whole body, resulting in cysticercosis, blindness or epilepsy. Tibetans, Bai people and other ethnic minorities who have a tradition of eating raw pork are especially high-risk infected people. ?

Expert advice: To avoid contracting cysticercosis, be careful to buy "rice pork", that is, pork with cysticercosis. When you buy, you must look carefully. "Rice pork" is generally cystic, that is, there are bags the size of rice grains or soybeans in fat or lean meat. In addition, try not to eat pork from scattered pigs in rural areas, which has a relatively high probability of infection, and be careful with pork that is too cheap. From the biological point of view, at present, most parasites and microorganisms can be inactivated by high temperature treatment, and generally they can be avoided by cooking at a temperature above 8℃.

2. Angiostrongylus cantonensis

stands for delicacies: cold snails and iced snails. Snails are the main intermediate hosts and vectors of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. In 26, there was an outbreak of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in Beijing, which caused 141 people to get sick. Angiostrongylus cantonensis is usually parasitic on two kinds of snails: one is Ampullaria gigas and the other is African snail. People infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis show symptoms such as fever and severe headache. In addition to the above snails, snails such as snails that residents in Jiangnan like to eat should also pay attention to preventing parasitic infection. ?

Expert's advice: If it is not properly processed, the parasites contained in snails can't be effectively killed, so cold processing methods such as cold salad and pickling must not be used, and it is best to thoroughly heat it and steam it at high temperature.

3. Liver trematode and Anisodes

Representative food: fresh water sashimi. Iced sashimi dipped in mustard is a delicious food in summer, but the parasite infection rate of freshwater fish is high. The average infection rate of freshwater fish Clonorchis sinensis (commonly known as clonorchiasis sinensis) in Guangdong, Guangxi, Heilongjiang and other places is higher than that in other areas.

If the water body of freshwater fish ponds is polluted by human or cat and dog feces, the eggs in the feces will escape from the miracidium and parasitize into cercaria in the snails in the fish ponds. When the cercaria enters the fish, it will form cysticercosis, which will enter the human body with sashimi and finally develop into adults in the bile duct. When adults parasitize the bile duct, people will have fever and pain in the liver area, and they will often be misdiagnosed as cholecystitis, which may even induce cholangiocarcinoma for a long time.

Eating fresh water raw fish may also infect Anisodes parasitizing on the bottom of human stomach, which belongs to a parasite of nematodes. It is white all over, eating fish with larvae and undercooked fish by mistake, and users who can eat it are infected, resulting in severe abdominal pain or allergic reaction. ?

Expert's advice: The metacercaria of clonorchis sinensis in fish is difficult to be identified by naked eyes. The simplest method is to cook the fish thoroughly and kill the parasites before eating. Eat fresh water fish sashimi carefully in summer. Deep-sea fish can be frozen at MINUS 2℃ for more than 24 hours to avoid infection with Anisodes. In addition, there is a toilet on the fish pond, and the feces are discharged directly into the fish pond. The fish in this fish pond is highly infected, and the fish inside cannot be eaten raw.

4. Sparganum

stands for delicious food: stir-fried frog and raw rolled frog porridge. Frog is deeply loved by consumers because of its unique flavor, delicious taste and high nutritional value. However, the infection rate of Rana tigris, commonly known as "frog", is as high as 49.8%, and it is difficult to kill the sparganium by common frying and rolling methods. In some areas, frog skin is even used for beauty treatment, and it is attached to eyes and skin, causing sparganosis to infect the central nervous system through conjunctiva or skin mucosa, causing headaches, epilepsy and other symptoms. ?

Expert's advice: It is recommended to stop eating wild game, especially wild frogs and snakes. Even if you want to eat it, you should cook it in boiling water. Cryopreservation can also eliminate sparganium.

5. jaws nematodes

represent delicacies: frozen eel slices and stir-fried eel. Monopterus albus is the main host of jaw nematode, and the most common human infection is eating Monopterus albus imported from Japan and Thailand. There are various aquatic fleas and freshwater fishes (including Monopterus albus, etc.) as the intermediate hosts of jaws nematodes. Under the microscope, both domestic and wild Monopterus albus are often parasitic with jaws nematodes. After being infected with oral nematodes, it will scurry around and cross the human body like a headless fly. Wherever it crosses, it will cause damage to tissues and organs, which may lead to blindness in the eyes and fatal in the brain. ?

expert advice: eat less raw or half-baked fish, amphibians and other animals. Monopterus albus, which may be infected with oral nematodes, is heated to avoid the introduction of infectious sources.

6. Paragonimus

represents delicacies: spicy crayfish and drunken crabs. Eating spicy crayfish in summer and drinking drunk crabs by the river have hidden the risk of parasites behind the food, and there are cases of paragonimiasis every summer. Paragonimiasis is a kind of helminth disease that people and animals suffer from. People get sick by eating raw shrimp or crab infected with paragonimiasis larvae. In addition to being mainly parasitic on human lungs, it can also be parasitic on subcutaneous and liver, causing abdominal pain, bloody stool and other symptoms. ?

Expert advice: The infection of paragonimiasis is mainly due to eating raw or undercooked shrimps and crabs, so it should be cooked fully at high temperature. ?

People's Network-If you are addicted to oral drugs, you must first guard against parasites.